• 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농업기계학회 2003년도 하계 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.309-316
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• 2003

참깨탈곡의 생력기계화를 위해 일관작업이 가능한 참깨탈곡기를 개발하여 시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 타격식 탈곡요인시험 결과 타격수 14, 17cpm에서 탈곡률은 98.5, 98.7%, 미탈곡률은 1.1, 1.0%, 배출구 손실률은 0.4. 0.3%로 가장 양호하게 나타났다. 나. 타격식 탈곡물의 정선요인시험결과 경사 12$^{\circ}$, 요동수 220cpm일 때 탈곡률과 미정선 손실률이 각각 97.2%와 0.6%로 가장 양호하게 나타났다. 다. 타격식 탈곡부와 정선부를 조합한 시작기의 성능시험결과 공급량 15단/min, 타격수 14cpm, 정선체 요동수 220cpm에서 탈곡률은 98.7%, 탈곡부 손실률은 1.3%, 정선율은 97.0%, 미정선 손실률 0.7%로 나타났다. 라. 시작기는 10a당 작업성능이 0.5시간으로 인력 4.8시간에 비해 9.6배 능률적이고 소요경비가 17,471원으로 인력 32,290원에 비해 45.9% 절감되는 것으로 나타났다

• 유기물자원화
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2016

본 연구는 고체연료 가공원료로 사용할 우분을 압착하는 방식을 적용하여 수분을 감소시킨 뒤에 성형가공한 우분 고체연료의 특성을 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 우분을 압착 처리함에 따라 VS/TS 비율 (총 고형물중 휘발성 고형물 비율)과 수분감소 효과가 높아졌다. 젖소 분의 경우 압착처리에 의해 제거되는 수분의 양은 무게를 기준으로 하여 투입분뇨의 21~26% 수준에 해당하였다. 압착에 의해 분리된 침출수의 비중은 약 1.01이었다. 한우 분의 경우에는 수분 제거량이 약 15~20%(w/w) 수준이었고 이때 발생한 탈리액의 비중은 0.99 수준이었다. 탈수된 우분은 고체연료 가공방법 적용에 의해 쉽게 구(공) 모양의 형태로 가공되었다. 가공된 구 모양의 고체연료를 건조하였을 경우 건조효율은 직경이 작은 경우에 그 효율이 더 높게 나타났다. 고체연료로서의 열량 값은 직경 10~15mm 크기로 가공한 고체연료가 본 시험에서 가공된 다른 크기의 직경을 가진 고체연료보다 상대적으로 더 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 이 결과는 섬유질이 많은 우분의 특성상 10~15mm 크기의 가공품에 섬유소가 잘 부착되기 때문인 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.718-731
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• 2018

The beneficial effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been intensively investigated in recent decades with special focus on modulation of the host intestinal microbiota. Numerous discoveries of effective probiotics are driven by a significantly increasing demand for dietary supplements. Consequently, technological advances in the large-scale production and lyophilization are needed by probiotic-related industries for producing probiotic LAB for commercial use. Our study had a dual objective, to determine the optimum growth medium composition and to investigate appropriate cryoprotective additives (CPAs) for Lactobacillus salivarius, and compare its responses with other Lactobacillus species. The one-factor-at-a-time method and central composite design were applied to determine the optimal medium composition for L. salivarius cultivation. The following composition of the medium was established (per liter): 21.64 g maltose, 85 g yeast extract, 1.21 ml Tween 80, 6 g sodium acetate, $0.2g\;MgSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, $0.02g\;MnSO_4{\cdot}H_2O$, $1g\;K_2HPO_4$, $1.5g\;KH_2PO_4$, $0.01g\;FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$, and 1 g sodium citrate. A cryoprotective additive combination comprising 10% (w/v) skim milk and 10% (w/v) sucrose supplemented with 2.5% (w/v) sodium glutamate was selected for L. salivarius, and its effectiveness was confirmed using culture-independent methods in the freeze-dried cells of the Lactobacillus strains. In conclusion, the optimized medium enhanced the species-specific cultivation of L. salivarius. On the other hand, the cryoprotective effects of the selected CPA mixture may also be dependent on the bacterial strain. This study highlights the necessity for precise and advanced processing techniques for large-scale production of probiotics in the food and feed industries.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.253-260
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• 2014

Purpose: This study investigated the harvesting properties of the giant miscanthus (Miscanthus ${\times}$ giganteus) to measure the required mowing power for different stem conditioning methods in order to shorten the drying time after mowing and the bale density so that the crop can be used as biomass in the winter season. Methods: The required mowing power and bale density were measured using a power measurement device, three different mower-conditioners, and a mid-sized round baler under different working speeds and conditioning methods. Results: For the various mower-conditioners, the average stem length from mowing was 0.86-0.91 m, and the available working speed was 1.6 m/s. The steel roller-type mower-conditioner showed better stem conditioning but could not mow over a working speed of 1.6 m/s. The required average power of the mower-conditioners varied from 23.8 kW for the steel roller-type rotary disk mower-conditioner with a working width of 2.4 m to 37.2 kW for the flail-type rotary disk mower-conditioner with a working width of 3.2 m at a working speed of 1.6 m/s. The bale densities were $155.8-172.2kg/m^3$. The highest bale density was measured for stems with no conditioning and a moisture content of 11.3% (d.b.) mowed by the rotary disk mower. The bale density was affected by the mowing method because of the low moisture content of the miscanthus stems. Conclusions: In terms of the working performance and conditioning statue, the steel roller-type mower-conditioner is a better choice at a working width of 2.4 m, while the flail finger-type mower-conditioner is better at a working width of 3.2 m. The type of mower-conditioner used for giant miscanthus harvesting should be determined by considering the harvest area, workable period, and working performance of a mower-conditioner and baler during the winter.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.640-649
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• 2018

본 연구는 빅데이터 분석방법 중 하나인 웹마이닝을 이용하여 사이클웨어의 요구성능 및 착용 현황 및 소비자 감성을 분석하였다. 이를 위해 네이버 카페인 '자전거로 출퇴근하는 사람들'을 대상으로 2006년~2017년 기간 동안 사이클웨어와 관련 있는 게시글과 댓글을 R 패키지를 사용하여 크롤링하였다. 수집된 데이터는 데이터 전처리 과정을 거쳐 선별된 15,321건의 문서를 데이터를 분석에 사용하였다. 추출된 데이터에서 텍스트는 한국어형태소분석기(KoNLP)를 사용하여 키워드를 추출한 후 TDM(Term Document Matrix)과 co-occurrence matrix로 변환하여 키워드별 출현 빈도수와 키워드 간 관계를 계산하였다. 사이클웨어에서 가장 출현빈도수가 높았던 키워드는 '타이츠'로 전문적인 사이클웨어에 대한 높은 관심을 나타내었으나 몸에 달라붙어 착용 시 민망하다는 의견이 많았다. 사이클웨어 '구매'와 관련하여 '가격', '사이즈', '브랜드' 등과 관련이 많았으며 '가격'과 관련하여 '저가'와 '가성비'에 대한 출현빈도수가 높았다. 이것은 최근 고가의 브랜드보다는 가격대비 성능을 만족시키는 실용적인 제품들이 선호되는 경향을 나타내주었다. 사이클웨어에서 소재의 흡한속건성이나 패드의 기능성, 불편함 등에 대한 소재나 디자인 등에 대한 개선이 요구되었다. 이처럼 웹마이닝을 이용하여 사이클웨어에 대한 소비자의 의견을 분석할 수 있었으며 기존의 설문조사와도 유사한 결과를 보여주었다. 그러므로 웹마이닝을 이용하여 소비자의 의견이나 요구사항을 실시간으로 분석하여 제품개발에 반영할 수 있는 객관적 지표로 사용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.4809-4813
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• 2014

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have been reported to interfere with estrogen signaling. Exposure to these chemicals decreases the immune response and causes a wide range of diseases in animals and humans. Recently, many studies showed that licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) root extract (LRE) commonly called "gamcho" in Korea exhibits antioxidative, chemoprotective, and detoxifying properties. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of action of LRE and to determine if and how LRE can alleviate the toxicity of EDCs. LRE was prepared by vacuum evaporation and freeze-drying after homogenization of licorice root powder that was soaked in 80% ethanol for 72 h. We used 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) as a representative EDC, which is known to induce tumors or cancers; MCF-7 breast cancer cells, used as a tumor model, were treated with TCDD and various concentrations of LRE (0, 50, 100, 200, $400{\mu}g/mL$) for 24, 48, and 72 h. As a result, TCDD stimulated MCF-7 cell proliferation, but LRE significantly inhibited TCDD-induced MCF-7 cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The expression of TCDD toxicity-related genes, i.e., aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), AhR nuclear translocator, and cytochrome P450 1A1, was also down-regulated by LRE in a dose-dependent manner. Analysis of cell cycle distribution after treatment of MCF-7 cells with TCDD showed that LRE inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells via G2/M phase arrest. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis also revealed that LRE dose-dependently increased the expression of the tumor suppressor genes p53 and p27 and down-regulated the expression of cell cycle-related genes. These data suggest that LRE can mitigate the tumorigenic effects of TCDD in breast cancer cells by suppression of AhR expression and cell cycle arrest. Thus, LRE can be used as a potential toxicity-alleviating agent against EDC-mediated diseases.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 1979

우리나라 연안수산자원의 효율적인 이용방법을 개발할 목적으로 축육과 유사한 가공적성을 가지는 새로운 형태의 어육단백질농축물을 가공하기 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 백색육어인 명태와 적색육어인 고등어를 원료로 하여 최적가공조건 및 제품의 품질에 관하여 실험하였다. 명태 및 고등어로써 어육단백질농축물을 제조할 때의 최적가공조건은 다음과 같았다. 원료어육의 pH는 7.5, 고기풀제조시의 식염첨가량은 원료어육 중량에 대하여 $1.0\%$, 압출기로 압출한 고기풀의 에틸알코올중 침지시간은 40분, 침지시의 에틸알코올 량은 어육량에 4배, 그때의 에틸알코올 온도는 낮은 온도가 적당하였으며, 에틸알코올중의 침지회수는 4회가 적당하였고, 에틸알코올을 제거하는데는 냉풍건조가 효과적이었다. 원료어육에 대한 제품의 수율은 명태와 고등어가 각각 $19.9\%$ 및 $29.8\%$ 였다. 제품의 단백질함량은 명태가 $84.3\%$, 고등어가 $78.1\%$였으며, 지방함량은 각각 $0.5\%$ 및 $3.6\%$였다. 명태 및 고등어 조직단백질농축물의 필순 아미노 산조성은 우육, 대두조직단백질 및 FAO 표준치와 비교하였을 때 손색이 없었으며, 두 제품 모드 우육과 1:1의 중량비로 혼합하여 맛, 색, 촉감에 손색없이 식품소재로 이용할 수 있다는 결론을 얻었다.

• 공학논문집
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.97-109
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• 2004

CaO의 첨가량에 따라 $CO_2$가스를 불어넣고 반응시간 변화에 따라 용매로 $C_2 H_5 OH$을 사용하여 에틸렌글리콜을 첨가한 CaO-$C_2 H_5 OH$-$CO_2$계의 기.액반응으로부터 비정질 $CaCO_3$의 합성과 결정구조를 전기전도도, X-선회절 및 주사전자현미경으로 조사하였다. 이 반응에서 900ml의 $C_2 H_5 OH$에 에틸렌글리콜 100ml를 첨가하고 CaO의 양을 10~40g으로 하여 $CO_2$가스를 1$\ell$/min의 유속으로 흡입시켜 얻은 합성분말의 겔형 물질을 신속히 여과, 감압하의 $60^{\circ}C$에서 건조하여 1${\mu}m$이하의 구형 vaterite상과 무정형인 비정질 $CaCO_3$을 얻었다. 그리고 비정질 $CaCO_3$의 일부는 중간생성물로서 연쇄형 calcite로 변화하는 것을 알 수 있었고 침강성 $CaCO_3$의 생성보다 먼저 초기 반응생성물은 비정질 $CaCO_3$이었고 이 경우 생성역역은 pH 7-9의 범위로 상당한 영향을 준다. 또한 비정질 $CaCO_3$은 용액 속에서 불안정하여 용해반응으로 인해서 결국 calcite로 결정화한다. 특히 비정질 $CaCO_3$은 CaO-$C_2 H_5 OH$-$CO_2$계의 반응에 의해서 침강되어 생성되거나 또는 gel상으로 된다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.124-139
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• 2000

This study was performed to investigate monoacetylbenzidine(MABZ) and benzidine(BZ) hemoglobin adducts among workers who worked at benzidine based dye manufacturing company, and exposed by benzidine and benzidine based dye. The hemoglobin adducts were compared with work environment assessment result for evaluating the usefulness of biological monitoring. The mean BZ hemoglobin adducts among the first synthesis worker's hemoglobin adducts were $40.69{\mu}gBZ/g$ Hb and those of dry and packing workers were $22.14{\mu}gBZ/g$ Hb. The mean of MABZ hemoglobin adducts among 1st synthesis workers were $255.84{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb, dispersion worker's hemoglobin adducts were $76.17{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb and synthesis worker's hemoglogin adducts were $28.66{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb. Work environment assessment results during past 3 years were $0.0065mg/m^3$ and $0.5659mg/m^3$ of benzidine based dye concentration in ambient air of drying and packing only. Dye producing process was categorized by the possibility of exposure to benzidine and benzidine based dye. BZ and MABZ hemoglobin adducts were $19.55{\mu}gBZ/g$ Hb, $119.80{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb among workers who exposed by benzidine dihydrochloride and $16.32{\mu}gBZ/g$ Hb, $316.56{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb among workers who exposed by benzidine based dye. BZ hemoglobin adducts were not detected among control group and MABZ hemoglobin adducts were $5.33{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb. The differences between control and other exposed group was statistically significant. But there was no statistically significant differences between benzidine dihydrochloride exposed process and benzidine based dye exposed group. BZ and MABZ hemoglobin adducts were $2.23{\mu}gBZ/g$ Hb, $76.17{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb and $3.46{\mu}gBZ/g$ Hb, $21.33{\mu}gMABZ/g$ Hb. So hemoglobin adducts of MABZ were 5 ~ 30 time higher than those of BZ(P<0.003). Above results indicate that work environment assessment didn't detected benzidine and benzidine based dye in ambient air but biological monitoring detected those of hemoglobin adducts. Two group's hemoglobin adducts exposed benzidine dihydrochloride and benzidine based dye were high level but wasn't statistically significant and those were not detected in control group.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.193-213
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phenomenon of attachment and spreading of the cultured rat　calvarial cell inoculated on their surface of different kinds of biodegradable membrane which had been used on tissue regeneration on periodontal defects by using scanning electron microscope. In this experiment 30 Sprague-Dawley male rats (mean BW 150gm) were used to harvest abundant number of cell in the short period. The rats were sacrificed by decapitatioan to obtain the calvaria for bone cell culture. Calvarial cells were cultured with Dulbecco's Modified Essential Medium contained with 10% Fetal Bovine Serum under the conventional conditions. Biodegradable barrier membrane were collected with collagen type, and were divided into 3 different kind of surface such as scattered, polarized and fine-net type as their surface texture. Microcover plate which usually used for cell culture was used as control for smooth surface. All the membrane were seeded with cultured calvarial cell on their surface. The number of cell inoculated on the membrane were $1{\times}10^6$ Cells/ml. After the culture as designed time, all the membrane were washed with 0.1 M Phosphate Buffered saline and fuxed with 2.5% Glutaraldehyde. And all specimen were treated with $OsO_4$, and Tannic acid before drying the cell for coating the cell with gold. Scanning Electron Microscope was used to observation. The following results were obtained. I. During the whole period of experiment, the phenomenon of cell attachment and spreading were revealed similar pattern to compare with smooth surface culture plate and ordinary culture dish. 2. The shape of cell attachment and spreading on the surface of barrier membrane were observed no remarked difference pattern between smooth surface culture plate and ordinary culture dish. 3. The cytoplasmic process of cultured calvaria cell extent to the deep portion of barrier membrane like as their own proper shape. 4. There were no remarkable relationships between the degree of cultured cell spreading and surface structure of barrier membrane. 5. Slight starified layer of cultured calvaria cell were observed on the scattered type of resorbable membrane, Conclusively, this study thus suggest that cultured bone cell inoculated onto the biodegradable barrier membrane may have an important role of carrier for many cell which could be used as new tissue regeneration, and those tissue engeering technique may become an new method in the approach to the repair of bone defects.