• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제42권1호`
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• pp.29-37
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• 2005

다중반송파 변조방식의 주요한 문제점중의 하나는 도플러 천이에 의한 주파수 옵셋에 민감하다는 점이다. 주파수 옵셋은 다중반송파 변조된 신호의 주파수 중첩으로 인한 반송파간의 간섭을 야기시킨다. 그러나 채널변화에 따른 도플러 천이는 또 다른 다이버시티 이득을 제공할 수 있는 요소가 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 변형된 다중반송파 코드분할 다중접속(multicarrier CDMA) 시스템을 제안함으로써 다중경로 다이버시티외에 도플러 다이버시티를 이용할 수 있게 하였다. 이를 위하여 이동 무선채널을 독립적인 시간 및 주파수 페이딩 채널로 분해하고 시간 다이버시티를 이용하는 레이크 수신기를 주파수영역으로 확장하므로써 다중경로 및 도플러 다이버시티 이득을 동시에 얻을 수 있도록 하였다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.96-102
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• 2023

In this paper, we proposed Channel Transfer Function estimation based on Delay and Doppler Profile for underwater acoustic OFDM communication system. It improved the estimation accuracy of the channel transfer function by linear time interpolation the change of Scattered Pilot (SP) insertion frequency in the time direction and the time by Delay and Doppler profile that analyzes the multipath situation of the channel investigated the performance of interpolation by simulation and report it. Previous works is inserted SP every 4 OFDM. It was effective under the environment without multipath, but it has observed that the effect of CTF compensation has been lowered in multipath channel condition. In addition to be better when inserted SP every 2 OFDM. But the amount of sending data will be decrease. Therefore, we conducted research to improve 4 OFDM with new interpolator. A computer simulation was performed as a comparison of SP inserted every 4 OFDM, SP inserted every 2 OFDM, and 4 OFDM with new interpolator. the performance of the proposed system is overwhelmingly improved, and the performance is slightly improved even 64 QAM.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2023

This paper proposes a method to extend Inter-Carrier Interference (ICI) canceling Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receivers for 5G mobile systems to spatial multiplexing 2×2 MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) systems to support high-speed ground transportation services by linear motor cars traveling at 500 km/h. In Japan, linear-motor high-speed ground transportation service is scheduled to begin in 2027. To expand the coverage area of base stations, 5G mobile systems in high-speed moving trains will have multiple base station antennas transmitting the same downlink (DL) signal, forming an expanded cell size along the train rails. 5G terminals in a fast-moving train can cause the forward and backward antenna signals to be Doppler-shifted in opposite directions, so the receiver in the train may have trouble estimating the exact channel transfer function (CTF) for demodulation. A receiver in such high-speed train sees the transmission channel which is composed of multiple Doppler-shifted propagation paths. Then, a loss of sub-carrier orthogonality due to Doppler-spread channels causes ICI. The ICI Canceller is realized by the following three steps. First, using the Demodulation Reference Symbol (DMRS) pilot signals, it analyzes three parameters such as attenuation, relative delay, and Doppler-shift of each multi-path component. Secondly, based on the sets of three parameters, Channel Transfer Function (CTF) of sender sub-carrier number n to receiver sub-carrier number l is generated. In case of n≠l, the CTF corresponds to ICI factor. Thirdly, since ICI factor is obtained, by applying ICI reverse operation by Multi-Tap Equalizer, ICI canceling can be realized. ICI canceling performance has been simulated assuming severe channel condition such as 500 km/h, 8 path reverse Doppler Shift for QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM and 256QAM modulations. In particular, 2×2MIMO QPSK and 16QAM modulation schemes, BER (Bit Error Rate) improvement was observed when the number of taps in the multi-tap equalizer was set to 31 or more taps, at a moving speed of 500 km/h and in an 8-pass reverse doppler shift environment.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2023

This paper proposed an Inter-Carrier-Interference (ICI) Canceling Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) receiver for 5G mobile system to support 500 km/h linear motor high speed terrestrial transportation service. A receiver in such high-speed train sees the transmission channel which is composed of multiple Doppler-shifted propagation paths. Then, a loss of sub-carrier orthogonality due to Doppler-spread channels causes ICI. The ICI Canceler is realized by the following three steps. First, using the Demodulation Reference Symbol (DMRS) pilot signals, it analyzes three parameters such as attenuation, relative delay, and Doppler-shift of each multi-path component. Secondly, based on the sets of three parameters, Channel Transfer Function (CTF) of sender sub-carrier number 𝒏 to receiver sub-carrier number 𝒍 is generated. In case of 𝒏≠𝒍, the CTF corresponds to ICI factor. Thirdly, since ICI factor is obtained, by applying ICI reverse operation by Multi-Tap Equalizer, ICI canceling can be realized. ICI canceling performance has been simulated assuming severe channel condition such as 500 km/h, 2 path reverse Doppler Shift for QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM and 256QAM modulations. In particular, for modulation schemes below 16QAM, we confirmed that the difference between BER in a 2 path reverse Doppler shift environment and stationary environment at a moving speed of 500 km/h was very small when the number of taps in the multi-tap equalizer was set to 31 taps or more. We also confirmed that the BER performance in high-speed mobile communications for multi-level modulation schemes above 64QAM is dramatically improved by the use of a multi-tap equalizer.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2001년도 하계학술대회 논문집 D
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• pp.2606-2609
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• 2001

We propose a robust channel equalization algorithm. which is called a 1-tap additional coefficient decision feedback equalizer(ACDFE), to improve the Doppler shift performance for the OFDM receiver. The algorithm is based on the frequency domain DFE with additional coefficients which are independent of the OFDM subcarriers. Test results on OFDM-16QAM signals confirm that the proposed ACDFE is robust against fading channel due to Doppler shifts and outperforms the conventional DFE in terms of SER, MSE, and convergence speed.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.634-644
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• 2016

Channel-based radio-frequency fingerprinting such as a channel impulse response (CIR), channel transfer function (CTF), and frequency coherence function (FCF) have been recently proposed to improve the accuracy at the physical layer; however, their empirical performance, advantages, and limitations have not been well reported. This paper provides a comprehensive empirical performance evaluation of RF location fingerprinting, focusing on a comparison of received-signal strength, CIR-, CTF-, and FCF-based fingerprinting using the weighted k-nearest neighbor pattern recognition technique. Frequency domain channel measurements in the IEEE 802.11 band taken on a university campus were used to evaluate the accuracy of the fingerprinting types and their robustness to human-induced motion perturbations of the channel. The localization performance was analyzed, and the results are described using the spatial and temporal radio propagation characteristics. In particular, we introduce the coherence region to explain the spatial properties and investigate the impact of the Doppler spread in time-varying channels on the time coherence of RF fingerprint structures.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2015

수중음향통신 채널은 해수면의 시변동성, 해저지형, 음속 분포 및 송수신단 사이의 기하학적인 구조 등에 따라 매우 복잡한 형태의 채널 특성을 나타낸다. 특히, 바람과 해류에 의한 시변동성과 도플러 효과를 갖는다. 이러한 수중음향통신 환경에서 전송 효율을 높이기 위해서는 변화하는 채널의 상태를 파악하고 통신기법에 적용시켜야 한다. 이 논문에서는 채널 시변동 매개변수 가운데 도플러 주파수 추정을 위하여 모호 함수와 자기상관 기법을 적용한 프레임 재귀 변복조 방식을 제안하고, 모의실험과 실제 남해에서의 해상실험을 통해 성능을 확인하였다. 해상실험 결과 채널 부호화 기법을 적용하지 않은 경우, 기존의 방법에 비해 제안한 방법의 비트 오류율이 약 32% 향상되었다.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제28권11호
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• pp.920-923
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 고속 주행환경 채널 측정에 적합한 SIMO 채널 사운더의 내부 파라미터를 설계하고, 5.89GHz C-ITS가 시범 설치된 여주 스마트 하이웨이에서 제안된 측정 방식을 적용하여 광대역 채널 특성을 측정하고 결과를 분석한다. 실 환경에 적합한 수신 배열 구조 설계를 바탕으로 도플러 위상 변화에 대한 선형 기울기 보상방식을 적용하여, 멀티패스 환경에서 도래각 정보 및 주변 환경에 의한 도플러 영향에 대하여 신뢰할 수 있는 결과를 제시하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.5841-5846
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 도플러 대역폭이 채널 사운딩에 미치는 영향을 고려한다. 이를 위해 먼저 수학적인 공식을 전개한 후에 단순한 상관기와 MMSE를 비교한다. 시간 변화의 영향을 평가하기 위하여 MMSE와 상관기의 성능은 SISO 환경하에서 다양한 도플러 대역폭 값을 적용하여 분석한다. 시뮬레이션 결과를 통하여 $f_dT$ 값이 증가할수록 MMSE와 상관기의 성능은 더 열화되며 MMSE의 성능은 상관기에 비해 향상됨을 보인다 또한 정확한 채널 정보가 알려져 있지 않을 경우의 성능 열화에 대해서도 고려한다. 채널 정보의 부정확도가 낮을 경우에는 여전히MMSE의 성능이 좋지만 채널 정보의 부정확성이 커질수록 상관기의 성능이 더 좋아짐을 보인다. 본 연구는 기존에 직관적으로 시행해 왔던 MMSE와 성관기의 성능 분석을 위한 시뮬레이션에 추가적으로 수학적인 접근법을 제공하여 그 응용분야를 넓혀 갈 수 있음을 보인다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• 제21권1E호
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• pp.18-24
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• 2002

This paper discusses the development of an acoustic vector channel simulator for the performance analysis of an acoustic digital communication system. The channel simulator consists of transmission module, acoustic channel model, receiver, beamformer, and adaptive equalizer. The source signal (QPSK) is generated by the specified parameters. The transmitted signal generates multipath signals which have a different delay, amplitude and doppler frequency. The paper presents in details the approach to the performance analysis of an acoustic digital communication system according to the antenna structure and the various baseband signal processing techniques.