• 제목/요약/키워드: Droplet Infection Prevention

검색결과 9건 처리시간 0.022초

요양병원 종사자들의 비말감염 예방 활동과 기침예절 지식 비교 (Comparison of Droplet Infection Prevention Activity and Knowledge of Cough Etiquette among Nursing Hospital Workers)

  • 박경혜;강숙
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.360-369
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    • 2020
  • 본 연구는 요양병원 종사자들의 비말감염 예방 활동과 기침예절 지식을 비교하기 위해 시행되었다. 대상자는 A시의 3개 요양병원 종사자 177명이었다(의료인: 간호사 61명, 비의료인: 간호조무사와 요양보호사 116명). 자료는 2019년 3월 4일부터 29일까지 구조화된 질문지를 이용하여 수집되었다. 자료분석방법은 x2-test, Fisher exact test, independent t-test, ANOVA를 이용하였다. 분석결과, 의료인과 비의료인의 일반적 특성은 성별과 연령에서 두 집단간 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 의료인과 비의료인의 비말감염 예방 활동은 평상 시 티슈 휴대, 평상 시 손수건 휴대, 평상시 마스크 휴대, 호흡기 증상 시 손수건 휴대, 손씻기 횟수, 기침예절 준수에서 통계적으로 두 집단 간 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 기침예절 지식은 통계적으로 두 집단 간 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 비의료인의 비말감염 예방 활동에 따른 기침 예절 지식 정도의 차이에서 평상 시 마스크 휴대, 기침예절 교육 유무에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 본 연구를 통해 요양병원 종사자별로 기침예절에 관한 지식을 높이고 기침예절의 습관화를 위한 전략 마련이 필요하다.

병원 간호사의 중동호흡기증후군 격리 지침에 대한 지식과 수행도 (Knowledge and Practice of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Isolation Precaution among Hospital Nurses)

  • 김선주;송라윤
    • 기본간호학회지
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    • 제25권1호
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    • pp.46-57
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: The purposes of the study were to examine the knowledge and practice about Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) isolation precaution, and to explore influencing factors of the isolation practice among hospital nurses. Methods: A total of 182 nurses were recruited from four general hospitals where MERS patients had been treated. The knowledge and practice of MERS isolation precaution were measured by the scales developed based on the CDC guidelines. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS/WIN 22 with descriptive statistics, T-test, One-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierachical multiple regression analysis. Results: The nurses were 30 years old in average, and half of them had less than 5 years of clinical experience. and knowledge on droplet precautions (${\beta}=.171$, p=.019) were the significant predictors, explaining 19.6% of variance in the MERS isolation guideline practice. Clinical experience (${\beta}=.225$, p=.002), working at infection unit (${\beta}=-.203$, p=.011). Conclusion: The knowledge on droplet precaution and general knowledge on MERS were the important modifiable factor to improve the MERS isolation guideline practice among hospital nurses, even after adjusting clinical experience and demographic variables. It is necessary to develop an efficient education program on specific guidelines for prevention and management of infection by improving the knowledge on infectious disease such as MERS as well as droplet precaution which are modifiable factors.

코로나바이러스감염증-19의 임상적 특징 (Clinical characteristics of COVID-19)

  • 유정래;허상택
    • Journal of Medicine and Life Science
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    • 제17권2호
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    • pp.33-40
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    • 2020
  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory tract infection caused by a newly emergent coronavirus, that was first recognized in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Genetic sequencing of the virus suggests that it is a beta coronavirus closely linked to the SARS virus. This disease has non-specific symptoms such as fever, dry cough, sore throat, and gastrointestinal symptoms. This virus can transmit via aerosol and need to droplet precaution to prevent spreading in public areas. Most people with COVID-19 develop only mild or uncomplicated illness. However, about 20% patients require hospitalization, oxygen supply, and intensive care. There is no currently effective treatment available for COVID-19 unresponsive to supportive care. This is review about the recently published epidemiologic, and clinical features, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of COVID-19.

감염 예방을 위한 인공신장실 의료 환경에 대한 고찰 - 근거 기반의 디자인 중심으로 (A Review of Renal Dialysis Unit Environment for Infection Prevention - Focused on Evidence Based Design)

  • 한수하;윤형진
    • 의료ㆍ복지 건축 : 한국의료복지건축학회 논문집
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.49-57
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    • 2018
  • Purpose: The increase in patients requiring hemodialysis has resulted in an increase dialysis-associated infections risk. but there are no Renal Dialysis unit design standard meet specified safety and quality standards. Therefore, appropriate Establish standards and legal regulation is important for the provision of initial certification and maintenance of facility, equipment, and human resource quality. Methods: Literature survey on the design guideline and standards of Renal Dialysis unit design in Korea, U.S, Germany, Singapore, Hongkong, Dubai. Results: There are no established standards for facilities in dialysis units in Korea. To prevent infections in dialysis patients, necessary establish standards. Considering the domestic and overseas Health-care facilities standards, the major factors to be considered in the medical environment for Renal Dialysis Unit are as follows. First, planning to separate Clean areas(treatment area) from contaminated areas(medical waste storage area). Second, ensure sufficient space and minimum separation distance. Although there may be differences depending on the circumstances of individual institutions, renal dialysis unit consider the space to prevent droplet transmission. Third, secure infrastructure of infection prevention such as sufficient amount of hand hygiene sinks. Hand washing facilities for staff within the Unit should be readily available. Hand hygiene sinks should be located to prevent water from splashing into the treatment area. Fourth, Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) system for Renal Dialysis Unit is all about providing a safer environment for patients and staff. Implications: The results of this paper can be the basic data for the design of the Renal Dialysis Units and relevant regulations.

COVID-19 확산방지를 위한 보육시설, 집단급식소 및 식품접객업소 생활방역 매뉴얼 개발 (Development of Guidelines for Preventing COVID-19 in Childcare Centers, Institutional Foodservices and Restaurants)

  • 이승완;장혜자;한아름;이선영;김성일;반경녀
    • 급식외식위생학회지
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    • 제1권1호
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    • pp.37-44
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    • 2020
  • The virus isolated from patients with severe pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan City, Hubei province in China was termed SARS-CoV-2 and the World Health Organization (WHO) named the disease caused by this virus as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The COVID-19 infection has spread rapidly and become a pandemic. In July 2020, there were 13.25 million infected patients and over 570,000 deaths worldwide, and 13,711 infected patients and 294 deaths were reported in South Korea. Since the primary mode of transmission of COVID-19 is through respiratory droplets, the importance of preventive measures, including social distancing, has become important in daily life. In response to the continuous spread of COVID-19, this study developed three guidelines for preventing COVID-19 for the food service industry including childcare centers, institutional foodservices and restaurants by the integration of the manual of controlling foodborne illness. These are included the COVID-19 prevention action methods for food deliverers, for food service administrator, for foodservice works and for customers. All guidelines were designed for easy understanding using illustrations and have been systematically explained subject wise. Thus, these COVID-19 prevention guidelines can be appropriately applied depending on the specific situation and workplace. In addition, they are worthy as educational materials that contribute to the food safety.

코로나-19 보호용 페이스 마스크에서의 액적 고속 충돌 거동 (Microdroplet Impact Dynamics at Very High Velocity on Face Masks for COVID-19 Protection)

  • 최재원;이동호;어지수;이동근;강전웅;지인서;김태영;홍지우
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • 제60권2호
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    • pp.282-288
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    • 2022
  • 코로나 팬데믹 시대에서 비말(respiratory droplet)을 통한 감염 및 확산을 막기 위해 마스크는 없어서는 안 될 생활 필수품이 되었다. 본 연구에서는 두 가지 다른 타입의 마스크(KF-94 마스크와 덴탈 마스크)가 비말 차단에 얼마나 효과적인지를 파악하기 위하여, i) 각각의 마스크를 구성하고 있는 필터의 젖음성(wettability) 특성을 분석하고, ii) 필터 표면에 빠른 속도로 충돌하는 미소 액적의 동적 거동 특성을 실험적으로 관찰하였다. 각 필터의 구성 재료에 따라 상반된 젖음성 특성, 소수성(hydrophobicity) 또는 친수성(hydrophilicity)을 보임을 확인하였다. 또한, 일정 체적을 갖는 미소 액적을 안정적으로 토출하는 공압 조건을 탐색하고 액적의 충돌 속도 변화에 따른 액적 충돌 거동 변화를 분석하였다. 마스크를 구성하고 있는 필터의 종류와 액적 충돌 속도에 따라 i) 필터를 통과하지 못하거나(no penetration), ii) 필터에 포획(capture)되거나, iii) 필터를 통과(penetration)하는 등의 다른 충돌 후 거동을 보임을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과들은 비말 차단용 마스크 디자인에 있어 매우 기본적이고 유용한 정보를 제공할 뿐만 아니라, 다양한 다공성 표면에서의 액적 거동에 대한 학문적 연구에도 도움이 될 것으로 판단된다.

코로나 바이러스 대유행에 따른 치과 의료 관리 가이드라인 (Guidelines for dental clinic infection prevention during COVID-19 pandemic)

  • 김진
    • 대한치과의료관리학회지
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2020
  • Dental settings have unique characteristics that warrant specific infection control considerations, including (1) prioritizing the most critical dental services and provide care in a way that minimizes harm to patients due to delayed care, or harm to personnel from potential exposure to persons infected with the COVID-19 disease, and (2) proactively communicate to both personnel and patients the need for them to stay at home if sick. For health care, an interim infection prevention and control recommendation (COVID-19) is recommended for patients suspected of having coronavirus or those whose status has been confirmed. SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19, is thought to be spread primarily between people who are in close contact with one another (within 6 feet) through respiratory droplets that are produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, or talks. Airborne transmission from person-to-person over long distances is unlikely. However, COVID-19 is a new disease, and there remain uncertainties about its mode of spreads and the severity of illness it causes. The virus has been shown to persist in aerosols for several hours, and on some surfaces for days under laboratory conditions. COVID-19 may also be spread by people who are asymptomatic. The practice of dentistry involves the use of rotary dental and surgical instruments, such as handpieces or ultrasonic scalers, and air-water syringes. These instruments create a visible spray that can contain particle droplets of water, saliva, blood, microorganisms, and other debris. While KF 94 masks protect the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose from droplet spatter, they do not provide complete protection against the inhalation of airborne infectious agents. If the patient is afebrile (temperature <100.4°F)* and otherwise without symptoms consistent with COVID-19, then dental care may be provided using appropriate engineering and administrative controls, work practices, and infection control considerations. It is necessary to provide supplies for respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette, including alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) with 60%~95% alcohol, tissues, and no-touch receptacles for disposal, at healthcare facility entrances, waiting rooms, and patient check-ins. There is also the need to install physical barriers (e.g., glass or plastic windows) in reception areas to limit close contact between triage personnel and potentially infectious patients. Ideally, dental treatment should be provided in individual rooms whenever possible, with a spacing of at least 6 feet between the patient chairs. Further, the use of easy-to-clean floor-to-ceiling barriers will enhance the effectiveness of portable HEPA air filtration systems. Before and after all patient contact, contact with potentially infectious material, and before putting on and after removing personal protective equipment, including gloves, hand hygiene after removal is particularly important to remove any pathogens that may have been transferred to the bare hands during the removal process. ABHR with 60~95% alcohol is to be used, or hands should be washed with soap and water for at least 20 s.

시중에 판매되는 다양한 비인증 마스크의 분진 포집효율과 안면부 흡기저항 평가 (Evaluation of the Filtration Efficiency and Facial Inhalation Resistance of Various Commercial Masks)

  • 강소현;김수민;윤충식;이기영
    • 한국환경보건학회지
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.292-301
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    • 2021
  • Objectives: Wearing medical masks has been recommended since the declaration of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) as a pandemic disease. Certified medical masks are evaluated according to filtration efficiency and facial inhalation resistance. However, some people use non-certified common masks. This study aimed to evaluate various non-certified commercial masks based on the certification criteria for medical masks. Methods: Twenty mask products (three anti-droplet, three disposable dental, eight fashion, three cotton, and three children's masks) were selected. For performance evaluation, filtration efficiency and facial inhalation resistance tests were conducted. The evaluation method followed the certification method for KF-certified masks of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety (MFDS) and the N95 respirator of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Results: None of the 20 masks met the KF94 certification standard set by the MFDS. Four and three masks respectively met the KF80 certification standard and the N95 standard of NIOSH. Filtration efficiency was significantly higher in three-layer masks than in single layer masks. Pleated-type masks had higher filtration efficiency than cone-type masks. There was no correlation between the structure of masks and facial inhalation resistance. Conclusion: While no masks complied with the KF94 certification standard, a few masks met the KF80 and the N95 certification standards of NIOSH. Although some people wear non-certified commercial masks, protection from aerosols is not guaranteed by such masks. Evaluation of the protection efficiency of non-certified mask against microbiological infection is needed for the prevention of infectious disease.

전기분해수로 코로나방역용 마스크의 세정에 관한연구 (On a Cleaning of COVID-19 Prevention Masks with Electrolytic Decomposition Water)

  • 전지행;배명진
    • 문화기술의 융합
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    • 제8권1호
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    • pp.591-596
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    • 2022
  • WHO에서 다양한 코로나19 방역지침과 국가별로 조치가 취해지고 있지만, 확진 자는 크게 감소되지 않고 있다. 개인의 비말을 통해 코로나가 유입 및 유출되는 것을 방지하기 위해 언제 어디서나 마스크착용을 의무화하고 있다. 그렇지만 마스크에 들어온 바이러스세균들이 증폭되면서 마스크를 오염시키고, 역겨운 냄새를 유발한다. 본 논문에서는 장시간 사용한 마스크에 유입된 코로나세균을 치과용 가걸 수의 스프레이로 마스크를 살균하는 방법으로 코로나전파를 예방하는 새로운 방법을 제안하였다. 치과용 가걸 수는 보통 수돗물의 전기 분해로 생성되는데, 물에 녹아있는 불안정 상태의 이온 수(HOCl)가 각종바이러스의 세포장벽에 침투하여 그 핵의 작용을 무산시켜 물의 자정작용을 일으킨다. 실험결과 장시간 사용한 마스크를 가걸 수의 스프레이로 세척하였을 때, 세척된 마스크는 10분 후에 건조되었고, 바이러스 비말이나 침 냄새가 거의 사라졌다. 특히 마스크세정에 참여한 피험자들에게 그 착용감을 MOS테스트한 결과 평균 4.4로 우수하게 얻어졌다. 따라서 마스크가 1회 용이었지만, 하루에 2회 이상 제안한 방법으로 스프레이 세척하게 되면, 그 마스크를 1주일 이상 쾌적한 상태로 사용할 수 있게 되었다.