• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.123-134
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• 2013

Urban underground structures at low ground elevations (i.e. shallow substructures) unlike typical tunnel structures are subjected to low overburden and high water pressures. This often causes the underground structures to become damaged. Various conventional methods for the urban underpass structures such as dead weight increasement, round anchors, and tension piles, are significantly conservative and provok concerns about the costly, time-consuming installation process. Recently, permanent drainage system becomes to widely use for supplementing the conventional method's shortcomings, but, it is applied without the considerations for ground conditions and water table. In this study, therefore, numerical analyses are performed with various parameters such as groundwater level, wall height, and ground conditions in order to establish design guidelines for induced drainage system which is a kind of the permanent drainage method constructed at the Y-area. According to the numerical results, the induced drainage system is very effective in reducing the uplift pressure that acts on the base of underpass structures.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.5
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• pp.1192-1200
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• 2007

A general rainfall outflow in urban drainage has early time of concentration because urban drainage areas are most paved area. In general, rainfall outflow is flowed in drainage pump station and is discharged to rivers in urban areas. However it is excluded through drainage pumps about a heavy rainfall which exceed the design rainfall and the rainfall outflows increase the urban inundation risk. A current pump operation is control according to water level of collecting well or reservoir in drain pump station. But recently, the localized downpours are happened frequently in urban drainage and the current pump stations are frequently incapable of the heavy rainfall outflows. In this study, a real urban inundation was simulated and the drain capacity of drain pump station was evaluated by analysis about flood-factor in urban underground passage. Then the analysis about the inundation was done by the simulation about the real rainfall which cause the inundation. Also, in the simulation the inundation risk and the evaluation of flood-factor were analyzed according to change of the pump operation rule.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.65 no.4
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• pp.25-32
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• 2023

KDS (Korean Design Standard) for agricultural drainage is a planning standard that helps determine the appropriate capacity and type of drainage facilities. The objective of this study was to analyze the inundation of the agricultural basin considering the current design standard and the critical rainfall duration. This study used the rainfall durations of 1-48 hour, and the time distribution method with the Chicago and the modified Huff model. For the runoff model, the NRCS (Natural Resources Conservation Service) unit hydrograph method was applied, and the inundation depth and duration were analyzed using area-elevation data. From the inundation analysis using the modified Huff method with different rainfall durations, 4 hours showed the largest peak discharge, and 11 hours showed the largest inundation depth. From the comparison analysis with the current method (Chicago method with a duration of 48 hours) and the modified Huff method applying critical rainfall duration, the current method showed less peak discharge and lower inundation depth compared to the modified Huff method. From the simulation of changing values of drainage rate, the duration of 11 hours showed larger inundation depth and duration compared to the duration of 4 hours. Accordingly, the modified Huff method with the critical rainfall duration would likely be a safer design than the current method. Also, a process of choosing a design hydrograph considering the inundation depth and duration is needed to apply the critical rainfall duration. This study is expected to be helpful for the theoretical basis of the agricultural drainage design standards.

• KCID journal
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2003

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2002.05b
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• pp.855-860
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• 2002

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.10-21
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• 2022

In the South Korea, 47% of abandoned mines are suffering from the mining hazards such as the mine drainage (MD), the mine tailings and the waste rocks. Among them the mine drainage which has a low pH and the high concentration of heavy metals can directly contaminate rivers or soil and cause serious damages to human health. The natural/artificial treatment facilities by using neutralizers and coagulants for the mine drainage have been operated in domestic and most of heavy metals in mind drainage are precipitated and removed in the form of metal hydroxide, alumino-silicate or carbonate, generating a large amount of mine drainage treated sludge ('MDS' hereafter) by-product. The MDS has a large surface area and many functional groups, showing high efficiency on the fixation of heavy metals. The purpose of this study is to develop a ingenious heavy metal stabilizer that can effectively stabilize arsenic (As) and heavy metals in soil by recycling the MDS (two types of MDS: the acid mine drainage treated sludge (MMDS) and the coal mine drainage treated sludge (CMDS)). Various analyses, toxicity evaluations, and leaching reduction batch experiments were performed to identify the characteristics of MDS as the stabilizer for soils contaminated with As and heavy metals. As a result of batch experiments, the Pb stabilization efficiency of both of MDSs for soil A was higher than 90% and their Zn stabilization efficiencies were higher than 70%. In the case of soil B and C, which were contaminated with As, their As stabilization efficiencies were higher than 80%. Experimental results suggested that both of MDSs could be successfully applied for the As and heavy metal contaminated soil as the soil stabilizer, because of their low unit price and high stabilization efficiency for As and hevry metals.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.12
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• pp.981-993
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• 2016

This study explains the GIS database of flood inundation area developed for Samsung-1 Drainage Sector, Seoul, Korea. The XP-SWMM dual drainage model was developed for the study area, and the time series observed at the watershed outlet was used to obtain the watershed time of concentration and to calibrate the XP-SWMM model. The rainfall scenario was developed by dividing the 40 minute watershed time of concentration into two 20-minute time steps and then applying the gradually increasing 5 mm/hr interval rainfall intensity to each of the time step up to 200 mm/hr, which is the probable maximum precipitation of the study area. The developed rainfall scenarios was used as the input of the XP-SWMM model to obtain the database of the flood inundation area. The analysis on the developed GIS database revealed that: (1) For the same increment of the rainfall, the increase of the flooded area can be different, and this was caused by topographic characteristics and spatial formation of pipe network of the study area; (2) For the same flooded area, the spatial extent can be significantly different depending on the temporal distribution of rainfall; and (3) For the same amount of the design rainfall, the flood inundation area and the extent can be significantly different depending on the temporal distribution of rainfall.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.685-693
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• 2015

We propose a method for deriving the relationship between channel width and discharge from remote sensing products. Stream widths at points distributed along a river network can be measured from high-resolution remote imagery. Further, corresponding drainage area for these points can be calculated using digital elevation models, making it possible to construct width-drainage area relation. On the other hand, the relationship between the flow discharge and the drainage area is obtained from historical data measured at ground stations. By coupling these two relationships, we can finally derive the width-discharge relationship which comprises an important component of downstream hydraulic geometry. The proposed method was tested for the Nakdong River and the Seomjin River, successfully capturing power-law exponents in the width-discharge relationships reported in earlier studies. The proposed approach can serve as an alternative for obtaining the hydraulic geometry relationship under the limits of ground data.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.41-46
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• 2009

In this paper, a series of laboratory chamber tests were performed to evaluate the effects of clays mixed into compaction piles due to confining stress of ground on consolidation promoting. For the tests, various compaction piles such as SCP, GCP, and RAPP (Recycled-Aggregate Porous concrete Pile) were used. The ground condition was simulated at 50% and 100% of degree of consolidation. Also, confining stresses were applied to the composite ground corresponding to those of 5m depth. The amount of mixed clays into each compaction pile were estimated by measuring the drainage from the saturated compaction piles. From the test result, it was shown that the drainage area of compaction pile was changing according to the consolidation condition. GCP showed the most change of drainage area as it has relatively large void ratio; however, the amount of change was decreased by progressing consolidation of ground.

• Water for future
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 1977

The stream morphological characteristics of a watershed play a significant role in the analysis of rainfall-runoff relations in a river basin and a quantitative description of these characteristics is essential for determining the appropriate values of physical parameters of a watershed which usually are input data for rainfall-runoff simulation models. In this study the stream morphological characteristics of the Gab River basin, which is one of the three major tributaries of Geum River, was determined quantitatively by the Horton-Strahler's method. The result showed that the Gab River System was developed very closely to the patterns generally described by the laws of Horton. The basic relations concerning the morphological characteristics deriveed in this study are the relations of stream length, and average stream slope, the stream length-drainage area relation, relative height-relative drainage area relation, and the relation between the proportional stream order and drainage area. No correlation analysis was possible between the morphological parameters and the streamflow due to non-existence of the stage gauging stations on the Gab River System.