• 대한기계학회논문집B
• /
• 제22권12호
• /
• pp.1647-1656
• /
• 1998

The drag reduction is the phenomenon that occurs only when the shear stress from the wall of pipe is beyond the critical point. The drag reduction increase as the molecular weight, concentration of the polymer and Reynolds number increase, but it is limited by Virk's maximum drag reduction asymptote. Because of the strong shear force for the polymer on the turbulent flow, the molecular weight and the drag reduction do not decrease. Such mechanical degradation of the polymer occurs in all polymer solvent systems. This paper is to identify and develop high performance polymer additives for fluid transportations with the benefits of turbulent drag reduction. In addition, drag reduction in vertical flow by measuring the pressure drop and local void fraction on vertical-up flow of close system is evaluated.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제41권4호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2004

Direct numerical simulations of turbulent flows over riblet-mounted surfaces are performed to educe the mechanism of drag reduction by riblets. Numerical simulations are performed for flow fields with R $e_$\tau$/=180. For riblet ridge angle $\alpha$=60$^{\circ}$, two different riblet spacings of $s^+/=20 and 40 are used in this study. The computed drag on the riblet surfaces is in good agreement with existing computational and experimental data. The mean velocity profiles show upward and downward shifts in the log-law for drag-decreasing and drag-increasing cases, respectively Turbulence statistics above the riblets are computed and compared with those above a flat plate. The purpose of this study is in two categories: first, to understand the drag reduction mechanism on riblet surface, second, to verify our own code by comparison of the present results with those from previous studies.udies.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
• /
• 제5권2호
• /
• pp.11-20
• /
• 1991

Dilute polymer solutions were injected into turbulent pipe flow of a Newtonian fluid. The local drag reduction for injection of polymer solution at the pipe wall was larger than that at centerline. From the above result we may conclude that the polymer additives were found to influence the flow in the neighborhood of the wall. The effects of the injection apparatus on the local drag reduction are small compared to the drag-reducing effects. The extent of drag reduction increased with polymer concentration and injection flow rate, and the maximum drag reduction obtained were 47% for Polyox Coagulant and 35% for Separan AP-273. In respect to polymer degradation, the polyacrylamide showed better shear stability than the polyethyleneoxide and thus the former expected to have a sharper molecular weight distribution.

• 대한기계학회논문집
• /
• 제13권6호
• /
• pp.1301-1309
• /
• 1989

본 연구의 목적은 Lumley의 저항감소 모델을 사용하여 여러 부하도하에서 부유유동의 유동 특성을 관찰하는 것으로, 특히 저항감소가 일어날 때와 일어나지 않을 때의 유동특성을 알아 보고자 한다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2012년도 제38회 춘계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.527-528
• /
• 2012

플라즈마 유동제어를 통한 공기저항저감을 위해 DBD(Dielectric Barrier Discharge) 플라즈마 구동기를 설계하였고, 2D 시험모델의 풍동시험을 통해 항력저감을 측정하였다. 풍속이 없는 경우에는 유동박리 및 표면마찰저항이 존재하지 않으므로 플라즈마 유동제어를 통한 항력저감도 없었다. 2m/s의 풍속에서 유동박리제어를 통해 항력이 9.7%까지 감소됨을 확인하였으며, 풍속이 증가할수록 항력저감은 감소하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제12권3호
• /
• pp.251-257
• /
• 2000

District heating and cooling systems offer highly efficient energy utilization and maintenance by centralizing heat management. More pumping power, however, is required because the water has to travel long distance from heat source to the users. In the present study, a trace of drag reduction additives is added to the District Cooling system to achieve a significant drag reduction and save pumping power. Water-soluble polymers, surfactants, and environment-friendly degradable polymers are used as effective drag reducing additives. Time dependent percent drag reductions are compared for various additive solutions at 100 wppm concentration for different water velocity. Without as an anionic surfactant, copolymer was most effective in percent drag reduction. It is found that there exists an optimal condition when copolymer is mixed with SDS. An environment-friendly degradable polymer, xanthan gum, is found to be a significant drag reduction additive. Ice slurry systems, can give less pressure drops compared with chilled water system for certain condtions. Drag reduction additives were also effective for the ice slurry system.

• 태양에너지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 1997

본 연구에서는 회전원판 장치를 사용하여 난류 유동장에서의 고분자에 의해 유도되는 마찰저항 감소효과에 대하여 조사하였다. 해양온도차 발전에서 해수를 이동시키는 유동장은 난류상태로 이러한 난류계에 대하여 마찰저항 감소는 충분한 적용가치가 있다. 네가지의 분자량이 다른 PEO를 마찰저항 첨가제로, 실험실에서 제조한 인공해수를 용매로 사용하여 고분자의 분자량, 고분자의 농도와 원판의 회전속도와 괌이 마찰저항 감소효과에 영향을 줄 수 있는 여러 인자들에 대해서 살펴보았다. 마찰저항 감소의 농도의존성은 Virk의 Universal correlation를 따르는 것을 확인하였다. 해수에서도 PEO와 용매간의 Universal 곡선이 증류수를 용매로 하였을 때와 동일함을 확인하였다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2003

For the experiment of the friction drag reduction by microbubble injection, a drag reduction water tunnel was specifically designed and made. Experimental apparatus and procedures were devised and developed for measuring the change of wall friction drag with microbubble injection. For fully-developed channel flows. the change of friction drag with important parameters of microbubble injection is investigated and the experimental data and results obtained are presented. The amount of friction drag reduction up to 25% is observed in the present study.

• 대한조선학회논문집
• /
• 제40권3호
• /
• pp.9-15
• /
• 2003

An experimental study has been carried out as a basic research for development of the friction drag reduction technology for ships by polymer injection. Experimental apparatus and procedures have been devised and prepared to measure the changes of the wall friction with injection of a polymer solution and basic experimental data on the friction drag reduction are obtained for a turbulent fiat-plate boundary layer and fully-developed channel flows. Variations of the friction drag reduction with some important parameters of polymer injection, such as the concentration of polymer solution, its injection flow rate and the measuring position downstream from the injection slot, are also investigated. Important experimental data and results obtained in the present study are presented. The amount of friction drag reduction up to 50% is observed.

• 설비공학논문집
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.733-739
• /
• 1999

A modified low-Re $k-\varepsilon$ model is used for the calculation of drag-reducing turbulent flow by polymer injection in a pipe. With the viscoelastic model, molecular viscosity in the definition of turbulent viscosity is related to elongations viscosity of the solution to account for the effects of drag reduction. Finite volume method is used for the discretization, and power-law scheme is used as a numerical scheme. Computed dimensionless velocity profiles are in good agreements with the experimental data in case of low drag reductions. However, in case of high drag reductions, they deviate largely from the measurements in the central zone of the flow field.