• 무역상무연구
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• 제30권
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• pp.145-174
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• 2006

An anti-dumping has become the trade policy of choice for developing countries as well as advanced countries, hence it is the impending issue to the export-oriented countries including Korea. After colligating the analysis on the trade and industrial policy between Korea and China as well as the analysis on the preceding research, the main reasons of anti-dumping were selected as followings; an unemployment rate, real GDP growth rate and consumer price increase as internal factors, and trade balance, regional coefficient and trade specification index as external factors. Then, the research on how the above seven variable factors can affect the number of anti-dumping measures was accomplished. For the empirical analysis, the above information was used after reorganizing them by on the quarterly basis. Through the use of the correlation analysis, backward elimination of multiple regression analysis model and time-series analysis, it has appeared that the unemployment rate appeared to be the most important factors of anti-dumping measures in addition to the increase rate of trade balance. The variable such as the unemployment rate is uncontrollable for us, so it is appropriate to establish and operate an preemptive monitoring system based on the increasing rate of the amount of export and increasing rate of trade surplus.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.89-111
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• 2021

Purpose - The U.S. Trade Preference Expansion Act (TPEA) of 2015 enables the US Department of Commerce (DOC) to inflate dumping margin when the particular market situation (PMS) exists in the exporter's home market. DOC applied PMS provisions to the steel products from Korea. This paper analyzes whether DOC's calculation by using the regression analysis is consistent with WTO rules. Design/methodology - This paper analyzes the PMS application in law and regression analysis that extends the data period from 10 years to 18 years using the same economic model with DOC, and changes the country group according to the quantities of steelmaking capacity. Findings - Results show that DOC's argument conflating the sales-based with cost-based PMS designed to inflate dumping margins might not be consistent with WTO Antidumping Agreement Article 2.2 and 2.2.1.1 in which costs shall normally be calculated on the basis of records kept by the exporter, providing generally accepted accounting principles and reasonably reflection of the costs and PMS that exists in the Korean steel product markets. Even if it will be consistent, DOC's calculated margin by the regression analysis using a 10-year data is a big gap (5 times) compared with an 18-year data projection and different countries' data through the same methodology, which is a huge gap of regression coefficient. It means that dumping margin would be very wide range from 7.8% to 38.54% and unstable to calculate. Inflating dumping margin by DOC using regression analysis would not only be inconsistent with WTO rules, but also projection result is unreliable. Originality/value - Literature papers have mainly analyzed WTO law itself. This paper however, would be the first attempt to analyze the DOC's new way of dumping margin calculation in both manners of law and an empirical methodology perspective at the same time.

• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2002

컨테이너 크레인 스프레더는 체결시 발생하는 충격으로 인해 많은 고장이 발생한다. 이러한 충격력을 줄이기 위해 2자유도계 유압충격흡수장치를 설계하여 실린더 벽면의 치수변화가 감쇠계수에 미치는 영향에 대해 연구하였다. 내부압력이 작용할 때 벽면 치수를 2～3Omm로 변화시켜 이때 발생하는 실린더 벽면과 피스톤 사이의 틈새는 측정한 결과 Sun이하의 치수에는 벽면형상 굴곡 되며 l0mm이상의 치수에서 감쇠계수에 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2005년도 생물공학의 동향(XVI)
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• pp.65-66
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• 2005

Anaerobic digestion is one of the well-known methods for biological treatment handling of concentrated organic matter such as swine $wastewater.^{1)} The anaerobic digestion can reduce organic loading but also hydrolyze non-biodegradable organic $matter.^{2)}$ The feces from the scrapper-type barn are usually collected to make compost and the urine is discarded with swine-slurry wastewater by ocean-dumping or treated by biological methods. The lagoon, aerobic digestion, anaerobic digestion, SBR, $A^{2}/O$, and UCT have been applied for treating swine $wastewater.^{3)} In this study, as a result of the analysis of swine wastewater, the total and soluble chemical oxygen demand was 130g/L and 60g/L, respectively. And the volatile fatty acid as chemical oxygen demand equivalent was 45g/L, which was 75% of soluble chemical oxygen demand. Before everything else, ammonia nitrogen concentration was 6.5 g/L. From biochemical acidogenic potential test, it was concluded that the enhanced acidification process to manage swine waste should be operated in the ammonia nitrogen concentration of less than 1.2 g/L. In the result of seeding ratio experiments with artificial $wastewater^{4)}, the lag period of acidogens was taken the long time because of the inhibition by the $ammonia^{5)}$, however no difference of period by the seeding ratio was not shown. The Haldane-based biokinetics were also evaluated using a method of fourth order Runge-Kutta $approximation.^{6,7)}$ The nonlinear least squares (NLLS) method with a 95% confidence interval was also used. The ranges of maximum microbial growth rate, ${/mu_{max}}$, and half saturation coefficient, $K_{s}$, for acidogenesis of various seeding ratio with artificial wastewater were 6.1 ~ 12.6 $d^{-1}$ and 45,000 ~ 53,500 mg glucose/L, respectively. Also, the methanogenic microbial yield coefficient, Y, and microbial decay rate coefficient, $k_{d}$, and inhibition substrate concentration, $K_{si}$, for the reactors were determined to be 0.32 ~ 0.465 ${/mu}g$/mg glucose; 0.42 ~ 1.01 $d^{-1}$ and 51,500 ~ 55,600 mg glucose/L, respectively.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2003

면진격리 고무베어링의 설계법을 수정하여 구조물의 성능점 예측을 위한 간편한 해석방법을 제안하였다. 이러한 적용이 가능한 것은 구조물이 지진력의 작용으로 인하여 손상을 입게 되면 구조물의 항복 후 강성은 연화되고, 이로 말미암아 구조물의 동적 특성이 장주기화 하기 때문이다. 제안된 해석법이 기존의 방법에 비하여 우월한 것은 능력스펙트럼법이 요구하는대로 보유능력곡선과 요구량스펙트럼을 가속도-변위 좌표계로 치환하지 않고서도 비교적 정확한 성능점을 예측할 수 있다는 것이다. 제안된 방법의 타당성은 문헌에서 보이는 정확한 값과의 비교에 의하여 입증하였다.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2011

최근 인구 증가 및 경제성장으로 인한 생활수준의 향상과 더불어 산업의 고도화로 인하여 산업폐기물이 매년 증가 추세에 있다. 그중 우리나라의 하수처리장에서 최종산물로 발생하는 하수슬러지는 하수관거정비 및 하수처리장 건설사업의 지속적인 추진으로 인해 하수슬러지의 양은 매년 크게 증가하고 있지만 슬러지의 직매립 금지와 런던협약 '96 의정서가 발효되면서 폐기물의 해양배출규제가 대폭 강화됨에 따라 하수슬러지의 해양배출이 사실상 어려워지고 있으며, 2012년부터는 하수슬러지 및 축산폐수의 해양배출을 전면 금지할 계획에 있어 매립처분 및 해양 배출을 대체할 경제적이면서 실용적인 감량화 및 재활용기술이 절실히 요구되고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 하수슬러지를 주재료로 사용하고, 지역토사를 혼합재로 사용하면서 복토재 및 쌓기재료로 적합한 혼합 비율을 결정하는 것이다. 적절한 혼합 비율을 결정하기 위해 기본적인 물리적 특성실험, 다짐실험, 일축압축실험, 투수실험을 수행했다. 그 결과 슬러지고화물의 비율이 높을수록 투수 계수가 낮아졌다. 결론적으로 매립지 복토재 상태에 부합하는 최적의 투수 계수는 슬러지 고화물의 혼합비가 13%이거나 그 이상일 때 얻어졌고 쌓기재에 만족하는 슬러지 고화물의 비율은 흙의 종류에 따라 SP일 경우 48% 이하일때, SM일 경우 59% 이하의 비율일 때 충족되었다.