• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
• /
• 제65권4호
• /
• pp.878-889
• /
• 2023

Animal welfare during transport became an largely issue because of increasing demand for improved animal welfare standards. Most studies on the animal welfare during transportation have concentrated on the atmosphere and the temperature of the truck compartments. Thus, the objective of study was to collect and quantify three axis acceleration and determine the effect of bedding for transporting pigs from farm to slaughterhouse. A total of 2,840 crossbred fattening pigs with a live weight of approximately 115 kg were used. They were raised in the same commercial farms and transported to the same commercial slaughterhouse. A 3×2×2 completely randomized factorial design was used to investigate effects of rubber type bedding (bedding or non-bedding) and two levels of driving style (aggressive or normal) in three different time periods with different outside temperatures. Air temperature treatments were as follow: high temperature ([HT] higher than 24℃); low temperature ([LT] lower than 10℃); normal temperature ([NT] 10℃ to 24℃). In our experiment, pigs transported under aggressive driving style showed lower (p < 0.05) pH and water holding capacity (WHC) than those transported under normal driving style. Pigs transported under normal driving style showed a lower percentage of drip loss (DL) (p < 0.05) than those transported with an aggressive driving style. Also, transported with bedding showed higher (p < 0.05) lying behavior but lower (p < 0.05) sitting behavior than those transported without bedding. Pigs transported under normal driving style showed lower (p < 0.05) cortisol level than those transported under aggressive driving style. In conclusion, aggressive driving style cause acute stress in pigs, while bedding helps alleviate acute stress in pigs during transportation in LT.

• 한국분무공학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.73-81
• /
• 2019

It is expected that the introduction of real-driving emission will strengthen the exhaust emission. However, various researches have been reported that real-driving emission has been influenced by factors such as characteristics of the test routes and driving characteristics for drivers. In order to reflect this effect, European Commission applied the concept of driving dynamics to prevent deliberately driving of excessive and acceleration over RDE test. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of exhaust emissions according to real-driving test in three test routes and driving style. As a result of the test, it was confirmed that when the same driver tested real-driving test under three test routes, it depends on the driving characteristics of the route. Also, RDE-NOx for driving style was that severe driving has been about 16 times higher than normal driving in KNUT route.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
• /
• 제24권1호
• /
• pp.39-47
• /
• 2023

The development of autonomous driving and Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) technology has grown rapidly in recent years. As most traffic accidents occur due to human error, self-driving vehicles can drastically reduce the number of accidents and crashes that occur on the roads today. Obviously, technical advancements in autonomous driving can lead to improved public driving safety. However, due to the current limitations in technology and lack of public trust in self-driving cars (and drones), the actual use of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) is still significantly low. According to prior studies, people's acceptance of an AV is mainly determined by trust. It is proven that people still feel much more comfortable in personalized ADAS, designed with the way people drive. Based on such needs, a new attempt for a customized ADAS considering each driver's driving style is proposed in this paper. Each driver's behavior is divided into two categories: assertive and defensive. In this paper, a novel customized ADAS algorithm with high classification accuracy is designed, which divides each driver based on their driving style. Each driver's driving data is collected and simulated using CARLA, which is an open-source autonomous driving simulator. In addition, Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) machine learning algorithms are used to optimize the ADAS parameters. The proposed scheme results in a high classification accuracy of time series driving data. Furthermore, among the vast amount of CARLA-based feature data extracted from the drivers, distinguishable driving features are collected selectively using Support Vector Machine (SVM) technology by comparing the amount of influence on the classification of the two categories. Therefore, by extracting distinguishable features and eliminating outliers using SVM, the classification accuracy is significantly improved. Based on this classification, the ADAS sensors can be made more sensitive for the case of assertive drivers, enabling more advanced driving safety support. The proposed technology of this paper is especially important because currently, the state-of-the-art level of autonomous driving is at level 3 (based on the SAE International driving automation standards), which requires advanced functions that can assist drivers using ADAS technology.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.35-42
• /
• 2012

운전자의 도로 주행 데이터를 데이터베이스화한 정보는 다양하게 이용될 수 있다. 이러한 주행 정보를 이용한다면 운전자의 운전 성향을 분석하는데 도움이 될 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 스마트폰을 이용하여 도로 주행 시의 센서 데이터들을 기록하고 주행 패턴을 인식하는 방법을 제안한다. 운전 성향을 분석하기에 앞서 패턴 별 주행 정보를 제공하기 위해 주행 패턴을 인식하는데 중점을 두었다. 좌회전, U턴, 우회전, 급감속, 급출발, 급가속, 과속방지턱에 해당하는 7개의 패턴을 인식하기 위한 과정으로 데이터 전처리를 통해 이벤트가 발생한 구간을 검출 후, DTW(Dynamic Time Warping) 알고리즘을 이용한 결정 방식을 적용하여 패턴을 인식한다. 제안된 방법은 운전자의 정보 제공을 위해 인식된 패턴과 함께 동시에 녹화된 비디오 스트림도 제공되며, 이는 안전운전시스템이나 운전습관분석시스템의 중요한 요소라 할 수 있다.

• 대한인간공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한인간공학회 1995년도 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.208-213
• /
• 1995

The vehicle navigation system is developed for helping driver to retrieve driving information more easily and lastly. Navigation System informs driver many pieces of driving information - roadway structure and system, on-line traffic condition, the position of vehicle, route guidance, destination and other infor- mation service. As the style of information is diverse and the amount of information is large, driver may have mental and visual overload. The display of information can disturb the driver's attention and this can cause accidents. This state is caused by the defect of human-machine interactions. When the navigation system is designed, human factors - cognitive, judgment, operating -must be considered. The display style must be designed simply and easily, not to be obstacle of human - machine interface. In this study, outside- in view display style and inside-out view display style are compared each other. Tow factors are measured. One is cognitive factor-time of cognition on information that is displayed by screen display, cognition error rate. The other is image of screen display - subject's feeling about several styles of display, degree of subject's preference. The prototype of roadway is four kinds -Cross, T-cross and O-cross. Roadway display for test is taken from paper maps. Traffic condition display style, vehicle position display style and route guidance display style are taken from current display style. Traffic condition display style is symbol. vehicle position display style and route guidance display style are described as color and symbol. The test on screen display is implemented doing given tasks. Then the test is analyzed statistically. The result of test analysis gives the guideline to the designer for the map display of the vehicle navigation system.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제18권36호
• /
• pp.49-59
• /
• 1995

The vehicle navigation system is developed for helping driver to retrieve driving information more easily and fastly. Navigation System informs driver many pieces of driving information - roadway structure and system, on-line traffic condition, the position of vehicle, route guidance, destination and other information service. As the style of information is diverse and the amount of information is large, driver may have mental and visual overload. The display of information can disturb the driver's attention and this can cause accidents. This state is caused by the defect of human-machine interactions. When the navigation system is designed, human factors - cognitive, judgment, operating - must be considered. The display style must be designed simply and easily, not to be obstacle of human -machine interface. In this study, outside-in view display style and inside-out view display style are compared each other. Two factors are measured. One is cognitive factor-time of cognition on information that is displayed by screen display, cognition error rate. The other is image of screen display - subject's feeling about several styles of display, degree of subject's preference. The prototype of roadway is four kinds - Cross, T-cross, Y-cross and O-cross. Roadway display for test is taken from paper maps. Traffic condition display style, vehicle position display style and route guidance display style are taken from current display style. Traffic condition display style is symbol. Vehicle position display style and route guidance display style are described as color and symbol. The test on screen display is implemented doing given tasks. Then the test is analyzed statistically, The result of test analysis gives the guideline to the designer for the map display of the vehicle navigation system.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제15권11호
• /
• pp.6830-6837
• /
• 2014

최근 지구 온난화와 에너지 고갈 문제가 심각해지면서, 차량의 에코 드라이빙 (에너지 절약형 운행)에 대한 관심이 높다. 본 논문에서는 ISG(공회전 제한 장치)가 장착된 차량의 공회전 제한 사용과 정속 운전을 모니터링하는 시스템을 제안한다. 본 시스템은 차량 운행 정보 수집용 G/W 장치, 에코 드라이빙 모니터링용 스마트폰 앱 및 서버 시스템으로 구성된다. 본 논문의 주요 기여는 공회전 제한을 포함하는 에코 드라이빙의 모니터링 시스템이 제공해야 할 통합적인 기능, 구조 및 동작 원리를 정의한 것이다. 본 시스템을 통해 사용자는 공회전 제한 시간, 운전 속도, 연료 절감량, CO2 배출량 등을 확인해 봄으로써, 에코 드라이빙을 실천하는 좋은 운전 습관을 가지게 될 것이다. 서버 시스템은 운행 정보를 저장 또는 조회하는 기능을 OpenAPI 형태의 웹 서비스로 제공하여, 다양한 응용들을 쉽게 개발할 수 있는 환경을 제공한다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.21-29
• /
• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 음주운전으로 인한 자동차 사고를 줄이기 위한 방법으로 음주운전의 의도에 영향을 주는 여러 가지 요인들을 조사하였다. 본 논문에서는 흡연습관과 운동습관과 같은 운전자의 생활방식뿐만 아니라 사회심리학적인 요인들을 조사에 포함시켰다. 조서결과 음주운전자의 사회심리학적인 특성 중에서 행동통제력지각이 음주운전의 의도에 가장 큰 영향을 미치고, 뒤이어 음주운전의 의도에서 흡연습관, 운동습관 등의 순으로 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 흡연습관과 운동습관과 같은 운전자의 생활방식이 음주운동에 대한 태도나 주관적인 규정보다 음주운전의 의도에 더 큰 영향을 미친다는 것으로 해석될 수 있다. 따라서 음주운전자 교육과정에 금연습관과 운동습관을 포함시킴으로서 음주운전을 감소시킬 수 있도록 프로그램을 개선하여야 한다.

• 전자공학회논문지SC
• /
• 제48권1호
• /
• pp.18-23
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 자동차에 장착된 일반적인 자동변속기의 문제점을 향상시키기 위해서 지능형 변속선도 결정 모듈을 제안한다. 전형적인 자동변속기의 변속선도는 운전자의 습관 및 성향이 반영되지 않기 때문에 운전자가 원하는 변속점을 제공하지 못한다. 기존의 변속선도는 불필요한 기어의 변화가 발생하고 연료효율에도 좋지 않다. 또한 가끔 킥-다운과 같은 현상이 발생한다. 그래서 본 논문에서는 개인적인 운전자의 운전 스타일을 고려한 변속선도를 결정하는 지능형 변속 제어 방법을 연구한다. 운전스타일은 주행 중인 자동차의 실제 데이터를 이용하여 운전자의 성향 및 운전 습관에 의해 판단된다. 이 모듈은 실제 자동차 데이터를 학습하기 위해 신경회로망을 사용한 계층적 구조로 구성된다. 제안된 지능형 변속선도 제 어 모듈은 각 운전자의 운전스타일에 따라 운전에 필요한 토크와 속도를 제공하여 운전자에게 적합한 변속점과 변속시간을 제공할 수 있다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.157-165
• /
• 2014

To develop a compact vehicle for women, the most important areas are 'behavioral characteristics, life style and driving posture'. Static AM95%ile manikin is used for package guideline. Since women's characteristics and sitting position are different from men, however, the guideline cannot satisfy women drivers. Therefore, the goal of this study is to make the database with dynamic women's driving posture and behavioral characteristics at compact vehicle. Research process will be made as follows. Firstly, through the online/offline survey and statistic analysis, lifestyle and behavioral characteristics (discomfort elements) of women are extracted. Secondly, the author performs scenario test to acquire the discomfort value of driving situation and life style. 3D models of women's manikin and driving posture were created by CATIA HUMAN. The 3D models are used for the purpose of analyzing women's driving posture. Finally, with the ANOVA result and comparison between real driving posture and package guidelines, the author is able to suggest the main issue for women drivers.