• Advances in environmental research
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.291-308
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• 2013

In the present study, an experimental design methodology was used to optimize the adsorptive removal of Basic Yellow 13 (BY13) using Turkish coal powder. A central composite design (CCD) consisting of 31 experiments was employed to evaluate the simple and combined effects of the four independent variables, initial dye concentration (mg/L), adsorbent dosage (g/L), temperature ($^{\circ}C$) and contact time (min) on the color removal (CR) efficiency (%) and optimizing the process response. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed a high coefficient of determination value ($R^2=0.947$) and satisfactory prediction of the polynomial regression model was derived. Results indicated that the CR efficiency was not significantly affected by temperature in the range of $12-60^{\circ}C$. While all other variables significantly influenced response. The highest CR (95.14%), estimated by multivariate experimental design, was found at the optimal experimental conditions of initial dye concentration 30 mg/L, adsorbent dosage 1.5 g/L, temperature $25^{\circ}C$ and contact time 10 min.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.333-344
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• 2020

Advances in industrial development and waste management over several decades have reduced many of the impacts that previously affected ecosystems, however, there are still processes which discharge hazardous materials into environments. Among industries that produce industrial wastewaters, textile manufacturing processes play a noticeable role. This study was conducted to test a novel continuous combined commercial membrane treatment using polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), ultrafiltration (UF), and polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membranes for textile wastewater treatment. The synthetic textile wastewater used in this study contained sodium silicate, wax, and five various reactive dyes. The results indicate that the removal efficiency for physical particles (wax and resin) was 95% through the UF membrane under optimum conditions. Applying UF and NF hybrid treatment resulted in total effective removal of dye from all synthetic samples. The efficiency of sodium silicate removal was measured to be between 2.5 to 4.5% and 13 to 16% for UF and NF, respectively. The chemical oxygen demand in all samples was reduced by more than 85% after treatment by NF.

• 수도
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• 통권13호
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• pp.28-33
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• 1978

• 한국막학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국막학회 2001년도 추계 총회 및 학술발표회(한국막학회)
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• pp.119-122
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• 2001

• 멤브레인
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 2022

성장하는 산업화는 심각한 수질 오염으로 이어진다. 폐수로 배출되는 약품과 섬유산업에서 나오는 유기배출물은 환경과 생명에게 악영향을 미친다. 항균치료에 사용되는 항생제가 폐수에 존재하면 인체에 매우 해로운 약제 내성균의 성장을 야기하게 된다. 섬유산업에서 사용되는 유기염료 분자의 제조에는 다양한 유기 저분자가 사용된다. 이러한 분자들은 인쇄 및 염색 산업의 폐수 배출물에 존재하여 분해가 잘 이루지지 않는다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해 광분해성 촉매를 분리막에 도입하고 폐수를 처리한다. 이 과정을 통해 유기 분자는 광분해되며 동시에 분해된 화합물들은 분리막을 통과하여 분리된다. 이산화티타늄(TiO₂)은 뛰어난 광촉매 역할을 하는 반도체이다. 다른 전이 금속 산화물과 화합물을 만들고 고분자 막에 도입하여 광촉매 능력을 증가시킨다. 본 총설에서는 광촉매성 분리막에 의한 염료 및 약물 분자의 분해에 대해 논의한다.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.26-36
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• 2007

This study was carried out to treat the aqueous solutions containing reactive dyes(RB19, RR120 and RY179) by the Ozone demand flask method and adsorption process using activated carbon fiber(ACF) which are one of the main pollutants in dye wastewater. Ozone oxidation of three kinds of the reactive dyes was examined to investigate the reactivity of dyes with ozone, competition reaction and ozone utilization on various conditions for single- and multi-solute dye solution. Concentration of dyes was decreased continuously with increasing ozone dosage in the single-solute dye solutions. Competition quotient values were calculated to investigate the preferential oxidation of individual dyes in multi-solute dye solutions. Competition quotients(CQi) and values of the overall utilization efficiency, ${\eta}O_3$, were increased at 40mg/l of ozone dosage in multi-solute dye solutions. ACF(A-15) has much larger specific surface area$(1,584m^2/g-ACF)$ in comparison with granular activated carbon adsorbent (F400, $1,125m^2/g-GAC$), which is commonly used, and most of pores were found to be micropores with pore radius of 2nm and below. It was found that RB19 was most easily adsorbed among the dyes in this study. In the case of PCP (p-chlorophenol) and sucrose, which are single component adsorbate, adsorption capacities of ACF(A-15) were in good agreement with the batch adsorption measurement, and saturation time predicted of ACF columns for these components was also well agreed with practically measured time. But in the case of reactive dyes, which have relatively high molecular weight and aggregated with multi-components, adsorption capacities or saturation time predicted were not agreed with practically measured values.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2005

This study was conducted to remove the dyes in dye wastewater by the chemical precipitation or biological treatment which are one of the main pollutants in dye wastewater. In order to remove the disperse dyes effectively in aqueous solution by chemical precipitation process, coagulation and flocculation tests were carried out using several coagulants on various reaction conditions. It was found that the Ferrous sulfate was the most effective coagulant for the removal of disperse dye(DB79), and we could get the best result for the removal of disperse dye(DB56) in the aspects of TOC removal efficiency and sludge yield. When the Ferrous sulfate dosage was 800mg/l, the sludge settling velocity was very fast$(SV_{30}=4\%)$, and the color was effectively removed in the disperse dye(DB79) solution. Although the color removal was ineffective when the Alum was used as a coagulant, the sludge yield decreased in comparison with the Ferrous sulfate or the Ferric sulfate being used in the disperse dye(DB56) solution. In order to decolorize disperse dye(DR17) by using biological treatment process, a strain which has potential ability to degrade disperse dyes was isolated from natural system. The optimal culture conditions of temperature and pH were found to be $40^{\circ}C\;and\;8.5\~9$, respectively. When yeast extract was mixed with polypeptone at the mixing ratio of 1:1 as a nitrogen source, decolorization efficiency was highest$(93\%)$ among the nitrogen sources. The strain screened was excellent to adjust to pH, and it seems to have ability to control pH needed to growth. The optimal culture conditions in concentration of $MgSO_{4.}\cdot7H_2O\;and\;KH_2PO_4$ were $0.1\%(w/v)\;and\;0.2\%(w/v)$, respectively. Strains degrading and decolorizing reactive dyes, RB198 and RR141 which were isolated from water system, are named RBK1 and RRK. And the cell growth characteristics of RBK1 and RRK were investigated. The optimal culture conditions of temperature and pH were found to be 30t' and 7.0, respectively. Optimum nitrogen source was peptone, and it was found that decolorization efficiencies by strains RBK1 and RRK, were $85\%\;and\;62\%$, respectively, with introduction of 4,000mg/l of peptone. In the case of RBK1, color removal efficiencies were very high below 400mg/l. Decolorization efficiency was over $90\%$ at 20hours of culture time. The Color degradation ability of RRK was lower than that of RBK1.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.155-160
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• 2017

The dye decolorization rate in a cell-free culture broth of the white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor CBR43 was studied, including the effects of inhibitors of NaCl, Zn(II), and Cd(II) on dye decolorization activity. The maximum rates of dye decolorization in cell-free culture broth were 1,410, 44.7, 41.2, and $0.19{\mu}mol{\cdot}l^{-1}{\cdot}min^{-1}$ for Acid Blue 62, Acid Black 175, Reactive Blue 4, and Acid Red 114, respectively. The inhibition effects of NaCl, Zn(II), and Cd(II) on dye decolorization were quantitatively compared using the half maximal inhibition concentration ($IC_{50}$), which indicates the concentration of an inhibitor required for 50% inhibition. Based on $IC_{50}$ values, dye decolorization in the cell-free culture broth of CBR43 was most potently inhibited by Cd(II), whereas the inhibitory effect of NaCl was relatively low. The dye decolorization rates and $IC_{50}$ data can be used in the design and development of a dye-wastewater treatment process using T. versicolor CBR43 and its operating factors.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 1993

미생물막 유동층 반응기로 염료공장 폐수의 유기물 처리효율을 고찰하였다. 공장폐수를 2배, 3배 및 6배 희석하여 처리하였던 바, 각 희석배율 모두 F/M비가 0.2에서 0.3으로 증가할 때 처리효율이 급격히 낮아졌다. 한편, 같은 F/M비에서는 희석율이 높을수록 처리효율이 높았으며 수리학적 체류시간이 증가함에 따라서 처리효율도 증가하였다. 6배 희석시 F/M비가 0.2 이하에서 BOD 처리효율이 $90{\sim}97%$로 가장 좋았다. 또 반응기 설계를 위한 통역학적 계수 Y, $k_b$값 및 상관계수 r은 2배 희석시 $Y=0.3365\;k_d=0.03782\;day^{-1}\;r=0.997$, 3배 희석시 $Y=0.3341\;k_d=0.0275\;day^{-1}\;r=0.996$ 및 6배 희석시는 $Y=0.5460\;k_d=0.03434\;day^{-1}\;r=0.998$로 나타났다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2002

In order to decolorize the reactive dye wastewater, we investigated the dye-adsorption ability of chitin, which was natural polymer obtained from shrimp shell. Chitin particle(less than 250 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$n) was prepared from shrimp shells in the processes of decalcification in aqueous hydrochloric acid solution and deproteination in aqueous sodium hydroxide solution. The particle size of chitin was controlled to less than 250 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. Three tripes of the reactive dyes-C.I. Reactive Red 120, C.I. Reactive red 241 and C.I. Reactive Black 5-were used. Dye adsorption ability of chitin was investigated by dipping the particle in the dyebaths of concentration of 0.0l%, 0.03% and 0.05% for various periods of time(1,3,5, 10,20,40,80,160minutes). The influence of addition of salt(Na$_2$SO$_4$) and alkali to the dyebaths on dye-absorption was also investigated. We obtained the following results fur the dye-absolution ability of chitin in the dyebaths of three types of reactive dyes. 1) The amount of dye uptake by chitin was increased by addition of salt to the dyebaths. 2) As the concentration of alkali became higher than 3g/I, the amount of dye uptake by chitin was increased. Chitin showed good dye-adsorption ability, when the alkali concentration was high. 3) Chitin showed equal dye uptake in the three types of dyebaths when the dye concentration was 0.0l%. Over 90% of dyestuffs was adsorbed from the dyebaths in ten minutes. When the dye concentration was higher, better adsorption ability was showed in a dye bath of Reactive black 5 than in the others. When the dye concentration was 0.03%, 90% of Reactive red 120 and Reactive red 241 was adsorbed in 40 minutes and the same of Reactive black 5 in 10 minutes. When the dye concentration was 0.05%, 9()% of Reactive red 120 was adsorbed in 80 minutes, and Reactive black 5 in to minutes.