• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 5th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.576-582
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• 2013

Typical highway infrastructure systems include roadway pavement, drainage systems, tunneling, and other hardware components such as guardrails, traffic signs, and lighting. Tunnels in a highway system have provided significant advantages to overcoming various natural challenges including crossing underneath bodies of water or through mountainous areas. While only a few tunnel failure cases have been reported, the failure rate is likely to increase as these assets age and because agencies have not emphasized tunneling asset management. A tunnel system undergoes a deterioration life cycle pattern that is similar to other infrastructure systems. There are very few agencies in the United States implementing comprehensive tunnel asset management programs. While current tunnel asset management programs focus on inspection, maintenance, and operation safety, there is an increasing need for the development of a comprehensive life cycle tunnel asset management program. This paper describes a conceptual framework for a comprehensive tunnel asset management program. The framework consists of three basic phases including a strategic plan, a tactical plan, and an operational plan to provide better information to the decision makers. The strategic plan is a basic long term approach of tunnel asset management. The tactical plan determines specific objectives and the operational plan actually applies asset management objectives in practice. The information includes operational condition, structural condition, efficiency of the system, emergency response, and life cycle cost analysis for tunnel capital improvement project planning.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.1063-1069
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• 1998

연구배경 : 다발성으로 국소화된 농흉은 치료를 더욱 어렵게 만들며 특히 흉막천자와 흉관배농술에 반응하지 않는 경우는 더욱 그렇다. 재료 및 방법 : 저자들은 1991년 12월에서 1997년 12월까지 18례(남 14례, 여 4례)의 국소화된 섬유소화농성기 농흉(16례) 및 초기의 만성기 농흉(2례)환자들에 있어서 폐쇄식 늑골절제 배농술(closed rib resectional drainage)을 실시하였다. 결과 : 수술은 증상이 지속되면서 흉관을 통한 부적절한 배농(10례)이나 흉막천자가 실패(8례)한 국소화된 농흉을 가진 환자에 대하여 시행하였다. 농흉의 선행질환은 13례(72.3%)에서 폐렴, 3례(16.7%)에서 응고혈흉, 그리고 담낭절제술과 결핵성 흉막염이 각각 1례씩(5.5%)이었다. 원인균은 8례(42.1%)에서 배양이 되었는데 methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus가 3례로 가장 많았으며, pseudomonas aeruginosa가 2례, 그리고 enterococcus aerogens, α-hemolytic streptococcus, acinetobacter baumannii가 각각 1례씩 있었다. 농흉의 크기는 매우 다양하였는데 흉부단층촬영에서 1∼4개(평균 1.78±1.00)의 국소화 소견을 보였다. 수술시간은 55∼140분(평균 102.8±30.8)으로 짧았으며 술 후 모든 환자에서 발열이 소실되었고 전신 상태의 호전을 이루었다. 술후 흉관 거치 기간은 3∼42일(평균 11.4±11.5), 재원기간은 6∼36일(평균 12.9±8.1)이었다. 합병증은 지연된 배농이 2례에서 있었고 수술사망은 없었다. 술 후 재발한 례는 없었으며 3∼6개월에 촬영한 흉부사진 소견상 14례(77.8%)에서는 정상 소견을, 그리고 4례(22.2%)에서는 경미한 흉막비후의 소견을 보여 전 례에서 만족스러운 결과를 나타내었다. 결론 : 폐쇄식 늑골절제 배농술은 수술이 간편하고 합병증이 적으며 효과는 매우 양호하여 국소화된 섬유소화농성기 및 초기의 만성기 농흉환자에게 시행할 수 있는 적절한 수술이라 하겠다.

• 한국전자거래학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.183-199
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• 2015

낙동강 하굿둑에서는 4대강 사업으로 인한 낙동강 본류의 환경 변화로 설계홍수량이 크게 늘어남에 따라 낙동강 하류의 치수안전을 확보하기 위해 을숙도 우안에 배수문을 증설하게 되었다. 하굿둑에서의 수량 확보, 홍수조절, 재해예방 등의 기능이 원활하게 수행되기 위해서는 좌안의 기존 배수문과 우안의 신설 배수문이 유기적이고 안정적으로 운영되어야 한다. 한정된 인력과 자원 하에서 이를 운영하기 위하여 기존의 수자원시설과 정보통신기술을 융합한 통합운영시스템이 구축되었다. 통합운영시스템은 홍수 등의 위급한 상황에서도 부분적 결함에 의해 전체 시스템의 동작이 중단되지 않도록 높은 가용성과 결함 감내성을 지니도록 설계되었다. 운영과 유지관리에서의 편의성이 고려되었으며, 경보시스템을 구축하여 설비의 이상을 조기에 감지할 수 있게 하였다. 통합운영시스템의 아키텍처는 향후 유역통합운영과 스마트 워터그리드에 대비하여 시스템간의 연계가 용이한 개방형 표준을 지향하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• 제29권5호
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• pp.330-337
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• 2003

This is a retrospective study on the care of odontogenic infections in admission patients with major bleeding disorders. The study was based on a series of 514 patients treated at Dong San Medical Center, Wonju Christian Hospital and Il San Health Insurance Hospital, from Jan. 1, 2000, to Dec. 31, 2002. The obtained results were as follows : 1. The cardiovascular disease was the most frequent cause of the systemic diseases with major bleeding disorders, and liver disease, cerebrovascular disease and renal failure were next in order of frequency. But, there was the most frequent dental consultation in the liver disease, owing to the many odontogenic infectious diseases. 2. Male prediction (66.3%) was almost existed in the odontogenic infectious patients with major bleeding disorders. But, there was slight female prediction (53.4%) in the cardiovascular disease. 3. The most common age group of the odontogenic infectious patients with major bleeding disorders was the fifty decade(27.2%), followed by the forty, sixty & thirty decade in order. 4. In the contents of chief complaints on the odontogenic infectious patients with major bleeding disorder, peak incidence was occurred as toothache (42.2%), followed by intraoral bleeding, ulcer pain, dental extraction in order. 5. In the diagnosis group of odontogenic infectious diseases, periodontitis, pulpitis and periapical abscess were more common. 6. In the treatment group of odontogenic infectious diseases, the most frequent incidence(44.2%) was showed in primary endodontic drainage(pulp extirpation, occlusal reduction & canal opening drainage) and followed by the incision & drainage, the medications & oral hygiene instruction, scaling, indirect pulp capping in order.

• 지질공학
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2006

본 논문은 도로공사시 발생된 붕괴사면을 대상으로 사면안정성을 검토하고, 불안정할 경우 합리적인 사면보강공법을 제안한 현장사례 연구이다. 사면조사결과 대상사면은 5개의 대규모 인장균열을 포함하고 있으며, 사면활동은 인장균열에서 시작하여 표토층과 풍화암층사이까지 발생된 것으로 판단된다. 사면안정해석은 건기시와 우기시에 대하여 각각 수행되었으며, 대상사면은 현재 불안정한 것으로 예측되었다. 사면보강공법은 사면의 파괴규모에 따라 선정하는 것이 바람직하다. 즉, 파괴규모에 따라 소규모파괴, 중규모파괴, 그리고 대규모파괴로 나누고 각각의 파괴규모에 따라 사면보강공법을 결정할 수 있다. 대상사면의 경우 대규모파괴에 해당하므로 사면보강공법은 안전율증가공으로 억지말뚝공을 채택하고, 안전을 유지공으로 식생공(Seed Spray) 및 지표수배제공을 채택할 수 있다. 억지말뚝으로 보강된 사면의 안정해석을 위하여 SLOPILE(Ver 3.0)프로그램을 적용하였다. 사면안정 해석결과 1열의 억지말뚝을 시공할 경우 안정한 것으로 나타났으며, 해석결과로부터 억지말뚝의 사면안정효과를 확인할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제61권1호
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• pp.97-104
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• 2018

Objective : Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) has proven useful in the study of the natural history of ischemic stroke. However, the potential of DW-MRI for the evaluation of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) has not been established. In this study, we investigated DW-MRI findings of CSDH and evaluated the impact of the image findings on postoperative outcomes of CSDH. Methods : We studied 131 CSDH patients who had undergone single burr hole drainage surgery. The images of the subdural hematomas on preoperative DW-MRI and computed tomography (CT) were divided into three groups based on their signal intensity and density : 1) homogeneous (iso or low) density on CT and homogeneous low signal intensity on DW-MRI; 2) homogeneous (iso or low) density on CT and mixed signal intensity on DW-MRI; and 3) heterogeneous density on CT and mixed signal intensity on DW-MRI. On the basis of postoperative CT, we also divided the patients into 3 groups of surgical outcomes according to residual hematoma and mass effect. Results : Analysis showed statistically significant differences in surgical (A to B : p<0.001, A to C : p<0.001, B to C : p=0.129) and functional (A to B : p=0.039, A to C : p<0.001, B to C : p=0.108) outcomes and treatment failure rates (A to B : p=0.037, A to C : p=0.03, B to C : p=1) between the study groups. In particular, group B and group C showed worse outcomes and higher treatment failure rates than group A. Conclusion : CSDH with homogeneous density on CT was characterized by signal intensity on DW-MRI. In CSDH patients, performing DW-MRI as well as CT helps to predict postoperative treatment failure or complications.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.49-52
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• 2018

Purpose: Tularemia is an infection caused by Francisella tularensis. Its diagnosis and treatment may be difficult in many cases. The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment modalities for pediatric tularemia patients who do not respond to medical treatment. Methods: A single-center, retrospective study was performed. A total of 19 children with oropharyngeal tularemia were included. Results: Before diagnosis, the duration of symptoms in patients was $32.15{\pm}17.8days$. The most common lymph node localization was the cervical chain. All patients received medical treatment (e.g., streptomycin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline). Patients who had been given streptomycin, gentamicin, or doxycycline as initial therapy for 10-14 days showed no response to treatment, and recovery was only achieved after administration of oral ciprofloxacin. Response to treatment was delayed in 5 patients who had been given ciprofloxacin as initial therapy. Surgical incision and drainage were performed in 9 patients (47.5%) who were unresponsive to medical treatment and were experiencing abcess formation and suppuration. Five patients (26.3%) underwent total mass excision, and 2 patients (10.5%) underwent fine-needle aspiration to reach a conclusive differential diagnosis and inform treatment. Conclusion: The causes of treatment failure in tularemia include delay in effective treatment and the development of suppurating lymph nodes.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.736-744
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• 2009

The abrupt failure of slope caused by a concentrated rainfall would be a disaster in this country. Specially, the soil slope may be collapsed by the rainfall seepage, however, there is not much information for the mechanism of slope failure during rainfall. As analyzing the stability of slope by rainfall, the conventional method is to put the ground-water level on the surface of slope. However, it may provide the over-reinforcement for the slope stability. Futhermore, although over-reinforcement for the slope was fulfilled, the possibility of potential slope failure still exists. In this study, the slope stability by the conventional design method and the causes of unstable slope during rainfall were investigated. To analyze the slope stability by rainfall, the computer program SEEP/W for the analysis of seepage was used. As changing the intensity and duration of rainfall in SEEP/W, the analysis were performed. After completion of analysis, the porewater pressure data from SEEP/W was applied to SLOPE/W. As a results of this analysis, it is not reasonable that the groundwater level is going up to the surface of slope during rainfall. Therefore, the conventional reinforcement for the slope stability is not obvious to satisfy the criterion safety factor during rainfall. The reasonable counterplan is to install drainage hole on the surface of slope in order to prevent erosion and debris flow.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.621-628
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• 1997

연구배경 : 흉막의 염증성 변화가 생기면 흉막의 혈관 및 임파관의 투과성의 증가로 인한 혈장단백질의 유입으로 인해 흉막 비후와 격막의 형성으로 인하여 소방이 형성된다. 이러한 소방이 형성된 흉막질환에 있어 흉막강내 섬유소용해 치료의 하나로 유로키나제 치료가 효과적인 것으로 보고되고 있으나, 이에 대한 치료효과 예측을 위한 지표에 대한 연구는 미미한 실정이다. 이에 저자들은 소방이 형성된 흉막질환에서 일반적으로 시행되는 생화학적 지표들과 초음파검사상의 격막의 정도를 이용하여 유로카나제 치료효과에 대한 예측인자에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 1993년 4월부터 1996년 4월까지 인하병원에서 소방이 형성된 흉막삼출액 소견을 보인 35명의 환자를 대상으로 흉부 초음파검사와 흉막삼출액에 대한 생화학적 검사를 시행하였고, 1개의 경피적 도관을 삽입하여 배액량이 100ml/day 이하로 감소되면 유로키나제를 주입하였고 배액량이 50ml/day 이하로 측정되면 유로키나제 주입을 중단하였다. 흉부단순촬영 추적검사에서 50% 이상의 폐실질의 확장을 보이면 치료효과군으로, 50% 미만의 확장을 보이면 치료실패군으로 분류하여, 각군들에 대한 초기 흉막 삼출액의 당, 단백질, LDH, ADA, pH, 백혈구 수와 초음파 상의 격막 정도를 무에코형, 선상 격막형, 벌집형으로 구분하여 비교하였다. 결 과 : 1) 대상환자 35명중 치료효과군은 27명 (77.1%)이었고, 치료실패군은 8명(22.9%)였으며, 성과 연령에 있어서의 차이는 없었다. 2) 치료효과군과 치료실패군 사이의 증상발현 기간에 있어서 치료실패군에서 유의하게 길었으며, 유로키나제 주입치료 기간중의 배액량도 적음을 알 수 있었다. 치료효과군에서 $89.7{\pm}35.9mg/dl$, 치료실패군에서 $41.2{\pm}47.1mg/dl$로 치료실패군에서 의미있게 낮은 결과를 보였으며, LDH는 치료효과군에서 $878.7{\pm}654.3IU/L$, 치료실패군에서 $2711.1{\pm}973.1IU/L$로 치료실패군에서 의미있게 높은 결과를 보였고(P<0.05), 단백질, pH, ADA, 백혈구수에 있어서는 의미있는 차이가 없었다. 결 론 : 이상의 결과로 소방이 형성된 흉막질환에서 경피적 도관 삽입을 통한 유로키나제 주입치료의 효과를 판정할 수 있는 지표로 증상발현 기간이 길수록, 흉막삼출액의 당이 낮을수록, LDH 의 수치가 높을수록, 초음파 검사상 격막의 정도가 심할수록 치료가 어려운 것을 나타내는 예측인자임을 추정할수 있었다.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제79권2호
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• pp.98-100
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• 2016

We present a rare case of critically compromised airway secondary to a massively dilated sequestered colon conduit after several revision surgeries. A 71-year-old male patient had several operations after the diagnosis of gastric cancer. After initial treatment of pneumonia in the pulmonology department, he was transferred to the surgery department for feeding jejunostomy because of recurrent aspiration. However, he had respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. The chest computed tomography (CT) scan showed pneumonic consolidation at both lower lungs and massive dilatation of the substernal interposed colon compressing the trachea. The dilated interposed colon was originated from the right colon, which was sequestered after the recent esophageal reconstruction with left colon interposition resulting blind pouch at both ends. It was treated with CT-guided pigtail catheter drainage via right supraclavicular route, which was left in place for 2 weeks, and then removed. The patient remained well clinically, and was discharged home.