• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.32-36
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• 1992

This paper develops the dynamic equivalents program combined with graphic user interface(GUI), to solve the stability of large power system. The p개posed method is coherency-based dynamic equivalents for transient stability studies. The program also provides with pull-down menu and Hangout help information for users. The developed dynamic equivalents program is suitable for the transient stability studies of a large power system with lots of data. The dynamic equivalents demonstrated over the New England system with 39 buses and 10 generators.

• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• v.12A no.1
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• pp.20-25
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• 2002

This paper deals with the development of dynamic equivalents of the Korea Electric Corporation (KEPCO) systems. Several coherency identification methods are studied in order to find a proper method to well represent the dynamic characteristics of the KEPCO system. Also, this paper presents the comparison of the detail and classical aggregation methods in terms of the dynamic and static characteristics of the system. The nonlinear time simulation of the developed KEPCO equivalent system and the original system is performed to illustrate the validity of the equivalent system.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.6-12
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• 2001

This paper deals with the development of dynamic equivalents of the Korea Electric Corporation (KEPCO) systems. The weak coupling method is chosen for the most suitable coherency identification to represent the characteristics of the KEPCO system by the dynamic characteristic comparison of several coherency identification methods. Also, this paper shows the detail aggregation of generator groups makes a better representation of the dynamic and static characteristics of the original system than the classical aggregation. The simulation results of the developed KEPCO equivalent system are presented in comparison with the original system to illustrate the validity of the equivalent system are presented in comparison with the original system to illustrate the validity of the equivalent system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1993.11a
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• pp.3-5
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• 1993

This paper presents a identification techniques of coherent generators for dynamic equivalents using artificial neural networks. In the developed neural network, inputs are the power system parameters which have a property of coherency. Outputs of the neural network are coherency and error indices which are derived from density measure concept. The learning of developed neural network is carried out by means of error back-propagation algorithm. Identification of coherent generators are implemented by proposed grouping algorithm using coherency and error indices. The proposed method is confirmed by simulations for 39-bus New England system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.11b
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• pp.273-275
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• 1999

This paper presents a dynamic equivalencing method in large electric power system for stability analysis. This method of modeling simplified equivalents for parts of the network outside the study area is to evaluate the stability of a study area modeled in detail. Generators are closely coupled in an electrical sense tend to swing together in groups during disturbances, and this behavior can be exploited to reduce the size of the power system model. The characteristics of generators swing together are referred to as coherency Coherency groups whose generators state trajectory are similar to the other generators state trajectory in the same coherency group by a certain disturbance. In this paper, procedures for forming dynamic equivalents of control devices of coherency-based generating units are proposed and the aggregation of the control devices such as excitation system and governor-turbine system is accomplished by this method. This method can deal with the aggregation of the same type of control devices and combination of hydro and steam unit or the many types of excitation systems. etc. This method is shown to be efficient in reducing the number of control device of generating units with small error in the study group by result of case study presented latter part of this paper.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.399-404
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• 2000

This paper presents new algorithms equivalencing large-scale power systems. Generators are identified to the coherent groups according to the relation factors, which represent the relative coupling degree between the generators. While the groups are identified, participation numbers, which are the measure of the relative participation of the generators in the group, are obtained. All generators and controllers in the group are weighted by participation numbers and aggregated to construct a dynamic equivalent. The proposed algorithms are applied to a 272-machine Korea Electric Power Corporation (KEPCO)'s system. The enclosed results indicate the accuracy and usefulness of the algorithms.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.12
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• pp.638-644
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• 2017

Optimal cooling operation algorithm was developed based on a simulation case of a single family house model equipped with renewable energy facility. EnergyPlus simulation results were used as virtual test data. The model contained three energy storage elements: thermal heat capacity of the living room, chilled water storage tank, and battery. Their charging and discharging schedules were optimized so that daily electricity bill became minimal. As an optimization tool, linear programming was considered because it was possible to obtain results in real time. For its adoption, EnergyPlus-based house model had to be linearly approximated. Results of this study revealed that dynamic cooling load of the living room could be approximated by a linear RC model. Scheduling based on the linear programming was then compared to that by a nonlinear optimization algorithm which was made using GenOpt developed by a national lab in USA. They showed quite similar performances. Therefore, linear programming can be a practical solution to optimal operation scheduling if linear dynamic models are tuned to simulate their real equivalents with reasonable accuracy.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.1434-1440
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• 1999

For the real-time power system analysis, there exists a limitation to the scale of the system to be simulated, hence it is necessary for the real-time simulation to develop reduced equivalent systems which preserve the desired property of the original system. In this paper, a procedure for developing an equivalent system whose scale is reduced within the hardware capacity of a real-time simulator is proposed. Also, the proposed procedure is applied to a KEPCO's system. The comparison between the original system and equivalent systems illustrates the capabilities of the proposed procedure.

• BMB Reports
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.307-327
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• 1998

Cytochrome c peroxidase (CcP) is a yeast mitochondrial enzyme which catalyzes the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water using two equivalents of ferrocytochrome c. The CcP/cytochrome c system has many features which make it a very useful model for detailed investigation of heme protein structure/function relationships including activation of hydrogen peroxide, protein-protein interactions, and long-range electron transfer. Both CcP and cytochrome c are single heme, single subunit proteins of modest size. High-resolution crystallographic structures of both proteins, of one-to-one complexes of the two proteins, and a number of active-site mutants are available. Site-directed mutagenesis studies indicate that the distal histidine in CcP is primarily responsible for rapid utilization of hydrogen peroxide implying significantly different properties of the distal histidine in the peroxidases compared to the globins. CcP and cytochrome c bind to form a dynamic one-to-one complex. The binding is largely electrostatic in nature with a small, unfavorable enthalpy of binding and a large positive entropy change upon complex formation. The cytochrome c-binding site on CcP has been mapped in solution by measuring the binding affinities between cytochrome c and a number of CcP surface mutations. The binding site for cytochrome c in solution is consistent with the crystallographic structure of the one-to-one complex. Evidence for the involvement of a second, low-affinity cytochrome c-binding site on CcP in long-range electron transfer between the two proteins is reviewed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2007.07a
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• pp.461-462
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• 2007

실시간 시뮬레이터(RTDS)를 이용한 비선형 전력 계통의 과도현상 해석은 H/W의 제약으로 인해 계통의 규모에 따라 그 적용범위가 제한되므로, 대규모 계통의 RTDS 모의를 위해서는 대상 계통의 축약된 등가 계통의 개발이 요구된다. 이에 본 연구에서는 한전 계통의 RTDS 적용 및 모의를 위해, 실 계통의 정적, 동적 특성을 반영할 수 있는 적정규모의 등가 계통 개발에 대한 연구를 진행하고, 등가화 및 계통 축약 기법을 이용해 240기 986모선 규모의 한전 계통에 대한 42기 143모선의 규모의 등가 모델 계통을 개발하였다. 등가 모델 계통은 경제성을 고려하여 실 계통의 동특성을 반영하는 최소 규모의 모델로 개발되었으며, PSS/E를 이용한 다양한 모의를 통해 실계통의 특성을 적절히 반영하는 것을 확인하고 타당성을 검증하였다. 또한 PSS/E로 구성된 모델 계통을 RSCAD를 이용해 변환하고, RTDS를 이용한 모의를 진행하는 것으로 그 특성을 확인하였다.