• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.253-258
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• 2019

Several materials are used to design the sorbents applied in a fast-fluidized bed process for post-combustion $CO_2$ capture. In this study, $K_2CO_3$-based dry sorbent (KMC) was prepared by using Micro-cell C (MCC), one of the materials used to design the sorbent, and then its $CO_2$ sorption and regeneration properties were evaluated. KMC sorbent showed a low $CO_2$ capture capacity of 21.6 mg $CO_2/g$ sorbent, which is about 22% of the theoretical value (95.4 mg $CO_2/g$ sorbent) even at 1 cycle, and showed a low $CO_2$ capture capacity of 13.7 mg $CO_2/g$ sorbent at 5 cycles. It was confirmed that the KMC sorbent was deactivated due to the formation of a $K_2Ca$ $(CO_3)_2$ phase, resulting from the reaction of the $K_2CO_3$ with the Ca component contained in the MCC. In order to solve the deactivation of sorbent, and KM8 sorbent was prepared by adding the process of calcining the MCC at $850^{\circ}C$. The KM8 sorbent showed a high $CO_2$ capture capacity of 95.2 mg $CO_2/g$ sorbent and excellent regeneration property. Thus, it was confirmed that the deactivation of the sorbent could be solved by adding the calcining step to remove the side reaction causing material.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2007

The aim of this study is to research applicable possibility or Dry Sorbent Injection Technique(DSI) in sox removal process using Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) software package. It will be applied for 500MW in capacity coal-fired thermal power plant operated by South Korea N. Power Co., Ltd. The DSI process is adapted between a preheater and an EP process in the technological assembly. The numerical analysis performs in predicting and optimizing of DSI process's characteristics, which consists of structure of duct, position of injection nozzles, injection speed, and dispersion of sorbent. Computing results are shown that degree of sorbent dispersion depends on structure of duct and position of injection nozzles strongly. The highest dispersion efficiency was obtained when we set a Lobed-plate inside the duct and 6 injection nozzles on the duct(4 injection nozzles at the corners and 2 injection nozzles on upper and under walls as a rectangle duct shape). We also know that change of injection speed of sorbent doesn't have an large effect on the sorbent dispersion but it can effect to drop pressure.

• Clean Technology
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.179-187
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• 2003

The technology of fluidized bed to use dry sorbent can be new technology that reduce the operating cost and make efficient operation. Therefore, this study investigated $CO_2$ control by dry sorbents with operating variables in a fluidized bed, compared with fixed bed for $CO_2$ adsorption capacity and pressure drop, and presented the $CO_2$ adsorption capacity of activated carbon, molecular sieve 5A, molecular sieve 13X, and activated alumina. As the results of this study, the basic data could be achieved for operation of fluidized bed process, and fluidized bed process presented relatively high $CO_2$ adsorption capacity and low pressure drop with the increase of gas velocity. In addition, molecular sieve 5A showed 1.1~3.0-fold later breakthrough point and 1.1~2.7-fold higher adsorption capacity than the other dry sorbents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.225-233
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• 2008

Accoring to the worldwide interest to control CO$_2$ which contributes to global warming 50%, new techniques to reduce CO$_2$ are under development. Therefore, this study investigated that CO$_2$ absorption/regeneration of Sodium-based dry sorbent and the effect of SO$_2$ concentration in the fixed bed reactor. The dry sorbents were prepared in the condition of different PVA contents and calcination temperatures. As the results of this study, BET surface area showed 832.79 m$^2$/g and SEM result showed possibility as dry sorbent due to having of much micropore distribution. Also, the fixed bed reactor showed decreased CO$_2$ absorption capacity with SO$_2$ injection, because of the generation of $Na_2SO_3$ and $Na_2SO_4$.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.107-113
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• 2011

In this research, we described the experimental results for the improvement of Potassium based sorbents. These sorbents have been actually used in the 0.5 MW $CO_2$ capture plant located in Hadong #3 Power Plant. Firstly, we had shaped two kinds of sorbents using a spray dryer. These sorbents applied magnetite & copper oxide as an additive. And the magnetite sorbent was evaluated more excellent relatively in the attrition index. Secondly, We had obtained TGA multicycle experimental results of the improved Potassium based sorbent which applied magnetite as an additive. Consequently, $CO_2$ sorption capacity had been sustained 5.5 wt% after 2nd cycle and attrition index was very excellent as 0.5%. Finally, we had investigated the characteristics of the sorbent following in properties of supporters. As a result, the sorption capacity of the KMO sorbent used base material as a supporter was appeared as 7.2 wt%.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.289-297
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• 2015

As recognized by all scientific and industrial groups, carbon dioxide($CO_2$) capture and storage(CCS) could play an important role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Especially carbon capture technology by dry sorbent is considered as a most energy-efficient method among the existing CCS technologies. Patent analysis has been considered to be a necessary step for identifying technological trend and planning technology strategies. This paper is aimed at identifying evolving technology trend and key indicators of dry sorbent from the objective information of patents. And technology map of key patents is also presented. In this study the patents applied in korea, japan, china, canada, US, EU from 1993 to 2013 are analyzed. The result of patent analysis could be used for R&D and policy making of domestic CCS industry.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2010

This paper addresses recent status and trends of carbon dioxide capture technologies using dry sorbents in the flue gas. The advantages of dry sorbent $CO_2$ capture technology are broader operating temperature range, less energy loss, less waste water, less corrosion problem, and natural properties of solid wastes. Recently, U.S.A. and Korea have been developing processes capturing $CO_2$ from real coal flue gas as well as sorbents improving sorption capacity to decrease total $CO_2$ capture cost. New class of dry sorbents have been developed such as chemisorbents with alkali metals of which material cost is low, amines physically adsorbed on silica supports, amines covalently tethered to the silica support, carbon-supported amines, polymer-supported amines, amine-containing solid organic resins and metal-organic framework. The breakthrough is needed in the materials on dry sorbents to decrease capture cost.

• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2009

This study carried out numerical analysis of flow field of combustion gas and sorbent to test sorbent efficiency of DSI process. To provide rapid mixing for increase utilization rate of sorbent, streamwise vorticity can be introduced into the flowing streams by other means; for example, by installing vortex generators immediately downstream of the wavy trailing edge. Computing results show that the degree of sorbent dispersion depends strongly on duct structure. Highest dispersion efficiency received when vortex generator was installed inside of duct. The results presented in this study a optimum condition for the development of practical DSI process.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.537-541
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• 2005

A bubbling fluidized bed reactor was used to study $CO_2$ capture from flue gas using a sodium-based dry regenerable sorbent, sorbA which was manufactured by Korea Electric Power Research Institute. A dry sorbent, sorbA, consists of $Na_2CO_3$ for absorption and supporters for mechanical strength. $CO_2$ capture was effective in the lower temperature range of $50-70^{\circ}C$, while regeneration occurred in the range of $120-300^{\circ}C$. To increase initial $CO_2$ removal, some amount of steam was absorbed in the sorbents before injecting simulated flue gas. It was possible to remove most $CO_2$ for 1-2 minutes at $50^{\circ}C$ and residence time of 2 seconds with steam pretreatment. Little or no reduction in initial reaction rate and capture capacity was observed in multicycle tests. The carbonated and regenerated sorbent samples were analyzed by NMR to confirm the extent of reaction. The results obtained in this study can be used as basic data for the scale-up design and operation of the $CO_2$ capture process with two fluidized bed reactors.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.547-553
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• 2013

This paper investigates the effect of coal-fired fly ash on dry $CO_2$ sorbents as the supports and additives. For this purpose, various kinds of dry sorbent were manufactured by mixing fly-ash, the primary $CO_2$ absorption components (NaOH and CaO) and water with their different combination. Thereafter, their $CO_2$ absorption performance and the property were analyzed. As a result, variation of absorption efficiency and temperature as well as $CO_2$ desorption of the sorbents are confirmed, which may be primarily ascribed to fly-ash addition to the sorbents. Particularly, fly-ash effect is strongly measured in the sorbent manufactured by mixing all four components (named WNCF sorbents). Absorption efficiency of WNCF sorbents at $550^{\circ}C$ is 35.6% higher than that of flyash free sorbent and desorption is solely observed in WNCF sorbents. Fly-ash in WNCF sorbents leads to increase the dispersity of $CO_2$ absorption components and decrease their particle size in the sorbents. In addition, fly-ash is used as the supports and pozzolanic reaction is hindered by NaOH in WNCF sorbent. Furthermore, $CO_2$ desorption from the sorbents may be due to fly-ash. The interaction between fly-ash and $CO_2$ absorption components substantially attenuate the strength between captured $CO_2$ in CaO and NaOH.