• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제32권10호
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• pp.1307-1314
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• 2022

In this study, we sought to investigate the various characteristics of Salmonella spp. isolated from raw chicken meats available in Korean markets. The data collected, such as food source of isolation, sampling information, serotype, virulence, and genetic profile including sequence type, were registered in the database for further comparative analysis of the strains isolated from the traceback investigation samples. To characterize serotype, virulence and gene sequences, we examined 113 domestically distributed chicken meat samples for contamination with Salmonella spp. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted on 24 strains (21.2%) of Salmonella isolated from 113 commercially available chicken meats and by-products, using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Serotyping of the isolated Salmonella spp. revealed S. Enteritidis in 11 strains (45.8%), S. Virchow in 6 strains (25%), S. Montevideo in 2 strains (8.3%), S. Bsilla in 2 strains (8.3%), S. Bareilly in 1 strain (4.2%), S. Dessau in 1 strain (4.2%), and S. Albany in 1 strain (4.2%). The genetic correlation indicated that 24 isolated strains were classified into 18 clusters with a genetic similarity of 64.4-100% between them. Eleven isolated S. Enteritidis strains were classified into 9 genotypes with a sequence identity of 74.4%, whereas the most distantly related S. Virchow was divided into five genotypes with 85.9% identity. Here, the MLST analysis indicated that the major Sequence Type (ST) of the Salmonella spp. isolated from domestic chicken sold in Chungcheong Province belongs to the ST 11 and 16, which differs from the genotype of Salmonella isolated from imported chicken. The differential sequence characteristics can be a genetic marker for identifying causative bacteria for epidemiological investigations of food poisoning.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제47권5호
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• pp.556-560
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• 2015

본 연구는 다류 중 천연으로 카페인을 함유하고 있는 식물성 원료를 중심으로 천연유래 카페인, 테오브로민, 테오필린 함유량을 조사하였다. 물을 이용하여 환류냉각 방식으로 추출하였으며, 추출액은 SPE (C18 카트리지)를 이용하여 정제하는 전처리 방법을 확립하였다. 분석방법의 유효성 검증을 위하여 직선성, 검출한계, 정량한계, 회수율 등을 측정하여 HPLC를 이용한 동시 분석법의 유효성을 확인하였다. 확립된 방법으로 다류 중 천연유래 카페인 함량을 측정하기 위하여 228건의 시료를 수거하여 분석한 결과 카페인은 5.4-58.2 mg/g의 범위로 검출되었으며, 테오브로민은 ND-11.2 mg/g의 범위로 검출되었고 테오필린은 ND-0.7 mg/g의 범위로 검출되었다. 본 연구결과를 통하여 다류 중 천연유래 카페인, 테오브로민과 테오필린 함유량을 확인 할 수 있었으며 그 결과를 바탕으로 식품 중 카페인의 천연유래 여부 판단 시 근거자료로 활용될 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.388-394
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• 2010

Metabolomics aims at the comprehensive, qualitative and quantitative analysis of wide arrays of endogenous metabolites in biological samples. It has shown particular promise in the area of toxicology and drug development, functional genomics, system biology and clinical diagnosis. In this study, analytical technique of MS instrument with high resolution mass measurement, such as time-of-flight (TOF) was validated for the purpose of investigation of amino acids, sugars and fatty acids. Rat urine and serum samples were extracted by selected each solvent (50% acetonitrile, 100% acetonitrile, acetone, methanol, water, ether) extraction method. We determined the optimized liquid chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC/TOFMS) system and selected appropriated columns, mobile phases, fragment energy and collision energy, which could search 17 metabolites. The spectral data collected from LC/TOFMS were tested by ANOVA. Obtained with the use of LC/TOFMS technique, our results indicated that (1) MS and MS/MS parameters were optimized and most abundant product ion of each metabolite were selected to be monitorized; (2) with design of experiment analysis, methanol yielded the optimal extraction efficiency. Therefore, the results of this study are expected to be useful in the endogenous metabolite fields according to validated SOP for endogenous amino acids, sugars and fatty acids.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.569-579
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between drug dosage calculation error prevention competence and medication safety organizational climate. Methods: We surveyed 207 nurses from 15 hospitals. An assessment survey was designed to assess the medication safety organizational climate which consisted of four subcategories including medication safety cultures, medication safety initiatives, medication error communication, and medication error management competence. The drug dosage calculation error prevention competence contains two subcategories; Dosage calculation habits and ability. The data were collected from July to August 2011. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, partial Pearson correlation coefficient, canonical correlation were used. Results: Organizational climate was related to dosage calculation error prevention competence with two significant canonical variables. The first canonical correlation coefficient was .53 (Wilks' ${\lambda}$=0.71, df=8, p<.001) and that of the second was .21 (Wilks' ${\lambda}$=0.96, df=3, p=.027). The first variate indicated higher perception of medication safety cultures, safety initiatives, error communication and error management competence were related to better dosage calculation habits. The second variate showed higher perception of medication safety cultures and lower medication error management competence were related to higher calculation ability. Conclusion: Continuous supporting strategies for medication safety organizational climate should be implemented to improve drug dosage calculation habits.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.133-146
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• 2021

In the field of food and drug, the role of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety is becoming more important for national and public safety as well as national development and improvement of public welfare. Food and drug statistics are being used to determine the priorities and directions of policy for the promotion of public health and the development of the health industry. This study focuses on statistics from the MFDS. Through the analysis of the MFDS's statistics, the current status of the MFDS's production statistics was identified, and the survey of utilization and satisfaction of the MFDS's statistics was conducted on food and drug experts who actually use the statistics of the MFDS. In order to identify problems of the MFDS statistics, environmental factors affecting the MFDS statistics were derived, and the priorities of improvement tasks for its statistics were identified using AHP and IPA. In addition, the current situation of the statistical system, which serve as the basic coordinate for the establishment and execution of domestic food and drug policies, was identified and implications were provided.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.122-127
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• 2023

Background: This study was aimed to identify the safety signals of metoclopramide in Korea Adverse Event Reporting System (KAERS) database by proportionality analysis methods. Methods: The study was conducted using Korea Institute of Drug Safety and Risk Management-Korea Adverse Event Reporting System Database (KIDS-KD) reported from January 2013 to December 2017 through KAERS. Signals of metoclopramide that satisfied the data-mining indices of proportional reporting ratio (PRR), reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information component (IC) were defined. The detected signals were checked whether they included in drug labels in the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS), U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Micromedex^®. Results: A total number of drug AE reports associated with all drugs of data in this study was 2,665,429. Among them, the number of AE reports associated with metoclopramide was 22,583. Forty-two meaningful signals of metoclopramide were detected that satisfied with the criteria of data-mining indicies. Especially neurological signals including extrapyramidal reactions, represented in the safety letter of regulatory agencies were identified in this study. Conclusion: Neurological signals of metoclopramide including extrapyramidal reactions were detected. It is believed that this search for signals can contribute to ensuring safety in the use of metoclopramide.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.173-177
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 일시적으로 관절염 증상 완화에 효과가 있는 건강기능식품인 Rosa Canina L.의 지표성분인 hyperoside를 분석하였다. 국내 외 분석법과 저널들을 참고하여 hyperoside의 HPLC 분석법을 확립하였다. Hyperoside의 HPLC 분석법은 이동상과 컬럼에 대한 실험을 통하여 Capcell Pak $C_{18}$ MG II 컬럼으로 353 nm으로 설정하였다. 시험 분석법 검증은 hyperoside에 대한 직선성, 정확성, 정량한계(LOQ) 및 정밀성을 수행하였다. Hyperoside은 $2{\sim}60{\mu}g/mL$ 농도에서 우수한 직선성($R^2=0.999$)을 나타내었다. 정확성의 회수율은 98~99%로 관찰되었으며, LOQ는 $0.393{\mu}g/mL$으로 나타났고, 재현성에 대한 정밀성은 상대표준편차가 0.6~2.6%로 관찰되었다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2013

Medical errors such as adverse drug event, improper transfusion, wrong-site surgery, mistaken patient identity and so on commonly occur at health care practice. Information technology, like Drug Utilization Review(DUR) system which reviews, analyzes, and interprets medication data when prescribing, can play a key role in reducing such medical errors and improving patient safety. Korean Government has guided all hospitals to implement concurrent DUR(cDUR) system, which is the first case worldwide in that all healthcare providers have to use cDUR system when prescribing. This paper introduced a case study that a tertiary hospital has integrated the cDUR system into its comprehensive Hospital Information System(HIS) and analyzed the whole prescription data during a week right after adoption of cDUR system. Considering technical strength and weakness, the cDUR system was integrated into the HIS, using Broker Servers for minimizing doctors' anxiety. As the quantitative analysis of the whole prescription data, DUR conflict events, which mainly included duplicate medications and contra-indicated drug interactions for outpatients, were 2.77%. Although only 0.7% is for the contra-indicated drug interactions, it will be greatly devoted to achieve the purpose of DUR such as improving patient safety.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.181-184
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• 2011

Screening of estrogenic activity on dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT), dichloro diphenyl dichloro ethylene (DDE), dieldrin, heptachlor, aldrin, chlordane, lindane, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and parabens was compared using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) test guideline 455 (TG455). The estrogenic activity of DDT was 58,000-fold ($PC_{50}$, $1.67{\times}10^{-6}$ M) less than $17{\beta}$-estradiol($E_2$) ($PC_{50}$, $2.88{\times}10^{-11}$ M) but DDE, dieldrin, heptachlor, aldrin, chlordane, lindane and PBDE did not show any estrogenic activity in this assay system. In the case of paraben compounds, the rank of relative transcriptional activation (logRTA) was butyl paraben -1.63752 ($PC_{50}$, $1.25{\times}10^{-7}$ M) > isobutyl paraben -2.34008 ($PC_{50}$, $6.3{\times}10^{-7}$ M) > ethyl paraben -2.64016 ($PC_{50}$, $1.26{\times}10^{-6}$ M) > isopropyl paraben -2.73993 ($PC_{50}$, $1.58{\times}10^{-6}$ M) > propyl paraben -2.84164 ($PC_{50}$, $2.0{\times}10^{-6}$ M). Our data suggest that OECD test guideline TG455 may be useful as a screening tool for potential endocrine disruptors.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.111-118
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• 2014

Drugs may cause adverse effects, and spontaneous adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports have been used as the main method of drug safety evaluation after drugs have been released. The World Health Organization (WHO) collects ADR data reported from pharmacovigilance organizations in each nations. In China, pharmacovigilance centers operate with hierarchical structure at local, provincial and national levels. Also, Japan and Korea each operate their own respective independent pharmacovigilance organizations. WHO is collecting ADR reports for herbal medicine and 15~20% of all ADRs was related to herbal medicine in China. There are status reports of ADRs for herbal medicine in Japan as well. However, in Korea, there is no ADR reporting system regarding herbal medicine. In light of these overseas cases, a spontaneous ADR reporting system for herbal medicine in Korea should be necessary as well.