• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2005

The concentrations of natural and artificial radionuclides in soil and gamma ray dose rate in air at 233 locations in Korea have been determined. The national mean concentrations of $^{232}Th,\;^{226}Ra,\;^{40}K,\;^{137}Cs\;and\;^{90}Sr$ in soil were $60{\pm}31,\;33{\pm}14,\;673{\pm}238,\;35{\pm}9.3\;and\;5.0{\pm}3.4\;Bq\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. The mean gamma-ray dose rate at 1 m above the ground was $7918\;nGy\;h^{-1}$. $^{137}Cs$ concentration had highly significant correlation with organic matter content and cation exchange capacity. $^{90}Sr$ concentration had slightly coherent with pH. The results have been compared with other global radioactivity and radiation measurements.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.183-186
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• 1986

고선량율을 이용한 자궁강내 치료시 정확하고 신속한 계산을 위하여 저자들은 개인용 컴퓨터를 이용하여 기준점의 선량분포 및 방사선조사 시간을 간편하게 계산할 수 있는 software를 개발하였다. 치료 계획용 software를 이용하여 짧은 시간내에 선량 분포 및 조사시간을 용이하고 정확하게 계산할 수 있으며, 고선량을 자궁경부암 임상적응에 효과적으로 이용할 수 있어서 보고한다.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.3-9
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• 1991

Brachytherapy is a method of radiotherapy in advantage to achieve better local control with minimum radiation toxicity in comparison with external irradiation because radiation dose is distributed according to the inverse square low of gamma-ray emitted from the implanted sources. The main characteristics of brachytherapy are delivering of higher dose to target volume shortening of total treatment period and sparing of normal tissue. Recent development of iridium ribbons for low dose rate implant provides improvement of technology of brachytherapy in terms of safety and efficiency. High dose rate method. on the other hand, is effective to avoid unnecessary expoure of medical personnel.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.115-121
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• 2000

To evaluate the cytotoxicity of cadmium compounds, this study was conducted to measure the in vitro magnetometry, LDH release and cellular apoptosis using alveolar macrophages of hamsters. A series of magnetometric measurements in cadmium-added groups showed a significant dose-dependent decay of the relaxation curves. The LDH release rates showed a dose-dependently increasing tendency as the dose gradually increased. The positive rates of apoptosis were significantly higher in cadmium-added groups than the control groups. Conclusively, the cytotoxicity increased in a dose dependent way as the concentration of cadmium added increased, which reflected in the decay of relaxation curve in magnetometry, and increased LDH release rate and positive rate of apoptosis.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.146-155
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• 2016

As the probability of exposure to radiation increases due to an increase in the use of radioisotopes and radiation generators, the importance of a radiation safety management field is being highlighted. We intend to help radiation workers with exposure management by identifying the degree of radiation exposure and contamination to determine an efficient method of radiation safety management. The personal exposure doses of the radiation workers at the Korea Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences measured every quarter during a five-year period from Jan. 1, 2011 till Dec. 31, 2015 were analyzed using a TLD (thermoluminescence dosimeter). The spatial dose rates of radiation-controlled areas were measured using a portable radioscope, and the level of surface contamination was measured at weekly intervals using a piece of smear paper and a low background alpha/beta counter. Though the averages of the depth doses and the surface doses in 2012 increased from those in 2011 by about 14%, the averages were shown to have decreased every year after that. The exposure dose of 27 mSv in 2012 increased from that in 2011 in radiopharmaceutical laboratories and, in the case of the spatial dose rate, the rate of decrease in 2012 was shown to be similar to the annual trend of the whole institute. In the case of the surface contamination level, as the remaining radiation-controlled area with the exception of the I-131 treatment ward showed a low value less than $1.0kBq/m^2$, the annual trend of the I-131 treatment ward was shown to be similar to that of the entire institute. In conclusion, continuous attention should be paid to dose monitoring of the radiation-controlled areas where unsealed sources are handled and the workers therein.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.813-818
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• 2014

Aims: To describe our institutional experience with high dose rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy (IBT) compared with previously reported results on the low dose rate (LDR) practice for head and neck cancer. Materials and Methods: Eighty-four patients with oral cavity (n=70) or oropharyngeal cancer (n=14) were treated with 192Ir HDR-IBT. Seventy-eight patients had stage I or II tumour. The patients treated with IBT alone (n=42) received 39-42 Gy/10-14 fractions (median=40 Gy/10 fractions). With respect to the combination therapy group (n=42), prescription dose comprised of 12-18 Gy/3-6 fractions (median=15 Gy/5 fractions) for IBT and 40-50 Gy/20-25 fractions (median=50 Gy/25 fractions) for external radiotherapy. Brachytherapy was given as 2 fractions per day 6 hours apart with 4 Gy per fraction for monotherapy and 3 Gy per fraction for combination therapy. Results: Four patients were not evaluable in the analysis of outcome. The primary site relapse rates were 23.8% (10/42) and 68.4% (26/38) in patients treated with IBT alone and combination therapy, respectively (p<0.001). Salvage surgery was performed in 19 patients. The 5-year local control rate was estimated at 62% and the disease-free survival (DFS) rate at 52% for all patients. Local control with respect to T1 and T2 tumours was 84% and 42%, respectively. Conclusions: Our present series on HDR-IBT and the previous report on LDR-IBT for head and neck cancer demonstrated similar DFS rates at 5 years (52%). The rate of regional failure in node-negative patients was <20% in both of our series. HDR-IBT offers similar results to LDR-IBT for head and neck cancer.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.245-255
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• 2021

In this study, we evaluated the effect of the type of sewage sludge (digested, non digested) on drying efficiency according to the polymer injection rate. The drying characteristics were shown using a near-infrared ray (NIR) and a microwave. As a result of the drying characteristics with NIR at a polymer dose ratio of 8%, the heating up period is up to 6 minutes after the start of the drying experiment. Afterwards, the constant rate drying period of the digested sludge (A, C and G sites) was 6 minute → 18 minute, showing a rapid decrease in moisture. On the other hand, non digested sludge (B, D, E, F, H, I, J and K sites) showed gradual drying characteristics compared to digested sludge until complete drying (10%). As the polymer dose ratio of 10% and 12%, the heating up period for digested sludge is up to 6 minute after the start of the experiment. Afterwards, the constant rate drying period of the digested sludge was 6 minute → 20 minute, showing a rapid decrease in moisture. On the other hand, the heating up period of non digested sludge was up to 10 minute after the start of the experiment, and the constant rate drying period was 10 minute → 22 minute, which was shorter than digested sludge. As a result of the drying characteristics with microwave at a polymer dose ratio of 8%, 10% and 12%, the constant rate drying period the digested sludge was 4 minute → 20~22 minute, showing a rapid decrease in moisture. On the other hand, non digested sludge of the constant rate drying period was 4 minute → 22~30 minute, which was longer than digested sludge.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.213-219
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• 2007

중재적 시술의 시술자를 대상으로 방사선 방호용구의 안과 밖의 실제 방사선량을 측정하여 이를 바탕으로 방사선 방호용구의 방사선 차폐율을 비교 분석하는 것이다. 2005년 5월부터 9월까지 중재적 시술 중에서 시행 빈도가 높은 TACE, PTBD를 시행하는 중재적 시술자 4인에게 방사선 방호용구의 착용 시 피폭선량 감쇄효과를 측정하기 위해 각 신체부위별 방호용구 안과 밖에 TLD를 부착하여 피폭선량을 측정하였다. TLD 부착부위는 Goggle inside, Goggle outside, Thyroid protector inside, Thyroid protector outside, Apron inside(waist level), Apron outside(upper chest level), Hand 4th finger(ring type TLD)와 환경방사선을 측정하기 위해 TLD 10개를 Control room 여러 곳에 위치시켰다. TACE 검사시 0.07 mmPb Goggle의 사용으로 연속투시방식에서는 평균 53.8%의 선량율감쇄를 보였으며 펄스투시방식에서는 77.6%의 감쇄효과를 보였고, 0.5 mmPb Thyroid protector의 사용에서는 연속투시방식에서는 평균 88.9%의 선량율감쇄를 보였으며 펄스투시방식에서는 92.8%로 선량율감쇄에서는 유의한 차이가 없었다. PTBD 검사시 0.07 mmPb Goggle의 사용으로 평균 62.7%의 선량율감쇄를 보였으며, 0.5 mmPb Thyroid protector의 사용에서는 평균 89.1% 선량율이 감쇄 되었고 0.5 mmPb Apron의 사용에서도 평균 87.9%의 감쇄효과가 있었다. PTBD 시술은 TACE 시술에 비해 평균 투시시간은 6.14 min이나 적었으나 피폭선량은 체부에서 약 3배, 손에서는 40배 이상 피폭되었다. 납당량이 두꺼운 방호용구를 착용하거나 최소한 권고되어지는 0.5 mmPb 이상의 것을 착용하여야 하며, 시술시 눈을 보호하는 Goggle의 착용을 생활화해야 한다. 테이블 아래쪽에 납커튼을 장착하면 복부의 피폭선량율은 평균 38.4% 감쇄하므로 납커튼을 장착하여 산란선을 차폐하여야 한다. 펄스투시방식을 이용하면 연속투시에 비해 피폭선량율이 평균 59.0% 감쇄되므로 연속투시보다 펄스투시방식을 선택하여 피폭선량을 감소시켜야 한다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2017년도 추계학술논문요약집
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• pp.325-326
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• 2017

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권16호
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• pp.7167-7170
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• 2015

Background: Although 3D image based brachytherapy is currently the standard of treatment in cervical cancer, most of the centres in developing countries still practice orthogonal intracavitary brachytherapy due to financial constraints. The quest for optimum dose and fractionation schedule in high dose rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (ICBT) is still ongoing. While the American Brachytherapy Society recommends four to eight fractions of each less than 7.5 Gy, there are some studies demonstrating similar efficacy and comparable toxicity with higher doses per fraction. Objective: To assess the treatment efficacy and late complications of HDR ICBT with 9 Gy per fraction in two fractions. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective institutional study in Southern India carried on from $1^{st}$ June 2012 to $31^{st}$ July 2014. In this period, 76 patients of cervical cancer satisfying our inclusion criteria were treated with concurrent chemo-radiation following ICBT with 9 Gy per fraction in two fractions, five to seven days apart. Results: The median follow-up period in the study was 24 months (range 10.6 - 31.2 months). The 2 year actuarial local control rate, disease-free survival and overall survival were 88.1%, 84.2% and 81.8% respectively. Although 38.2% patients suffered from late toxicity, only 3 patients had grade III late toxicity. Conclusions: In our experience, HDR brachytherapy with 9 Gy per fraction in two fractions is an effective dose fractionation for the treatment of cervical cancer with acceptable toxicity.