• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.384-393
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• 2021

Recently, due to environmental and toxicity issues, there has been increasing attention on research regarding natural products that can reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. Wood extracts derived from the biorefining process contain various fertilizer ingredients. HPLC analysis revealed that wood extract contains approximately 5.2% hemicellulosic sugar. The growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) upon treatment with wood extract (extract obtained from steam-exploded pine) or water-soluble fertilizers containing different nutrients was analyzed in this study. After two weeks, the growth characteristics of lettuce as affected by wood extract or water-soluble fertilizers were significantly different. The effect of water-soluble fertilizers containing ascorbic acid, magnesium sulfate, citric acid, potassium nitrate, amino acids, or seaweed extract was less desirable than that of wood extracts regarding plant height (18.6 cm), number of leaves (10), leaf length (14.1 cm), shoot fresh wight (9.8 g/plant), root fresh weight (0.8 g/plant) and shoot dry weight (0.6 g/plant). The plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, shoot fresh wight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight of water-soluble fertilizers containing wood extract were significantly different compared to the control (plant height :13.5 cm, number of leaves : 7, leaf length : 9.4 cm, shoot fresh wight : 5.3 g/plant, root fresh weight : 0.7 g/plant, shoot dry weight : 0.4 g/plant, root dry weight : 0.07 g/plant). From these results, it was concluded that wood extract can be used as a potential water-soluble fertilizer to increase the yield of leafy vegetables.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.299-303
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• 2009

넓은잎큰조롱의 두둑높이에 따른 생산성 및 품질향상을 위하여 재배법 확립의 기초자료로 제공하고자 두둑높이를 달리하여 2005년부터 3년간 시험한 결과, 만장, 엽장, 엽폭, 엽수, 엽록소함량, 경엽 건물중은 두둑높이가 높을수록 양적인 증가를 가져왔으나, 경태와 분지수는 두둑높이가 낮을수록 굵거나, 많은 경향이었다. 근수와 근장은 두둑높이 20 cm까지는 두둑높이가 높을수록 많거나, 길었으나, 20 cm 이상의 두둑높이에서는 생육량이 감소하였으며, 근태는 두둑높이가 낮을수록 굵어지는 경향이었다. 비상품근 중 세근은 두둑높이 20 cm에서 다소 많았으며, 부패근은 두둑높이가 낮을수록 많은 경향이었고, 근수량은 두둑높이 20 cm내지 30 cm 까지는 두둑높이가 높을수록 증수되어 두둑높이 10 cm의 515 kg/10a 대비 3%, 11% 증수되었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.217-224
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• 2001

In order to identify the growth characterization, the yield and chemical composition of Jeju barnyard grass (Echinochloa crusgalli var. fiurnentacea(Roxb) Wight) based on seeding date in Jeju region, seeding carried out the 10-day intervals from March 27 to September 30 in 2000, respectively. Plant height was 143.2 cm, showing the highest on seeding date, April 6 among that of any other seeding date. On the other hand, those of early and late seeding gradually decrease. Plant height was 119.2 an in May 16 seeding. The results of stem diameter, number of withering leaves, number of leaves and fresh weight per plant were similar to those of the plant heights. The yield of fresh, dry matter forage, crude protein and TDN found the highest on April 6 seeding, 63.5 MT/ha, 13.9 MTha, 1.1 MT/ha, and 7.6 MT/ha, respectively. In early and late seeding, the yield was gradually decreased. In seeding May 16, the yield found .38.2 MTIha in fresh forage, 6.2 MTha in dry matter forage, 0.7 MT/ha in crude protein and 3.7 MTha in TDN, respectively. According to delaying the seeding date, March 27 to May 16, the contents of crude protein (from 7.9 to 10.8%), ether extract (from 4.6 to 6.0%), nitrogen free extract (from 45.1 to 46.5%), and TDN (from 54.2 to 60.8%) were gradually increased, respectively. On the other hand, those of crude fiber (from 28.9 to 25.6%) and crud ash (from 13.5 to 11.2%) were decreased. These results showed that April 6 was the optimum seeding date with the sole object of feed production of Jeju barnyard grass under the environmental condition like as atmospheric phenomena and soil in Jeju region. (Key words : Jeju barnyard grass, Seeding date, Forage yield, Chemical composition)

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.458-464
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• 1994

콩 유전자형간 상호접목을 통하여 지상부 생육과 콩깍지에 대한 종실건물중 비율에 미치는 영향을 비교 검토하고자, 꼬투리의 비대가 충실한 백운콩과 수원 158호, 꼬투리 크기에 비하여 종실건물축적이 불량한 수집검정콩 강릉재래 및 금릉재래를 공시하여, 자가접목 및 4개 유전자형간 상호접목을 한 후 이식재배시험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 지상부의 생육정도와 콩깍지 및 종실건물중은 지상부 유전자형간 유의적인 차이가 인정되었으나, 지하부 유전자형간 차이가 없었다. 2. 백립중 및 꼬투리에 대한 종실건물중 비율도 지상부 유전자형에 의하여 결정되기 때문에, 상대적으로 양분흡수와 밀접한 관련이 있는 지하부 유전자형과는 관계가 적었다. 3. 접목된 개체들의 콩깍지 건물중과 콩깍지에 대한 종실건물 비율은 유의적인 부의 상관관계를 나타내고 있어, 콩깍지 건물중이 클수록 콩깍지에 대한 종실건물 비율이 낮아지는 경향이었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.110-115
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• 2004

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of light intensities on the growth responses, carbohydrate contents and the characteristics of leaf gas exchange in Miscanthus sinensis and Pennisetum purpurascens. The plant height and leaf length were increased to about 30% in the sun. However, those were reduced severely in the shade, and leaf necrosis was also observed. The representative growth index and the dry weight of 2 species were 50% higher than shade and the rate was reduced according to the decrease of light intensities. Total carbohydrate contents showed very similar changes to that of dry weight. However, any notable influences were observed at above the light intensities of 250~500${\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ in the half shade. The size of spikes and the earliest spiking appeared in the sun and the spike color was decolorized as decreased in light intensities, irrespective of species. Photosynthetic rate of 2 species was 2 times higher in the sun than those in the shade, and it showed the typical photoresponses of sun plant. Stomatal conductances and intercelluar $CO_2$ concetration showed similar changes to that of photosynthetic rate. On the contrary, vapor pressure deficit was increased more in the shade than in the sun.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.69-73
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• 2008

넓은잎큰조롱의 경운깊이에 따른 생산성 및 품질향상을 위한 구명하기 위하여 경운깊이를 달리하여 2005년부터 2년간 시험한 결과, 만장은 경운깊이가 얕을수록 길어 경운깊이가 30 cm 일 때 685 cm 인데 비하여 경운깊이 10 cm 일 때 59 cm 가 더 길었으며, 경태와 건물중도 같은 경향으로 굵거나 무거웠다. 엽장, 엽폭, 엽중은 경운깊이가 얕을수록 양적인 생육을 보였으나, 엽록소 함량은 경운깊이가 깊을수록 증가하였다. 근수와 근장은 경운깊이가 깊을수록 많거나 길어지는 경향이었으나, 근태와 부패근은 경운깊이가 얕을수록 굵거나 많은 경향이었고, 근수량은 경운깊이가 깊을수록 많은 경향으로 경운깊이가 10 cm 일 때 $622\;kg/1000m^2$인데 비하여 20 cm 이상으로 경운할 때 $7{\sim}9%$ 증수되었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.328-333
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• 1990

재식밀도가 수도의 부위별 건물의 배분에 미치는 영향을 검토하고자 통일계인 삼강벼와 일반계인 추청벼를 1988년 5월 30일과 6월 15일에 3.3$m^2$당 72주, 90주 및 120주로 이항재배하여 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 공시품종 다같이 출수 20일전과 출수기의 단위면적당 총건물중은 5월 30일 이앙이 6월 15일 이앙보다 많았으며, 두 이앙기 모두 재식밀도가 높아질수록 건물중이 증가하였는데, 부위별 건물중의 변화도 총건물중과 같은 경향이었다. 2. 주당 총건물중 및 부위별 건물중도 5월 30일 이앙보다는 6월 15일 이앙에서 낮았으나, 단위면적당의 경우와는 달리 재식밀도가 높아질수록 감소하였다. 3. 동일한 이앙기와 재식밀도에서 엽신, 엽소 및 간의 건물중은 두 품종간에 차이가 적었으나, 삼강벼는 수중이 무거워서 총건물중이 추청벼보다 많았다. 4. 두 품종 모두 부위별 건물배분율은 이앙기나 재배밀도에 관계없이 생육시기별로 거의 일정하였다. 5. 이앙기와 재배밀도를 종합한 부위별 평균 건물배분율을 가지고 추정한 시기별 각 부위의 건물중은 실측한 건물중과 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.245-249
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• 1998

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.), mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilcz.], cowpea [V. unguiculata (L.) Walp.], adzuki bean [V. angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi], maize [Zea mays L.], sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench], sorghum $\times$ sudangrass [So bicolor intraspecific hybrid], and Japanese millet [Echinochloa crusgalli var. frumentacea (Link) W.F. Wight] were grown at two planting dates (18 June and 15 July) at Cheju in 1997 to select the best forage legumes adapted to Cheju Island for grass-legume forage rotation. Averaged across planting dates and cultivars, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), and total digestible nutrient (TDN) yields were 5,646, 1,056, and 3,637 kg/ha for soybean, 4,458, 676, and 2,661 kg/ha for mungbean, 3,289, 553, and 2,055 kg/ha for cowpea, 3,931, 674, and 2,489 kg/ha for adzuki bean, 12,695, 969, and 7,642 kg/ha for maize, 17,071, 1,260, and 8,857 kg/ha for sorghum, 16,355, 1,163, and 8,543 kg/ha for sorghum $\times$ sudangrass hybrid, and 8,288, 929, and 4,091 kg/ha for Japanese millet. Soybean was higher in CP, ether extract (EE), and TON content but was lower in nitrogen free extract content compared with the three other legumes. The legumes had much higher CP (13.7 to 21.9%), EE (2.42 to 6.23%), and TDN (58.7 to 69.9%) content but lower in crude fiber (CF) content (17.3 to 25.3%) than did the grasses tested except maize which had relatively lower CF content but higher TDN content. These results suggest that soybean could be the best forage legume for grass-legume forage rotation in the Cheju region.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권12호
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• pp.1768-1773
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• 2016

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of variety and planting year on the nutritive values of corn fed to growing pigs. Four corn varieties examined in this experiment were planted in the same village located in Longhua County, Heibei Province, China, in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively. During each year, corn was hand-harvested in early October and sun dried to about 14% moisture content. Three batches of twenty-four barrows ($33.27{\pm}4.30$, $31.88{\pm}2.93$, $34.21{\pm}3.81kg$ body wight [BW] in 2012, 2013, and 2014, respectively) were used and allotted to a complete block design with 4 diets and 6 replicate pigs per diet. Pigs were individually placed in metabolic crates. The four experimental diets were formulated by mixing each variety of corn and vitamins and minerals, respectively. A five-day collection period followed a seven-day diet acclimation period. The results indicated that variety of corn significantly influenced the available energy content (digestible energy [DE] on dry matter basis, p<0.05; metabolizable energy (ME) on dry matter basis, p<0.05, respectively), and the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of organic matter (p<0.01), dry matter (p<0.05), gross energy (p<0.05), neutral detergent fiber (p<0.01), acid detergent fiber and ether extract (p<0.05). The planting year also significantly influenced the available energy contents (DE on dry matter basis, p<0.05; ME on dry matter basis, p<0.01, respectively) and the ATTD of neutral detergent fiber (p<0.01), acid detergent fiber (p<0.01), crude protein (p<0.01), and ether extract (p<0.01). No interaction was observed between the variety and planting year in DE and ME contents in corn. In conclusion, the variety and planting year significantly influenced the available energy and nutrient digestibility of corn fed to growing pigs.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2001

본 시험은 제주피의 적정 파종량을 구명하기 위하여 2000년 4월 16일에 ha당 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40kg에 해당하는 량을 조파하여 2000년 6월 28일(1차 예취)과 8월 30일(2차 예취)에 생육특성, 사초수량, 사료성분 등을 조사하였다. 초장은 15kg/ha 파종구에서 155.5cm였던 것이 파종량이 35kg/ha으로 증가함에 따라 162cm로 커졌으나, 그 이상 파종량을 증가할수록 작아져서 40kg/ha 파종구에서는 152.7cm였다. 경직경. 엽수, 마디수 및 개체당 무게는 파종량이 많을수록 감소하였다. 파종량이 15kg/ha에서 35kg/ha로 증가됨에 따라 생초수량은 61.0MT/ha에서 73.0MT/ha로, 건물 수량은 11.9MT/ha에서 16.9MT/ha로, 단백질 수량은 0.9MT/ha에서 1.6MT/ha로, TDN수량은 6.1MT/ha에서 9.7MT/ha로 증가되었다가 그 이상으로 파종량을 증가시킬수록 감소되었다. 파종량이 15kg/ha에서 40kg/ha으로 증가함에 따라 조단백질 함량은 7.4%에서 10.4%로 조지방 함량은 3.3%에서 5.2%로, 가용무질소물 함량은 46.4%에서 47.8%로 TDN함량은 52.1%에서 60.4%로 증가되었으나, 조섬유함량은 30.3%에서 27.6%로 조회분 함량은 12.7%에서 9.0%로 감소되었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 사초수량을 최고로 올릴 수 있는 파종량은 35kg/ha로 추정할 수 있었다.