• 제목/요약/키워드: Dressing Percentage

검색결과 235건 처리시간 0.024초

농산부산물의 사료첨가급여가 육계 성장효율과 혈액성상에 미치는 영향: 메타분석 (Effect of Agricultural Byproduct Supplementation on Growth Performance and Blood Parameters of Broiler Chicken: Meta-analysis)

  • 이재훈;김도형;이지홍;김은중;조상범;이상무
    • 한국가금학회지
    • /
    • 제45권2호
    • /
    • pp.81-88
    • /
    • 2018
  • 본 연구에서는 농산부산물의 사료첨가 급여가 육계의 생산성과 혈액성상에 미치는 효과를 메타분석이라는 통계적 방법을 이용하여 조사하였다. 본 분석에 사용된 연구논문들은 모두 대한민국에 소재한 일반 상업 육계농가에서 사양시험을 수행하였고, 농산부산물의 사료첨가 급여 효과를 조사하였다. 총 11개의 연구논문에서 32개의 실험들을 메타분석에 이용하였다. 사양 단계는 총 사육일수를 기준으로 두 단계로 구분하였고, 생산성으로는 체중, 증체량, 사료섭취량 그리고 사료요구율을 평가하였다. 그리고 도체중, 도체율, 간장 및 비장 무게에 대한 효과를 평가하였다. 혈액성상으로는 혈중 포도당, 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지방단백 및 저밀도 지방단백함량에 대한 효과를 조사하였다. 농산부산물의 사료첨가 급여는 육계의 출하체중을 유의적으로 증가시키는 결과를 나타내었다. 사료요구율도 농산부산물을 사료첨가하여 급여한 처리구에서 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 즉, 농산부산물의 사료첨가급여는 육계 생산성을 개선할 수 있는 가능성이 존재함을 확인할 수 있었다. 도체중, 도체율, 간장 및 비장 무게에서는 유의적인 처리효과를 관찰할 수 없었으나, 복강지방은 농산부산물 급여 처리에 의해 유의적으로 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 혈액성상에 있어서는 총 콜레스테롤 함량 및 중성지방 수치가 처리효과에 의해 유의적으로 감소하였고, 고밀도지방단백은 유의적으로 증가하였다. 일련의 결과를 통하여 농산부산물의 사료첨가 급여는 육계의 혈액성상 개선과 복강내 지방 침착 억제를 통한 생산성 개선의 효과를 갖는 것을 알 수 있었다.

Effects of Wet Feeding of Diets with or without Food Waste on Growth Performance and Carcass Characteristics in Finishing Pigs

  • Moon, J.S.;Kwon, I.K.;Chae, B.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제17권4호
    • /
    • pp.504-510
    • /
    • 2004
  • Two experiments were conducted. In expt. 1, a total of fifty-four pigs (L$\times$Y$\times$D, 56.14$\pm$1.7 kg) were used for a feeding trial to determine the effect of wet feeding of a commercial-type diet without food waste (FW). Treatments were dry (Control), wet (WF) and wet+dry feeding (WDF). For wet feeding, the diet was mixed with water at a ratio of 1:2.5 (feed:water). A wet feed was given during the whole experimental period for the WF group, but the dry feed was given during the finisher period for the WDF group. In expt. 2, a total of fifty-four pigs(L$\times$Y$\times$D, 55.7$\pm$1.8 kg) were used for a feeding trial to determine the effect of wet feeding of FW. Treatments were a commercial-type dry (Control), wet fermented food waste (WFFW) and WFFW+dry feeding (WFFW+DF). For wet feeding of fermented food waste, however, some ingredients (concentrate) were added to make nutrient contents comparable to the control diet. The FW collected was ground ($\leq$5 mm), heated with a steam jacket (140$\pm$3$^{\circ}C$) and fermented with probiotics for one day in a steel container at 30-40$^{\circ}C$. For the WFFW group, the wet feed was given during the whole experimental period, but a dry feed was given during finisher period for the WFFW+DF group. In expt. 1, during the grower period, pigs fed wet feed showed higher average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) than those fed only dry feed (p<0.05). During the finisher period, pigs in the WDF group showed better ADG and FCR than the control group. During the entire experimental period, pigs in the WDF group grew faster (p<0.05) than those in the control group, and the same trend was found in FCR. Also, dressing percentage, backfat thickness, lean %, and pork color were not affected by the wet feeding of diets in this study. In expt. 2, during the grower period, pigs fed diets containing FW showed lower (p<0.05) ADG than those fed the control diet. But FCR was better (p<0.05) in pigs fed FW than in the control group. During the finisher period, pigs in the WFFW+DF group grew faster (p<0.05) than those in the control and WFFW groups. During the entire experimental period, pigs fed the control diet showed better ADG (p<0.05) than those fed FW, but feed intake and FCR were vice versa. Dressing percentage was lower (p<0.05) in the WFFW than in the control group, but backfat was thinner in the WFFW group than in the control group. In summary, it can be concluded that wet feeding of formula feed can improve daily gain, however, feeding fermented wet food waste may reduce daily gain of finishing pigs, even though it was fermented and the nutrient was fortified with concentrates. In addition, dry feeding of a formula feed during the finishing period can improve daily gain in pigs fed a wet feed with or without food waste during the grower period.

Latex 피복요소시용(被覆尿素施用)과 기온차이(氣溫差異)가 담수표면직파(湛水表面直播) 벼의 질소이용효율(窒素利用效率)과 수량(收量)에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Application of Latex Coated Urea and Temperature Difference on Rice Yield and N-Use Efficiency of Wet-Seeding rice)

  • 유철현;신복우;정지호;강승원;한상수;김성조
    • 한국토양비료학회지
    • /
    • 제31권3호
    • /
    • pp.259-265
    • /
    • 1998
  • 본 연구(硏究)는 4년간('94~'97) 평년기온(平年氣溫)해와 이상고온(異常高溫)해에 벼 담수표면직파재배시(湛水表面直播栽培時) 완효성비료(緩效性肥料)(LCU) 시용에 따른 시비질소(施肥窒素)의 토양중(土壤中) $NH_4-N$함량(含量) 질소흡수량(窒素吸收量), 이용율(利用率) 및 수량성(收量性) 변동(變動)을 조사하기 위하여 호남평야지(湖南平野地)의 대표토양(代表土壤)인 전북통(全北統)에서 시험(試驗)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같이 요약(要約)할 수 있다. 완효성비료(緩效性肥料)로부터의 질소용출은 평년기 온해에는 성숙기까지 계속되었으나 이상고온(異狀高溫)일때에는 유수형성기(幼穗形成期)에 거의 완료되었다. 완효성비료(緩效性肥料)의 기비전량(基肥全量) 전층시비후(全層施肥後) 이상고온(異狀高溫)이 있을 경우 출수기(出穗期)의 비절현상(肥切現狀)은 SPAD치(値) 35정도에서 나타났으며 요소(尿素)를 수비(穗肥)로 시용(施用)하므로써 비절현상(肥切現狀)은 나타나지 않았다. 완효성비료(緩效性肥料)의 질소이용율(窒素利用率)은 평년기온(平年氣溫)해보다 이상고온(異狀高溫)해에서 낮아졌으나 관행구(慣行區)에서는 온도간(溫度間) 큰 차이(差異)가 없었다. 시비질소(施肥窒素)의 정조(正租)로의 전이율(轉移率)은 완효성비료시용시(緩效性肥料施用時) 평년기온(平年氣溫)해보다 이상고온(異狀高溫)해에 증가하였으나 지방질소(地方窒素)에 의한 전이율(轉移率)은 낮아졌다. 관행대비(慣行對比) 완효성비료(緩效性肥料) 기비시용구(基肥施用區)의 쌀 수량(收量)은 평년기온(平年氣溫)해에는 대등(對等)하였고, 고온(高溫)해는 6% 감소(減少)하였으며, 완효성비료(緩效性肥料) 시용구(施用區)에 수비(穗肥)를 하므로써 12%의 증수(增收)를 보였다.

  • PDF

수도(水稻)의 생육시기별(生育時期別) 체내(體內) K2O/N가 수량(收量) 및 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)에 미치는 영향(影響) (Effect of K2O/N ratio in rice plant on yield components)

  • 박준규;김영섭;황정효
    • 한국토양비료학회지
    • /
    • 제4권1호
    • /
    • pp.27-32
    • /
    • 1971
  • 1969년도(年度)에 $\frac{1}{200}a$의 무저(無底) 원형(圓型)폿트를 사용(使用)하여 질소다비(窒素多肥)조건하에서 수도(水稻)에 대(對)한 가리(加里)의 추비효과(追肥效果)를 검토(檢討)하였다. 처리(處理)는 가리(加里) 무비구(無肥區)를 위시하여 10개 처리(處理) 4반복(反覆)으로 하여 시험(試驗)을 실시하였으며 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 정조수량(精租收量)은 가리전량기비(加里全量基肥)에 비(比)하여 기비(基肥) 70% 유수형성기(幼穗形成期) 30%를 시용(施用)함으로서 현저한 증수(增收)를 보았다. 2. 체내(體內) $K_2O$의 함유율(含有率)이 N 함유율(含有率)에 미치는 길항적(拮抗的)인 관계(關係)는 수도(水稻) 전생육기간(全生育期間)을 통(通)하여 감수분열성기(減數分裂盛期)에 가장 심(甚)하고 다음은 유수형성기(幼穗形成期)이었다. 3. $K_2O/N$와 수량구성요소(收量構成要素)와의 관계(關係)는 출수이전(出穗以前)에는 정상관(正相關)의 경향(傾向)이 있으며 특(特)히 출수기(出穗期) $K_2O/N$와 등숙비율(登熟比率)과는 현저한 상관(相關)이 있었다.

  • PDF

Interaction of Beef Growth Type${\times}$Production System for Carcass Traits of Steers

  • Brown , A.H. Jr.;Camfield, P.K.;Johnson, Z.B.;Rakes, L.Y.;Pohlman, F.W.;Brown, C.J.;Sandelin, B.A.;Baublits, R.T.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제18권2호
    • /
    • pp.259-266
    • /
    • 2005
  • Steers (n=335) of known genetic backgrounds from four fundamentally different growth types were subjected to two production systems to study differences in carcass traits. Growth types were animals with genetic potential for large mature weight-late maturing, intermediate mature weight-late maturing, intermediate mature weight-early maturing and small mature weight-early maturing. Each year, in a nine-year study, calves of each growth type were weaned and five steers of each growth type were developed on pasture or feedlot and slaughtered at approximately 20 and 14 months of age, respectively. Data collected were pre-slaughter shrunk body weight (SBW); hot carcass weight (HCW); dressing percentage (DRESS); fat thickness at the $12^{th}$ and $13^{th}$ rib interface (FAT); percentage kidney, pelvic, and heart fat (KPH); longissimus muscle area (LMA); marbling score (MARB); quality grade (QG); and yield grade (YG). Year and growth type were significant for all carcass traits. The growth type${\times}$production system interaction was an important source of variation in SBW, HCW; FAT, YG and MARB. The same interaction was non-significant for DRESS, KPH, LMA and QG. Carcass differences in measures of fatness were greater in the feedlot system than in the pasture system. These data could aid producers in matching beef growth type to the production system most suitable for efficient use of resources.

EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTATION AND PARASITIC INFECTION ON PRODUCTIVITY OF THAI NATIVE AND CROSS-BRED FEMALE WEANER GOATS II. BODY COMPOSITION AND SENSORY CHARACTERISTICS

  • Pralomkarn, W.;Intarapichet, K.;Kochapakdee, S.;Choldumrongkul, S.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제7권4호
    • /
    • pp.555-561
    • /
    • 1994
  • This paper presents results from a study of the body composition and sensory characteristics of female weaner goat meat. A completely randomized $3{\times}3{\times}2$ factorial design was used. Factors were genotype (Thai native; TN, 75% TN $\times$ 25% Anglo-Nubian; AN and 50% TN $\times$ 50% AN), feeding {grazing only, low (1.0% BW/d) and high (1.5% BW/d) concentrate supplementation and parasite control (undrenched and drenched)}. It was shown that there was no effect of genotype on body components and dressing percentage. However, TN and 75% TN $\times$ 25% AN kids had significantly (p<0.05) higher muscle to bone ratios (4.20% and 4.20%, respectively) compared with 50% TN $\times$ 50% AN kids (3.88%). Kids on grazing only had significantly (p<0.01) higher muscle percentage (64.12%) than did kids in low (61.30%) and high (60.62%) supplementary feeding program, but there was no significant (p>0.05) difference between low and high supplementary feeding groups. Kids offered supplementary feeding had significantly (p<0.01) higher percentages of total fat, intermuscular fat, pelvic fat and kidney fat than those of grazing only. Kids offered supplementary feeding had significantly (p<0.05) higher muscle to bone ratios and significantly (p<0.01) higher muscle plus fat to bone ratios compared with those of grazing only. This may be due to significantly lower (p<0.01) bone contents (14.95, 14.17 and 16.8% for kids offered low and high supplementary feeding and grazing only, respectively. There was no significant difference in sensory characteristics of goat meat between genotypes or feeding groups.

Effect of Feeding Sesame Hull on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Carcass Characteristics of Black Goat Kids

  • Obeidat, Belal S.;Gharaybeh, Firas F.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제24권2호
    • /
    • pp.206-213
    • /
    • 2011
  • An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of replacing barley and soybean meal in finishing diets with sesame hull (SH) on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of Black goat kids. Twenty-one Black goat kids were assigned randomly to 0%, 10%, or 20% SH diets (7/diet). The study lasted for 63 d. Intakes of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), and crude protein (CP) of kids fed the 10% diet were greater (p<0.05) than for the 0% and 20% SH diets (p<0.10). Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) intakes were highest (p<0.05) for kids fed the 10% SH diet when compared to 0% and 20% SH diets. Ether extract (EE) intake was greater (p<0.05) for kids fed 10% and 20% SH diets when compared to 0% SH. Digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, NDF, and ADF were similar among all diets. However, sesame hull inclusion increased (p<0.05) EE digestibility. Final body weight, total gain, average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio were comparable among all diets. Cost of gain was lower (p<0.05) in kids fed 20% SH than the 0% SH diet, while there was no difference between the 10% SH diet and the other two diets. Dressing percentage, hot and cold carcass weights, non-carcass components, carcass cut weights, and meat quality parameters were not influenced by SH. Total fat percentage in the leg was greater (p<0.05) on 0% SH than on the 10% SH diet. Results of this study demonstrated that inclusion of sesame hull at levels of 10 or 20% did not influence the performance of Black goat kids, but the cost of gain was lower.

Effect of Different Raising Techniques on In vivo Performance and Carcass and Meat Traits of Ischia Grey Rabbit

  • Bovera, Fulvia;Di Meo, Carmelo;Nizza, Sandra;Piccolo, Giovanni;Nizza, Antonino
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제21권9호
    • /
    • pp.1361-1366
    • /
    • 2008
  • One-hundred and twenty Ischia grey rabbits, traditionally raised in pits, were equally divided after weaning (32 days) into three groups: group C, housed in cages (4 rabbits/cage) and fed a commercial concentrate; group GF, housed as C group and fed grasses collected on the island and crushed faba beans supplemented with an appropriate mineral vitamin mix; group P, housed in pits (8 rabbits/pit) and fed as GF group. Feed intake was recorded daily and live weight monthly up to slaughter (92 days). At slaughter, 10 rabbits per group were used to measure carcass and meat traits. The carcasses were weighed and measured according to the standard procedures and meat samples from the Longissimus dorsi and left hind leg were analysed for water holding capacity and chemical composition, respectively. During the entire trial, group C consumed significantly (p<0.01) a higher quantity of feed than the other groups (126.1 vs. 63.4 and 66.5 g/d, resp. for groups C, GF and P) and at slaughter showed a significantly (p<0.01) higher body weight (2,529.7 vs. 1,324.4 and 1,375.4 g, resp. for groups C, GF and P). Significant differences (p<0.01) were found also for dressing out percentage (68.6 vs. 66.6 and 66.9%, resp. for groups C, GF and P) and for meat chemical composition, in particular lipid percentage (4.13 vs. 1.84 and 1.93%, resp., for groups C, GF and P, p<0.01) and moisture (73.7 vs. 76.4 and 76.3%, resp. for groups C, GF and P, p<0.01). The results suggest the opportunity to obtain heavier animals raised in the pits if their diets were integrated with commercial feed.

Evaluation of Twice Decorticated Sunflower Meal as a Protein Source Compared with Soybean Meal in Pig Diets

  • Cortamira, O.;Gallego, A.;Kim, S.W.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제13권9호
    • /
    • pp.1296-1303
    • /
    • 2000
  • A series of four experiments was conducted to compare nutritional values of decorticated sunflower meals against soybean meal, in diets for pigs from weaning (Exp. 1 and 2) to finishing (Exp. 3 and 4). All experimental diets were prepared compensating for the energy content by using vegetable oil and the lysine content was matched using synthetic L-Lysine HCl. Twenty-one day old pigs were fed either corn-soybean meal based diet (CSBM) or corn- twice-decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CDSM) for four weeks (Exp. 1). There was no difference in performances between treatment groups. In Exp. 2, corn-non-decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CNSM) was added to the existing two treatments. Twenty-one day old pigs were fed three experimental diets for four weeks. Pigs fed CNSM had a lower weight gain and feed intake than other treatments (p<0.05). There was no difference between pigs fed CSBM and CDSM (Exp. 2). Growth performance of growing pigs was also greater (p<0.05) in pigs fed corn starch-twice- decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CSDSM) than pigs fed corn starch-non-decorticated sunflower meal based diet (CSNSM) during the eight week feeding trial (Exp. 3). There was no difference between pig fed corn starch-soybean meal based diet (CSSBM) and CSDSM (Exp. 3). In Exp. 4, growing pigs were fed three experimental diets (CSBM, CDSM, and barley-twice- decorticated sunflower meal based diet; BDSM) until the slaughter. There was no difference in growth performance of pigs during growing and finishing periods among treatments. However, pigs fed CSBM had a higher carcass dressing percentage (p<0.05) than pigs fed CDSM and BDSM. Pigs fed BDSM diet had a lower fat tissue percentage than other groups (p<0.05). The twice-decorticated sunflower meal can be used as a substitute for soybean meal in pig diets. The performances of piglets and growing-finishing pigs were not affected when soybean meal was replaced by twice-decorticated sunflower meal. This substitution needs the contribution of synthetic lysine and vegetable oil as sources of complementary nutrients to match the nutrient profile.

Effect of Lacquer (Rhus verniciflua) Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Carcass Traits and Serum Profile of Broiler Chickens

  • Lohakare, J.D.;Zheng, Jin;Yun, J.H.;Chae, B.J.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • 제19권3호
    • /
    • pp.418-424
    • /
    • 2006
  • This experiment was conducted to explore the efficacy of lacquer (Rhus verniciflua) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits and serum biochemical values in commercial broilers. Eight hundred and forty Hubbard broiler chicks (1d old) were randomly distributed and allotted to four dietary treatments for five weeks. Each treatment had 5 replicates with 42 birds each. The dietary treatments were (1) control (2) 1% lacquer, (3) 2% lacquer and 4) 4% lacquer supplied as meal in the diet. Supplementation with lacquer improved weight gain (p = 0.0960) showing a linear trend during the starter phase (0-3 wk), but weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio remained unaffected at the finisher phase (4-5 wk) and overall (0-5 wk). The nutrient digestibility studies conducted after 18 and 35 days of experimental feeding showed a linear (p<0.05) increase in digestibility of CP and ether extract at both measurement timess. The carcass studies were conducted on two birds per replicate (10 per treatment) at the end of both 3 and 5 wk. The dressing percentage, liver weight, heart weight, abdominal fat and the breast meat expressed as a percentage of live weight, did not differ significantly due to treatments at both phases. The serum cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) showed a linear decrease (p = 0.0683 and p = 0.0322, respectively) as the level of supplementation increased at 3 wk; at 5 wk serum cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride levels decreased significantly showing a positive linear effect of lacquer on fat metabolism. The meat color values such as lightness, redness and yellowness did not reveal any significant trend. Overall, it could be concluded that lacquer supplementation at higher levels did not affect growth performance, but had a positive impact on fat metabolism by influencing fat digestibility and reducing serum cholesterol and triglyceride.