• 지능정보연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.43-61
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• 2019

최근 4차 산업혁명과 함께 인공지능 기술에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며, 이전의 그 어느 때보다도 기술의 발전이 빠르게 진행되고 있는 추세이다. 이러한 인공지능 환경에서 양질의 지식베이스는 인공지능 기술의 향상 및 사용자 경험을 높이기 위한 기반 기술로써 중요한 역할을 하고 있다. 특히 최근에는 인공지능 스피커를 통한 질의응답과 같은 서비스의 기반 지식으로 활용되고 있다. 하지만 지식베이스를 구축하는 것은 사람의 많은 노력을 요하며, 이로 인해 지식을 구축하는데 많은 시간과 비용이 소모된다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 연구에서는 기계학습을 이용하여 지식베이스의 구조에 따라 학습을 수행하고, 이를 통해 자연어 문서로부터 지식을 추출하여 지식화하는 방법에 대해 제안하고자 한다. 이러한 방법의 적절성을 보이기 위해 DBpedia 온톨로지의 구조를 기반으로 학습을 수행하여 지식을 구축할 것이다. 즉, DBpedia의 온톨로지 구조에 따라 위키피디아 문서에 기술되어 있는 인포박스를 이용하여 학습을 수행하고 이를 바탕으로 자연어 텍스트로부터 지식을 추출하여 온톨로지화하기 위한 방법론을 제안하고자 한다. 학습을 바탕으로 지식을 추출하기 위한 과정은 문서 분류, 적합 문장 분류, 그리고 지식 추출 및 지식베이스 변환의 과정으로 이루어진다. 이와 같은 방법론에 따라 실제 지식 추출을 위한 플랫폼을 구축하였으며, 실험을 통해 본 연구에서 제안하고자 하는 방법론이 지식을 확장하는데 있어 유용하게 활용될 수 있음을 증명하였다. 이러한 방법을 통해 구축된 지식은 향후 지식베이스를 기반으로 한 인공지능을 위해 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.145-162
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• 2023

자산운용은 수많은 변수와 인간의 심리까지도 통찰해야 하는 복잡하고 어려운 분야이다. 따라서 전통적으로 전문가의 영역이었으며, 이러한 서비스를 받는 데 많은 비용이 들었다. 이러한 시장에 변화가 일어나고 있는데, 이른바 4차산업혁명으로 일컫는 디지털혁명이 그 동인이다. 그 중에서도 인공지능(Artificial Intelligence) 기술을 활용한 로보어드바이저(Robo-Advisor) 서비스는 그 백미이다. 편리한 접근성과 저렴한 비용으로 투자자문 서비스의 대중화가 가능하기 때문이다. 본 연구는 국내에서 서비스 사용자와 제공자의 로보어드바이저 선정 시, 어떤 요인들이 핵심적으로 중요한지, 또한 사용자와 제공자 집단 간의 선정요인에서 어떤 인식차이가 있는지를 밝히고자 하였다. 연구의 틀은 마케팅믹스 4C 모형을 기반으로 하였고, 모형의 설계와 분석은 델파이조사와 AHP를 활용하였다. 연구설계를 통해 4개의 주기준과 15개의 하부기준이 도출되었고, 연구의 발견내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 4개 주기준에서의 중요도는 양 집단 공히, 고객니즈> 고객편의> 고객비용> 고객소통 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 15개의 하부기준들을 살펴보면 투자목적 Coverage, 투자성향 Coverage, 수수료 수준과 접근 편리성 요인이 가장 중요한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 집단 간을 비교하여 살펴보면 사용자 집단에서는 수수료 수준과 접근 편리성 요인이 가장 중요하게 나타났고, 제공자 집단에서는 투자목적 Coverage와 투자성향 Coverage 요인을 중요하게 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 실무적으로 유용한 시사점을 도출하였다. 먼저 로보어드바이저 서비스 확산을 위한 설계 시, 4개의 주기준과 15개 하부기준 가중치 차이에 따른 중요도 우선순위를 감안하여 사용자 지향적인 시스템 구축을 할 수 있는 근거를 마련하였다. 또한 집단 비교에서 나타난 각 하부기준의 우선순위 차이와, 가중치 차이가 큰 하부기준들에 대한 원인 파악, 제공자 집단 내의 전략/마케팅 담당과 시스템개발 담당 간 요인에 대한 인식 차이를 해소하기 위한 공감대 형성 등이 매우 중요함을 제시하였다. 학문적으로는 다수의 로보어드바이저 선정요인들을 도출함으로써 다양한 시각과 관점을 제시한 초기 연구라는 점에서 유의미하다. 본 연구의 발견점들을 통하여 국내에서도 성공적인 사용자 지향적 로보어드바이저 시스템을 구축하고 확산시켜 사용자들에게 도움을 줄 수 있기 기대한다.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.51-66
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• 2006

미국 해양대기청의 CCM3 기후모델을 이용하여 마지막최대빙하기 (Last Glacial Maximum (LGM))의 동아시아기후변화를 시뮬레이션 하였다. 이용된 수치모델의 수평해상도는 약 75km로 동아시아의 비교적 상세한 지형 및 기후 기작들이 표현된다. 현재 기후는 미국 해양대기청 에서 제공한 월평균 표층해수가 경계조건으로 이용되었으며, LGM 실험은 CLIMAP 프로젝트에서 복원된 표층해수가 경계조건으로 이용되었다. 또한 LGM실험에서는 현재 의 이산화탄소농도(330 ppm) 보다 낮았던 대기 이산화탄소농도 (200 ppm)가 적용되었고, 대륙빙하를 포함한 LGM 지표지형이 표현되었다. LGM 경계조건하에서 한국 서해와 동해의 대륙사면에서는 표층 온도가 겨울철에 약 18도 정도 현재보다 낮게 나타나며, 여름철에는 약 2도 정도 높게 나타나는데, 이와 같은 온도 변화는 한국 서해가 빙하기때 해수면 하강에 따라 지표로 드러남으로서 표층 열용량의 차이가 나타나기 때문이다. 전체적으로 마지막최대빙하기에 동아시아 내륙에서는 표층온도가 약 4-6도 감소하며, 주변해역을 포함하여 약 7.1도 하강하는 것으로 시뮬레이션 되는데, 이와 같은 온도감소는 이산화탄소농도 감소에 따른 장파복사량의 증가에 기인한다. 표층의 온도감소는 물수지의 약화를 초래하는데, 겨울철 아시아의 남동부에서 강수량이 약 1-4 mm/day 감소하며, 여름철에는 중국에서의 감수감소가 나타난다. 대체로 마지막최대 빙하기동안 동북아시아에서 현재보다 약 50%정도 감수가 감소하는 것으로 시뮬레이션 된다. 증발량도 감소하는 것으로 나타나지만, 강수의 감소가 더 커서 지난빙하기동안 동아시아는 대체로 건조한 기후가 나타나며, 이와 같은 결과는 다른 지역에서 보이고 있는 결과와 잘 일치한다. 결론적으로 고해상도 수치모델은 전 지구 영역 하에서 동아시아의 기후변화를 잘 시뮬레이션 하고 있다.mu}M$에서 $9.1{\mu}M$까지, 알테미아 경우 $16.13{\mu}M$에서 $45.8{\mu}M$까지, 그리고 배합 사료 공급시에는 $36.5{\mu}M$에서 $120.1{\mu}M$까지 상승하였다. 일간 수질 변화에 따른 용존 무기 질소(로티퍼; 7.0 g/일, 알테미아; 24.7 g/일, 배합 사료; 140.9 g/일)와 인(로티퍼; 0.7 g/일, 알테미아; 0.7 g/일, 배합 사료; 2.2 g/일) 배출량은 배합 사료 공급 시기에 유의적으로 높았다(P<0.05). 이와 같은 결과는 상업적 볼락 대량 종묘 시설에서 사육 시스템 내 수질 및 사육 관리를 위한 중요한 정보를 제공할 것이다.였다. 2종의 박하 추출물 투여군들 사이에는 혈청 GPT 활성에 대한 유의적인 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 7.과산화물질 (TBARS)의 함량은 정상군에 비해 음성대조군에서 약간의 함량 증가가 관찰되었으나 유의적인 수준은 아니었으며 대부분의 박하 추출물 투여군과 Silymarin 투여군에서 과산화지질이 비슷한 수준으로 증가하여 박하는 알콜에 의한 과간화지질생성에 대한 저해효과가 낮은 것으로 확인되었다. 8. 상대간장중량은 각 실험군별로 상대간장중량에서의 차이는 다소 있었으나 유의성은 없었다.mg/ml로 한 EtOAc 분획물은 26의 돌연변이 유발성을 보였다. 이상의 결과로 부터 뽕나무를 이용한 식용 제품생산을 고려할 때 추출물들의 제조와 선택을 가름하는 자료로서의 활용이 기대되며 앞으로 in vivo test 등 더욱 연구할 필요가 있을 것으로 사료된다.0^{-4}\;pg/cell$로 60 kHz로 병행 추출한 복분자 water 분획층의 $19.5{\times}10^{-4}\;pg/cell$보다 높은 분비량을 나타내었다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.131-145
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• 2020

산업혁신의 흐름에 발맞추어 다양한 분야에서 활용되고 있는 IoT 기술은 빅데이터의 접목을 통한 새로운 비즈니스 모델의 창출 및 사용자 친화적 서비스 제공의 핵심적인 요소로 부각되고 있다. 사물인터넷이 적용된 디바이스에서 누적된 데이터는 사용자 환경 및 패턴 분석을 통해 맞춤형 지능 시스템을 제공해줄 수 있어 편의 기반 스마트 시스템 구축에 다방면으로 활용되고 있다. 최근에는 이를 공공영역 혁신에 확대 적용하여 CCTV를 활용한 교통 범죄 문제 해결 등 스마트시티, 스마트 교통 등에 활용하고 있다. 그러나 이미지 데이터를 활용하는 기존 연구에서는 개인에 대한 사생활 침해 문제 및 비(非)일반적 상황에서 객체 감지 성능이 저하되는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에 활용된 IoT 디바이스 기반의 센서 데이터는 개인에 대한 식별이 불필요해 사생활 이슈로부터 자유로운 데이터로, 불특정 다수를 위한 지능형 공공서비스 구축에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있다. 대다수의 국민들이 일상적으로 활용하는 도시철도에서의 지능형 보행자 트래킹 시스템에 IoT 기반의 적외선 센서 디바이스를 활용하고자 하였으며 센서로부터 측정된 온도 데이터를 실시간 송출하고, CNN-LSTM(Convolutional Neural Network-Long Short Term Memory) 알고리즘을 활용하여 구간 내 보행 인원의 수를 예측하고자 하였다. 실험 결과 MLP(Multi-Layer Perceptron) 및 LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory), RNN-LSTM(Recurrent Neural Network-Long Short Term Memory)에 비해 제안한 CNN-LSTM 하이브리드 모형이 가장 우수한 예측성능을 보임을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서 제안한 디바이스 및 모델을 활용하여 그간 개인정보와 관련된 법적 문제로 인해 서비스 제공이 미흡했던 대중교통 내 실시간 모니터링 및 혼잡도 기반의 위기상황 대응 서비스 등 종합적 메트로 서비스를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.219-239
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• 2019

개인에게 맞춤형 서비스를 제공하는 것이 중요해지면서 개인화 추천 시스템 관련 연구들이 끊임없이 이루어지고 있다. 추천 시스템 중 협업 필터링은 학계 및 산업계에서 가장 많이 사용되고 있다. 다만 사용자들의 평점 혹은 사용 여부와 같은 정량적인 정보에 국한하여 추천이 이루어져 정확도가 떨어진다는 문제가 제기되고 있다. 이와 같은 문제를 해결하기 위해 현재까지 많은 연구에서 정량적 정보 외에 다른 정보들을 활용하여 추천 시스템의 성능을 개선하려는 시도가 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 리뷰를 이용한 감성 분석이 대표적이지만, 기존의 연구에서는 감성 분석의 결과를 추천 시스템에 직접적으로 반영하지 못한다는 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 리뷰에 나타난 감성을 수치화하여 평점에 반영하는 것을 목표로 한다. 즉, 사용자가 직접 작성한 리뷰를 감성 수치화하여 정량적인 정보로 변환해 추천 시스템에 직접 반영할 수 있는 새로운 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이를 위해서는 정성적인 정보인 사용자들의 리뷰를 정량화 시켜야 하므로, 본 연구에서는 텍스트 마이닝의 감성 분석 기법을 통해 감성 수치를 산출하였다. 데이터는 영화 리뷰를 대상으로 하여 도메인 맞춤형 감성 사전을 구축하고, 이를 기반으로 리뷰의 감성점수를 산출한다. 본 논문에서 사용자 리뷰의 감성 수치를 반영한 협업 필터링이 평점만을 고려하는 전통적인 방식의 협업 필터링과 비교하여 우수한 정확도를 나타내는 것을 확인하였다. 이후 제안된 모델이 더 개선된 방식이라고 할 근거를 확보하기 위해 paired t-test 검증을 시도했고, 제안된 모델이 더 우수하다는 결론을 도출하였다. 본 연구에서는 평점만으로 사용자의 감성을 판단한 기존의 선행연구들이 가지는 한계를 극복하고자 리뷰를 수치화하여 기존의 평점 시스템보다 사용자의 의견을 더 정교하게 추천 시스템에 반영시켜 정확도를 향상시켰다. 이를 기반으로 추가적으로 다양한 분석을 시행한다면 추천의 정확도가 더 높아질 것으로 기대된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1985

The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70$\pm$1.32mmHg/min)compared to CF dialyzers(4.32$\pm$0.55mmHg/min)(p<0.05). However, there was no observable difference in the UFR between the two dialyzers. Neither APD nor UFR showed any significant increase with an increasing number of reuses for up to more than 20reuses. A substantial number of failures observed in APD(larger than 20mmHe/min)on the reused dialyzers(2 out of 40 CP and S out 26 C-DAK) were attributed to the Possible damage on the fibers. The CF 15-11 HFDs which failed APD test did not show changes in the UFR compared to normal dialyzers indicating that APD is a more sensitive test than UFR test to evaluate the integrity of the fibers. 30527 T00401030527 ^x For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic strip, a prototype old reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate reflectance parameters. The strip was illuminated at 45˚c through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectanguLat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500, 550, 570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/41 about glucose, a saturation state of abforbance was observed at 500, 550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm. 30535 T00401030535 ^x Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided into two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weight). The other group received no Photofrin II. Mice from both groups were irradialed for approximately 15 minutes at 100, 300, or 500 mW/cm2 with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photolfrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to 300 mW/cm2 irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Light and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise. 30536 T00401030536 ^x We investigated the structural geometry of thirty-eight Korean femurs. The purpose of this study is to identify major geometrical differences between Korean femurs 3nd others that we believe belong to Caucasians so that we would be able to get insights into the femoral component design that fits Asians including Koreans. We utilized computerized tomography (CT) images of femurs extracted from cadavers. The CT images were transformed into bitmap data by using a film scanner, and then analyzed by using a commercially available software called Image v.1.0 and a Macintosh IIci computer.The resulting data were compared with already published data. The major results show that the geometry of the Korean femurs is significantly different from that of Caucasians: (1) the anteversion angle and the canal flare index are greater by the amount of approximately 8˚ and 0.5, respectively, (2) the shape of the isthmus cross section is more round, and (3) the distance between the teaser trochanter and the proximal border of the isthmus is shelter by about 15 mm. The results suggested that the femoral component suitable for Asians should be different from the currently-used components designed and manufactured mostly by European or American companies. 30537 T00401030537 ^x It is well known that nonlinear propagation characteristics of the wave in the tissue may give very useful information for the medical diagnoisis. In this paper, a new method to detect nonlinear propagation characteristics of the internal vibration in the tissue for the low frequency mechanical vibration by using bispectral analysis is proposed. In the method, low frequency vibration of f0( = 100Hz) is applied on the surface of the object, and the waveform of the internal vibration x (t) is measured from Doppler frequency modulation of silmultaneously transmitted probing ultrasonic waves. Then, the bispectra of the signal x (t) at the frequencies (f0, f0) and (f0, 2f0) are calculated to estimate the nonlinear propagation characteristics as their magnitude ratio, w here since bispectrum is free from the gaussian additive noise we can get the value with high S/N. Basic experimental system is constructed by using 3.0 MHz probing ultrasonic waves and the several experiments are carried out for some phantoms. Results show the superiority of the proposed method to the conventional method using power spectrum and also its usefulness for the tissue characterization. 30541 T00401030541 ^x This paper describes the implementation of a computerized radial pulse diagnosis by aids of a clinical expert. On this base, we composed of the radial pulse diagnosis system in korean traditional medicine. The system composed of a radial pulse wave detection system and a radial pulse diagnosis system. With a detection system, we detected Inyoung and Cheongu radial pulse wave and processed it. Then, we have got the characteristic parameters of radial pulse wave and also quantified that according to the method of Inyoung-Cheongu Comparison Radial Pulse Diagnosis. We defined the jugement standard of radial pulse diagnosis system and then we confirmed the possibility for realization of automatic radial pulse diagnosis in korean traditional medicine. 30545 T00401030545 ^x Microspheres are expected to be applied to biomedical areas such as solid-phase immunoassays, drug delivery systems, immunomagnetic cell separation. To synthesize microspheres for biomedical application, "two stage shot growth method" was developed. The uniformity ratio of synthesized microspheres was always smaller than 1.05. And the surface charge density (or the number of ionizable functional groups) of the microspheres synthesized by "two stage shot growth method" was 6~13 times higher than that of the microspheres synthesized by conventional seeded batch copolymerization. As a previous step for biomedical application, adsorption experiments of bovine albumin on microspheres were carried out under various conditions. The maximum adsorbed amount was obtained in the neighborhood of pH 4.5. Isoelectric point of bovine albumin is pH 5.0, so experimental result shows that it shifted to acid area. The adsorption isotherm was obtained, the plateau region was always reached at 2.Og/L (bulk concentration of bovine albumin).The effect of the kind and the amount of surface functional group was also examined. 30575 T00401030575 ^x A medical image workstation was developed using multimedia technique. The system based on PC-486DX was designed to acquire medical images produced by medical imaging instruments and related audio information, that is, doctors' reporting results. Input information was processed and analyzed, then the results were presented in the form of graph and animation. All the informations of the system were hierarchically related with the image as the apex. Processing and analysis algorithms were implemented so that the diagnostic accuracy could be improved. The diagnosed information can be transferred for patient diagnosis through LAN(local area network). 30592 T00401030592 ^x In the conventional infrared imaging system, complex infrared lens systems are usually used for directing collimated narrow infrared beams into the high speed 2-dimensional optic scanner. In this paper, a simple reflective infrared optic system with a 2-dimensional optic scanner is proposed for the realization of medical infrared thermography system. It has been experimentally proven that the intfrared thermography system composed of the proposed optic system has the temperature resolution of 0.1˚c under the spatial resolution of lmrad, the image matrix size of 256 X 240, and tile imaging time of 4 seconds. 30593 T00401030593 ^x In this paper, MIIS (Medical Image Information System) has been designed and implemented using INGRES RDBMS, which is based on a client/server architecture. The implemented system allows users to register and retrieve patient information, medical images and diagnostic reports. It also provides the function to display these information on workstation windows simultaneously by using the designed menu-driven graphic user interface. The medical image compression/decompression techniques are implemented and integrated into the medical image database system for the efficient data storage and the fast access through the network. 30594 T00401030594 ^x In this paper, computerized BEAM was implemented for the space domain analysis of EEG. Trans-formation from temporal summation to two-dimensional mappings is formed by 4 nearest point inter-polaton method. Methods of representation of BEAM are two. One is dot density method which classify brain electrical potential 9 levels by dot density of gray levels and the other is colour method which classify brain electrical 12 levels by red-green colours. In this BEAM, instantaneous change and average energy distribution over any arbitrary time interval of brain electrical activity could be observed and analyzed easily. In the frequency domain, the distribution of energy spectrum of a special band can easily be distinguished normality and abnormality. 30608 T00401030608 ^x Laboratory information system (LIS) is a key tool to manage laboratory data in clinical pathology. Our department has developed an information system for routine hematology using down-sized computer system. We have used an IBM 486 compatible PC with 16MB main memory, 210 MB hard disk drive, 9 RS-232C port and 24 pin dot printer. The operating system and database management system were SCO UNIX and SCO foxbase, respectively. For program development, we used Xbase language provided by SCO foxbase. The C language was used for interface purpose. To make the system use friendly, pull-down menu was used. The system connected to our hospital information system via application program interface (API), so the information related to patient and request details is automatically transmitted to our computer. Our system interfaced with fwd complete blood count analyzers(Sysmex NE-8000 and Coulter STKS) for unidirectional data tansmission from analyzer to computer. The authors suggests that this system based on down-sized computer could provide a progressive approach to total LIS based on local area network, and the implemented system could serve as a model for other hospital's LIS for routine hematology. 30609 T00401030609 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. To use as the structural matrix of the composite, collagen was purified from human umbilical cord. The obtained collagen was treated by pepsin to remove telopeptides, and finally, the immune-free atelocollagen was produced: The cross linked atelocollagen was highly resistant to the collagenase induced collagenolysis. The cross linked collagen demonstrated an improved tensile strength. 30618 T00401030618 ^x This paper is a study on the design of adptive filter for QRS complex detection. We propose a simple adaptive algorithm to increase capability of noise cancelation in QRS complex detection with two stage adaptive filter. At the first stage, background noise is removed and at the next stage, only spectrum of QRS complex components is passed. Two adaptive filters can afford to keep track of the changes of both noise and QRS complex. Each adaptive filter consists of prediction error filter and FIR filter The impulse response of FIR filter uses coefficients of prediction error filter. The detection rates for 105 and 108 of MIT/BIH data base were 99.3% and 97.4% respectively. 30619 T00401030619 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed and produced a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. Human umbilical cord origin pepsin treated type I atelocollagen was used as the structural matrix, by which sintered or non-sintered carbonate apatite was encapsulated to form an inorganic-organic composite. With cross linking atelocollagen by UV ray irradiation, the resistance to both compressive and tensile strength was increased. Collagen degradation by the collagenase induced collagenolysis was also decreased. 30620 T00401030620 ^x We have developed a monoleaflet polymer valve as an inexpensive and viable alternative, especially for short-term use in the ventricular assist device or total artificial heart. The frame and leaflet of the polymer valve were made from polyurethane, To evaluate the hemodynamic performance of the polymer valve a comparative study of flow dynamics past a polymer valve and a St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve under physiological pulsatile flow conditions in vitro was made. Comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure drop, regurgitation volume and maximum valve opening area. The polymer valve showed smaller regurgitation volume and transvalvular pressure drop compared to the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. The results showed that the functional characteristics of the polymer valve compared favorably with those of the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. 30621 T00401030621 ^x Explosive evaporative removal process of biological tissue by absorption of a CW laser has been simulated by using gelatin and a multimode Nd:YAG laser. Because the point of maximun temperature of laser-irradiated gelatin exists below the surface due to surface cooling, evaporation at the boiling temperature is made explosively from below the surface. The important parameters of this process are the conduction loss to laser power absorption (defined as the conduction-to-laser power parameter, Nk), the convection heat transfer at the surface to conduction loss (defined as Bi), dimensionless extinction coefficient (defined as Br.), and dimensionless irradiation time (defined as Fo). Dependence of Fo on Nk and Bi has been observed by experiment, and the results have been compared with the numerical results obtained by solving a 2-dimensional conduction equation. Fo and explosion depth (from the surface to the point of maximun temperature) are increased when Nk and Bi are increased.To find out the minimum laser power for explosive evaporative removal process, steady state analysis has been also made. The limit of Nk to induce evaporative removal, which is proportional to the inverse of the laser power, has been obtained. 30622 T00401030622 ^x N1 and N2 gross neural action potentials were measured from the round window of the guinea pig cochlea at the onset of the acoustic stimuli. N1-N2 audiograms were made by means of regulating stimulant intensities in order to produce constant N1-N2 potentials as criteria for different input tone pip frequencies. The lowest threshold was measured with an input tone pip I5 dB SPL in intensity and 12 KHz in frequency when the animal was in normal physiological condition. The procedure of experimental measurements is explained in detail. This experimental approach is very useful for the investigation of the Cochlear function. Both noN1inear and active functions of the Cochlea can be monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. 30623 T00401030623 ^x In electrical impedance tomography(EIT), we use boundary current and voltage measurements toprovide the information about the cross-sectional distribution of electrical impedance or resistivity. One of the major problems in EIT has been the inaccessibility of internal voltage or current data in finding the internal impedance values. We propose a new image reconstruction method using internal current density data measured by NMR. We obtained a two-dimensional current density distribution within a phantom by processing the real and imaginary MR images from a 4.77 NMR machine. We implemented a resistivity mage reconstruction algorithm using the finite element method and sensitivity matrix. We presented computer simulation results of the mage reconstruction algorithm and furture direction of the research. 30624 T00401030624 ^x A new method of digital image analysis technique for discrimination of cancer cell was presented in this paper. The object image was the Thyroid eland cells image that was diagnosed as normal and abnormal (two types of abnormal: follicular neoplastic cell, and papillary neoplastic cell), respectively. By using the proposed region segmentation algorithm, the cells were segmented into nucleus. The 16 feature parameters were used to calculate the features of each nucleus. A9 a consequence of using dominant feature parameters method proposed in this paper, discrimination rate of 91.11% was obtained for Thyroid Gland cells. 30625 T00401030625 ^x An electrical stimulator was designed to induce locomotion for paraplegic patients caused by central nervous system injury. Optimal stimulus parameters, which can minimize muscle fatigue and can achieve effective muscle contraction were determined in slow and fast muscles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stimulus patterns of our stimulator were designed to simulate electromyographic activity monitored during locomotion of normal subjects. Muscle types of the lower extremity were classified according to their mechanical property of contraction, which are slow muscle (msoleus m.) and fast muscle (medial gastrocneminus m., rectus femoris m., vastus lateralis m.). Optimal parameters of electrical stimulation for slow muscles were 20 Hz, 0.2 ms square pulse. For fast muscle, 40 Hz, 0.3 ms square pulse was optimal to produce repeated contraction. Higher stimulus intensity was required when synergistic muscles were stimulated simultaneously than when they were stimulated individually. Electrical stimulation for each muscle was designed to generate bipedal locomotion, so that individual muscles alternate contraction and relaxation to simulate stance and swing phases. Portable electrical stimulator with 16 channels built in microprocessor was constructed and applied to paraplegic patients due to lumbar cord injury. The electrical stimulator restored partially gait function in paraplegic patients. 30626 T00401030626 ^x Two-Dimensional modelling of the Cochlear biomechanics is presented in this paper. The Laplace partial differential equation which represents the fluid mechanics of the Cochlea has been transformed into two-dimensional electrical transmission line. The procedure of this transformation is explained in detail. The comparison between one and two dimensional models is also presented. This electrical modelling of the basilar membrane (BM) is clearly useful for the next approach to the further. Development of active elements which are essential in the producing of the sharp tuning of the BM. This paper shows that two-dimension model is qualitatively better than one-dimensional model both in amplitude and phase responses of the BM displacement. The present model is only for frequency response. However because the model is electrical, the two-dimensional transmission line model can be extended to time response without any difficult. 30627 T00401030627 ^x A method has been proposed for the fully automatic detection of left ventricular endocardial boundary in 2D short axis echocardiogram using geometric model. The procedure has the following three distinct stages. First, the initial center is estimated by the initial center estimation algorithm which is applied to decimated image. Second, the center estimation algorithm is applied to original image and then best-fit elliptic model estimation is processed. Third, best-fit boundary is detected by the cost function which is based on the best-fit elliptic model. The proposed method shows effective result without manual intervention by a human operator. 30628 T00401030628 ^x The intelligent trajectory control method that controls moving direction and average velocity for a prosthetic arm is proposed by pattern recognition and force estimations using EMG signals. Also, we propose the real time trajectory planning method which generates continuous accelleration paths using 3 stage linear filters to minimize the impact to human body induced by arm motions and to reduce the muscle fatigue. We use combination of MLP and fuzzy filter for pattern recognition to estimate the direction of a muscle and Hogan's method for the force estimation. EMG signals are acquired by using a amputation simulator and 2 dimensional joystick motion. The simulation results of proposed prosthetic arm control system using the EMf signals show that the arm is effectively followed the desired trajectory depended on estimated force and direction of muscle movements. 30638 T00401030638 ^x A new neural network architecture for the recognition of patterns from images is proposed, which is partially based on the results of physiological studies. The proposed network is composed of multi-layers and the nerve cells in each layer are connected by spatial filters which approximate receptive fields in optic nerve fields. In the proposed method, patterns recognition for complicated images is carried out using global features as well as local features such as lines and end-points. A new generating method of matched filers representing global features is proposed in this network. 30659 T00401030659 ^x An implementation scheme of the magnetic nerve stimulator using a switching mode power supply is proposed. By using a switching mode power supply rather than a conventional linear power supply for charging high voltage capacitors, the weight and size of the magnetic nerve stimulator can be considerably reduced. Maximum output voltage of the developed magnetic nerve stimulator using the switching mode power supply is 3, 000 volts and switching time is about 100 msec. Experimental results or human nerve stimulations using the developed stimulator are presented. 30768 T00401030768 ^x In this paper, we describe the design methodology and specifications of the developed module-based bedside monitors for patient monitoring. The bedside monitor consists of a main unit and module cases with various parameter modules. The main unit includes a 12.1" TFT color LCD, a main CPU board, and peripherals such as a module controller, Ethernet LAN card, video card, rotate/push button controller, etc. The main unit can connect at maximum three module cases each of which can accommodate up to 7 parameter modules. They include the modules for electrocardiograph, respiration, invasive blood pressure, noninvasive blood pressure, temperature, and SpO2 with Plethysmograph.SpO2 with Plethysmograph.

• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 1993년도 한국우주과학회보 제2권2호
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• pp.17-17
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• 1993

The wall shear stress in the vicinity of end-to end anastomoses under steady flow conditions was measured using a flush-mounted hot-film anemometer(FMHFA) probe. The experimental measurements were in good agreement with numerical results except in flow with low Reynolds numbers. The wall shear stress increased proximal to the anastomosis in flow from the Penrose tubing (simulating an artery) to the PTFE: graft. In flow from the PTFE graft to the Penrose tubing, low wall shear stress was observed distal to the anastomosis. Abnormal distributions of wall shear stress in the vicinity of the anastomosis, resulting from the compliance mismatch between the graft and the host artery, might be an important factor of ANFH formation and the graft failure. The present study suggests a correlation between regions of the low wall shear stress and the development of anastomotic neointimal fibrous hyperplasia(ANPH) in end-to-end anastomoses. 30523 T00401030523 ^x Air pressure decay(APD) rate and ultrafiltration rate(UFR) tests were performed on new and saline rinsed dialyzers as well as those roused in patients several times. C-DAK 4000 (Cordis Dow) and CF IS-11 (Baxter Travenol) reused dialyzers obtained from the dialysis clinic were used in the present study. The new dialyzers exhibited a relatively flat APD, whereas saline rinsed and reused dialyzers showed considerable amount of decay. C-DAH dialyzers had a larger APD(11.70${\pm}$1.32mmHg/min)compared to CF dialyzers(4.32${\pm}$0.55mmHg/min)(p<0.05). However, there was no observable difference in the UFR between the two dialyzers. Neither APD nor UFR showed any significant increase with an increasing number of reuses for up to more than 20reuses. A substantial number of failures observed in APD(larger than 20mmHe/min)on the reused dialyzers(2 out of 40 CP and S out 26 C-DAK) were attributed to the Possible damage on the fibers. The CF 15-11 HFDs which failed APD test did not show changes in the UFR compared to normal dialyzers indicating that APD is a more sensitive test than UFR test to evaluate the integrity of the fibers. 30527 T00401030527 ^x For quantitative measurement of reflected light from a clinical diagnostic strip, a prototype old reflectance photometer was designed. The strip loader and cassette were made to obtain more accurate reflectance parameters. The strip was illuminated at 45˚c through optical fiber and the intensity of reflected light was determined at rectanguLat angle using a photodiode. The kubelka-munk coefficient and reflection optical density were determined ar four different wavelengths(500,550,570 and 610nm) for blood glucose strip. For higher concentration than 300mg/41 about glucose, a saturation state of abforbance was observed at 500,550 and 570nm. The correlation between glucose concentration and parameters was the best at 610nm. 30535 T00401030535 ^x Radiation-induced fibrosarcoma tumors were grown on the flanks of C3H mice. The mice were divided into two groups. One group was injected with Photofrin II, intravenously (2.5mg/kg body weight). The other group received no Photofrin II. Mice from both groups were irradialed for approximately 15 minutes at 100,300, or 500 mW/cm2 with the argon (488nm/514.5 nm), dye(628nm) and gold vapor (pulsed 628 nm) laser light. A photosensitizer behaved as an added absorber. Under our experimental conditions, the presence of Photolfrin II increased surface temperature by at least 40% and the temperature rise due to 300 mW/cm2 irradiation exceeded values for hyperthermia. Light and temperature distributions with depth were estimated by a computer model. The model demonstrated the influence of wavelength on the thermal process and proved to be a valuable tool to investigate internal temperature rise. 30536 T00401030536 ^x We investigated the structural geometry of thirty-eight Korean femurs. The purpose of this study is to identify major geometrical differences between Korean femurs 3nd others that we believe belong to Caucasians so that we would be able to get insights into the femoral component design that fits Asians including Koreans. We utilized computerized tomography (CT) images of femurs extracted from cadavers. The CT images were transformed into bitmap data by using a film scanner, and then analyzed by using a commercially available software called Image v.1.0 and a Macintosh IIci computer.The resulting data were compared with already published data. The major results show that the geometry of the Korean femurs is significantly different from that of Caucasians: (1) the anteversion angle and the canal flare index are greater by the amount of approximately 8˚ and 0.5, respectively, (2) the shape of the isthmus cross section is more round, and (3) the distance between the teaser trochanter and the proximal border of the isthmus is shelter by about 15 mm. The results suggested that the femoral component suitable for Asians should be different from the currently-used components designed and manufactured mostly by European or American companies. 30537 T00401030537 ^x It is well known that nonlinear propagation characteristics of the wave in the tissue may give very useful information for the medical diagnoisis. In this paper, a new method to detect nonlinear propagation characteristics of the internal vibration in the tissue for the low frequency mechanical vibration by using bispectral analysis is proposed. In the method, low frequency vibration of f0( = 100Hz) is applied on the surface of the object, and the waveform of the internal vibration x (t) is measured from Doppler frequency modulation of silmultaneously transmitted probing ultrasonic waves. Then, the bispectra of the signal x (t) at the frequencies (f0, f0) and (f0, 2f0) are calculated to estimate the nonlinear propagation characteristics as their magnitude ratio, w here since bispectrum is free from the gaussian additive noise we can get the value with high S/N. Basic experimental system is constructed by using 3.0 MHz probing ultrasonic waves and the several experiments are carried out for some phantoms. Results show the superiority of the proposed method to the conventional method using power spectrum and also its usefulness for the tissue characterization. 30541 T00401030541 ^x This paper describes the implementation of a computerized radial pulse diagnosis by aids of a clinical expert. On this base, we composed of the radial pulse diagnosis system in korean traditional medicine. The system composed of a radial pulse wave detection system and a radial pulse diagnosis system. With a detection system, we detected Inyoung and Cheongu radial pulse wave and processed it. Then, we have got the characteristic parameters of radial pulse wave and also quantified that according to the method of Inyoung-Cheongu Comparison Radial Pulse Diagnosis. We defined the jugement standard of radial pulse diagnosis system and then we confirmed the possibility for realization of automatic radial pulse diagnosis in korean traditional medicine. 30545 T00401030545 ^x Microspheres are expected to be applied to biomedical areas such as solid-phase immunoassays, drug delivery systems, immunomagnetic cell separation. To synthesize microspheres for biomedical application, "two stage shot growth method" was developed. The uniformity ratio of synthesized microspheres was always smaller than 1.05. And the surface charge density (or the number of ionizable functional groups) of the microspheres synthesized by "two stage shot growth method" was 6~13 times higher than that of the microspheres synthesized by conventional seeded batch copolymerization. As a previous step for biomedical application, adsorption experiments of bovine albumin on microspheres were carried out under various conditions. The maximum adsorbed amount was obtained in the neighborhood of pH 4.5. Isoelectric point of bovine albumin is pH 5.0, so experimental result shows that it shifted to acid area. The adsorption isotherm was obtained, the plateau region was always reached at 2.Og/L (bulk concentration of bovine albumin).The effect of the kind and the amount of surface functional group was also examined. 30575 T00401030575 ^x A medical image workstation was developed using multimedia technique. The system based on PC-486DX was designed to acquire medical images produced by medical imaging instruments and related audio information, that is, doctors' reporting results. Input information was processed and analyzed, then the results were presented in the form of graph and animation. All the informations of the system were hierarchically related with the image as the apex. Processing and analysis algorithms were implemented so that the diagnostic accuracy could be improved. The diagnosed information can be transferred for patient diagnosis through LAN(local area network). 30592 T00401030592 ^x In the conventional infrared imaging system, complex infrared lens systems are usually used for directing collimated narrow infrared beams into the high speed 2-dimensional optic scanner. In this paper, a simple reflective infrared optic system with a 2-dimensional optic scanner is proposed for the realization of medical infrared thermography system. It has been experimentally proven that the intfrared thermography system composed of the proposed optic system has the temperature resolution of 0.1˚c under the spatial resolution of lmrad, the image matrix size of 256 X 240, and tile imaging time of 4 seconds. 30593 T00401030593 ^x In this paper, MIIS (Medical Image Information System) has been designed and implemented using INGRES RDBMS, which is based on a client/server architecture. The implemented system allows users to register and retrieve patient information, medical images and diagnostic reports. It also provides the function to display these information on workstation windows simultaneously by using the designed menu-driven graphic user interface. The medical image compression/decompression techniques are implemented and integrated into the medical image database system for the efficient data storage and the fast access through the network. 30594 T00401030594 ^x In this paper, computerized BEAM was implemented for the space domain analysis of EEG. Trans-formation from temporal summation to two-dimensional mappings is formed by 4 nearest point inter-polaton method. Methods of representation of BEAM are two. One is dot density method which classify brain electrical potential 9 levels by dot density of gray levels and the other is colour method which classify brain electrical 12 levels by red-green colours. In this BEAM, instantaneous change and average energy distribution over any arbitrary time interval of brain electrical activity could be observed and analyzed easily. In the frequency domain, the distribution of energy spectrum of a special band can easily be distinguished normality and abnormality. 30608 T00401030608 ^x Laboratory information system (LIS) is a key tool to manage laboratory data in clinical pathology. Our department has developed an information system for routine hematology using down-sized computer system. We have used an IBM 486 compatible PC with 16MB main memory, 210 MB hard disk drive, 9 RS-232C port and 24 pin dot printer. The operating system and database management system were SCO UNIX and SCO foxbase, respectively. For program development, we used Xbase language provided by SCO foxbase. The C language was used for interface purpose. To make the system use friendly, pull-down menu was used. The system connected to our hospital information system via application program interface (API), so the information related to patient and request details is automatically transmitted to our computer. Our system interfaced with fwd complete blood count analyzers(Sysmex NE-8000 and Coulter STKS) for unidirectional data tansmission from analyzer to computer. The authors suggests that this system based on down-sized computer could provide a progressive approach to total LIS based on local area network, and the implemented system could serve as a model for other hospital's LIS for routine hematology. 30609 T00401030609 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. To use as the structural matrix of the composite, collagen was purified from human umbilical cord. The obtained collagen was treated by pepsin to remove telopeptides, and finally, the immune-free atelocollagen was produced: The cross linked atelocollagen was highly resistant to the collagenase induced collagenolysis. The cross linked collagen demonstrated an improved tensile strength. 30618 T00401030618 ^x This paper is a study on the design of adptive filter for QRS complex detection. We propose a simple adaptive algorithm to increase capability of noise cancelation in QRS complex detection with two stage adaptive filter. At the first stage, background noise is removed and at the next stage, only spectrum of QRS complex components is passed. Two adaptive filters can afford to keep track of the changes of both noise and QRS complex. Each adaptive filter consists of prediction error filter and FIR filter The impulse response of FIR filter uses coefficients of prediction error filter. The detection rates for 105 and 108 of MIT/BIH data base were 99.3% and 97.4% respectively. 30619 T00401030619 ^x To develop an artificial bone substitute that is gradually degraded and replaced by the regenerated natural bone, the authors designed and produced a composite that is consisted of calcium phosphate and collagen. Human umbilical cord origin pepsin treated type I atelocollagen was used as the structural matrix, by which sintered or non-sintered carbonate apatite was encapsulated to form an inorganic-organic composite. With cross linking atelocollagen by UV ray irradiation, the resistance to both compressive and tensile strength was increased. Collagen degradation by the collagenase induced collagenolysis was also decreased. 30620 T00401030620 ^x We have developed a monoleaflet polymer valve as an inexpensive and viable alternative, especially for short-term use in the ventricular assist device or total artificial heart. The frame and leaflet of the polymer valve were made from polyurethane, To evaluate the hemodynamic performance of the polymer valve a comparative study of flow dynamics past a polymer valve and a St. Jude Medical prosthetic valve under physiological pulsatile flow conditions in vitro was made. Comparisons between the valves were made on the transvalvular pressure drop, regurgitation volume and maximum valve opening area. The polymer valve showed smaller regurgitation volume and transvalvular pressure drop compared to the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. The results showed that the functional characteristics of the polymer valve compared favorably with those of the mechanical valve at higher heart rate. 30621 T00401030621 ^x Explosive evaporative removal process of biological tissue by absorption of a CW laser has been simulated by using gelatin and a multimode Nd:YAG laser. Because the point of maximun temperature of laser-irradiated gelatin exists below the surface due to surface cooling, evaporation at the boiling temperature is made explosively from below the surface. The important parameters of this process are the conduction loss to laser power absorption (defined as the conduction-to-laser power parameter, Nk), the convection heat transfer at the surface to conduction loss (defined as Bi), dimensionless extinction coefficient (defined as Br.), and dimensionless irradiation time (defined as Fo). Dependence of Fo on Nk and Bi has been observed by experiment, and the results have been compared with the numerical results obtained by solving a 2-dimensional conduction equation. Fo and explosion depth (from the surface to the point of maximun temperature) are increased when Nk and Bi are increased.To find out the minimum laser power for explosive evaporative removal process, steady state analysis has been also made. The limit of Nk to induce evaporative removal, which is proportional to the inverse of the laser power, has been obtained. 30622 T00401030622 ^x N1 and N2 gross neural action potentials were measured from the round window of the guinea pig cochlea at the onset of the acoustic stimuli. N1-N2 audiograms were made by means of regulating stimulant intensities in order to produce constant N1-N2 potentials as criteria for different input tone pip frequencies. The lowest threshold was measured with an input tone pip I5 dB SPL in intensity and 12 KHz in frequency when the animal was in normal physiological condition. The procedure of experimental measurements is explained in detail. This experimental approach is very useful for the investigation of the Cochlear function. Both noN1inear and active functions of the Cochlea can be monitored by N1-N2 audiograms. 30623 T00401030623 ^x In electrical impedance tomography(EIT), we use boundary current and voltage measurements toprovide the information about the cross-sectional distribution of electrical impedance or resistivity. One of the major problems in EIT has been the inaccessibility of internal voltage or current data in finding the internal impedance values. We propose a new image reconstruction method using internal current density data measured by NMR. We obtained a two-dimensional current density distribution within a phantom by processing the real and imaginary MR images from a 4.77 NMR machine. We implemented a resistivity mage reconstruction algorithm using the finite element method and sensitivity matrix. We presented computer simulation results of the mage reconstruction algorithm and furture direction of the research. 30624 T00401030624 ^x A new method of digital image analysis technique for discrimination of cancer cell was presented in this paper. The object image was the Thyroid eland cells image that was diagnosed as normal and abnormal (two types of abnormal: follicular neoplastic cell, and papillary neoplastic cell), respectively. By using the proposed region segmentation algorithm, the cells were segmented into nucleus. The 16 feature parameters were used to calculate the features of each nucleus. A9 a consequence of using dominant feature parameters method proposed in this paper, discrimination rate of 91.11% was obtained for Thyroid Gland cells. 30625 T00401030625 ^x An electrical stimulator was designed to induce locomotion for paraplegic patients caused by central nervous system injury. Optimal stimulus parameters, which can minimize muscle fatigue and can achieve effective muscle contraction were determined in slow and fast muscles in Sprague-Dawley rats. Stimulus patterns of our stimulator were designed to simulate electromyographic activity monitored during locomotion of normal subjects. Muscle types of the lower extremity were classified according to their mechanical property of contraction, which are slow muscle (msoleus m.) and fast muscle (medial gastrocneminus m., rectus femoris m., vastus lateralis m.). Optimal parameters of electrical stimulation for slow muscles were 20 Hz, 0.2 ms square pulse. For fast muscle, 40 Hz, 0.3 ms square pulse was optimal to produce repeated contraction. Higher stimulus intensity was required when synergistic muscles were stimulated simultaneously than when they were stimulated individually. Electrical stimulation for each muscle was designed to generate bipedal locomotion, so that individual muscles alternate contraction and relaxation to simulate stance and swing phases. Portable electrical stimulator with 16 channels built in microprocessor was constructed and applied to paraplegic patients due to lumbar cord injury. The electrical stimulator restored partially gait function in paraplegic patients. 30626 T00401030626 ^x Two-Dimensional modelling of the Cochlear biomechanics is presented in this paper. The Laplace partial differential equation which represents the fluid mechanics of the Cochlea has been transformed into two-dimensional electrical transmission line. The procedure of this transformation is explained in detail. The comparison between one and two dimensional models is also presented. This electrical modelling of the basilar membrane (BM) is clearly useful for the next approach to the further. Development of active elements which are essential in the producing of the sharp tuning of the BM. This paper shows that two-dimension model is qualitatively better than one-dimensional model both in amplitude and phase responses of the BM displacement. The present model is only for frequency response. However because the model is electrical, the two-dimensional transmission line model can be extended to time response without any difficult. 30627 T00401030627 ^x A method has been proposed for the fully automatic detection of left ventricular endocardial boundary in 2D short axis echocardiogram using geometric model. The procedure has the following three distinct stages. First, the initial center is estimated by the initial center estimation algorithm which is applied to decimated image. Second, the center estimation algorithm is applied to original image and then best-fit elliptic model estimation is processed. Third, best-fit boundary is detected by the cost function which is based on the best-fit elliptic model. The proposed method shows effective result without manual intervention by a human operator. 30628 T00401030628 ^x The intelligent trajectory control method that controls moving direction and average velocity for a prosthetic arm is proposed by pattern recognition and force estimations using EMG signals. Also, we propose the real time trajectory planning method which generates continuous accelleration paths using 3 stage linear filters to minimize the impact to human body induced by arm motions and to reduce the muscle fatigue. We use combination of MLP and fuzzy filter for pattern recognition to estimate the direction of a muscle and Hogan's method for the force estimation. EMG signals are acquired by using a amputation simulator and 2 dimensional joystick motion. The simulation results of proposed prosthetic arm control system using the EMf signals show that the arm is effectively followed the desired trajectory depended on estimated force and direction of muscle movements. 30638 T00401030638 ^x A new neural network architecture for the recognition of patterns from images is proposed, which is partially based on the results of physiological studies. The proposed network is composed of multi-layers and the nerve cells in each layer are connected by spatial filters which approximate receptive fields in optic nerve fields. In the proposed method, patterns recognition for complicated images is carried out using global features as well as local features such as lines and end-points. A new generating method of matched filers representing global features is proposed in this network. 30659 T00401030659 ^x An implementation scheme of the magnetic nerve stimulator using a switching mode power supply is proposed. By using a switching mode power supply rather than a conventional linear power supply for charging high voltage capacitors, the weight and size of the magnetic nerve stimulator can be considerably reduced. Maximum output voltage of the developed magnetic nerve stimulator using the switching mode power supply is 3,000 volts and switching time is about 100 msec. Experimental results or human nerve stimulations using the developed stimulator are presented. 30768 T00401030768 ^x In this paper, we describe the design methodology and specifications of the developed module-based bedside monitors for patient monitoring. The bedside monitor consists of a main unit and module cases with various parameter modules. The main unit includes a 12.1" TFT color LCD, a main CPU board, and peripherals such as a module controller, Ethernet LAN card, video card, rotate/push button controller, etc. The main unit can connect at maximum three module cases each of which can accommodate up to 7 parameter modules. They include the modules for electrocardiograph, respiration, invasive blood pressure, noninvasive blood pressure, temperature, and SpO2 with Plethysmograph.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.17-35
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• 2015

시장 수요 예측은 일정 기간 동안 소비자에게 판매되는 동종 제품 또는 서비스의 수량 혹은 매출액의 규모를 추정하는 활동으로서, 기업경영활동에 있어 효율적인 의사결정을 내릴 수 있는 근거로 활용된다는 점에서 중요하게 인식되고 있다. 신규 시장의 수요를 예측하기 위해 다양한 시장성장모형이 개발되어 왔다. 이런 모형들은 일반적으로 시장의 크기 변화의 동인을 신기술 확산으로 보고 소비자인 개인에게 기술이 확산되는 과정을 통해 시장 크기가 변하는 과정을 확산모형으로 구현하게 된다. 그러나, 시장이 형성된 직후에는 수요 관측치의 부족으로 인해 혁신계수, 모방계수와 같은 예측모형의 모수를 정확하게 추정하는 것이 쉽지 않다. 이런 경우, 전문가의 판단 하에 예측하고자 하는 시장과 유사한 시장을 결정하고 이를 참고하여 모수를 추정하게 되는데, 어떤 시장을 유사하다고 판단하느냐에 따라 성장모형은 크게 달라지게 되므로, 정확한 예측을 위해서는 유사 시장을 찾는 것은 매우 중요하다. 그러나, 이런 방식은 직관과 경험이라는 정성적 판단에 크게 의존함으로써 일관성이 떨어질 수밖에 없으며, 결국, 만족할 만한 수준의 결과를 얻기 힘들다는 단점을 지닌다. 이런 정성적 방법은 유사도가 더 높은 시장을 누락시키고 유사도가 낮은 시장을 선택하는 오류를 일으킬 수 있다. 이런 이유로, 본 연구는 신규 시장의 모수를 추정하기 위해 필요한 유사시장을 누락 없이 효과적으로 찾아낼 수 있는 사례기반 전문가 시스템을 설계하고자 수행되었다. 제안된 모형은 데이터 마이닝의 군집분석 기법과 추천 시스템의 내용 기반 필터링 방법론을 기반으로 전문가 시스템으로 구현되었다. 본 연구에서 개발된 시스템의 유용성을 확인하고자 정보통신분야 시장의 모수를 추정하는 실험을 실시하였다. 전문가를 대상으로 실시된 실험에서, 시스템을 사용한 모수의 추정치가 시스템을 사용하지 않았을 때와 비교하여 실제 모수와 더 가까움을 보임으로써 시스템의 유용성을 증명하였다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.85-109
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• 2018

추천시스템은 사용자의 과거 구매행동을 통해 향후 구매할 것이라고 예상되는 제품을 자동으로 검색하여 추천해준다. 특히 전자상거래 기업의 상품추천시스템은 일대일 마케팅의 대표적 실현수단으로 가치가 있다. 하지만, 전통적인 추천시스템, 특히 학계 및 산업계에서 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 전통적인 협업필터링 기법은 단일차원의 '종합 평점'만을 고려하여 추천결과를 생성하도록 설계되어 있어, 사용자들의 정확한 니즈를 이해하고 대응하는데 근본적인 한계가 있다. 최근에는 전자 상거래 기업들도 고객들로부터 보다 다각화된, 다기준 방식으로 피드백을 받고 있다. 특히 다기준 평점은 정량적으로 입력되는 정보이므로 상대적으로 분석 및 처리가 용이하다는 장점이 있다. 그러나 다기준 평점 역시 사전에 정해진 기준에 대해서만 사용자의 피드백이 이루어지기 때문에, 보다 상세하게 사용자의 의견을 이해하여 추천에 반영하는 데에는 한계가 있다. 이에 본 연구는 다기준 평점 정보와 선택적 협업필터링의 서로 다른 접근방법을 통해 도출된 추천결과를 종합하여, 최종적으로 추천 대상리스트를 산출할 수 있는 하이브리드 기술을 제안한다. 본 연구에서 제안한 연구모형의 유용성을 검증하기 위해, 식음료점(식당, 카페 등)에 대한 실제 이용자를 대상으로 온라인 설문을 통해 종합 평점과 다기준 평점을 수집하였으며, 데이터를 학습용과 검증용으로 구분하여 학습시키고 성과를 평가하였다. 이 기법은 결합 함수 기반 접근법과 사용자마다 구매의사결정의 체계가 다르다는 전제하에, 사용자들을 유형화하고, 유형에 따라 정보원을 선택적으로 활용하는 협업필터링 알고리즘을 활용했다. 실험결과, 제안 알고리즘을 통한 추천 방법이 단일 차원을 고려하는 전통적인 협업필터링과 비교해 더 우수한 예측정확도를 나타냄을 확인했다. 아울러, 본 연구가 제안하는 다기준 평점과 선택적 협업필터링 알고리즘을 종합하여 추천하는 방법이, 단순히 다기준 평점을 고려했을 때 보다 통계적으로 유의한 수준의 정확도의 개선이 이루어짐을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2016

목적: 말기암환자 가족 간병인의 간병 부담을 줄이는 것은 가족뿐 아니라 환자를 위해서도 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 말기암환자 가족 간병인의 간병 부담과 관련된 요인에 대해 살펴보았다. 방법: 국내 7개 기관의 완화의료병동에서 입원치료를 받는 말기암환자의 가족 간병인 289명의 자료를 분석하였다. 간병인이 느끼는 주관적 간병 부담은 암환자 가족 돌봄 경험 평가도구를 사용하였고, 5가지 차원에서 단계적 변수 선정을 사용한 로지스틱 회귀 모형을 통해 유의한 인자를 확인하였다. 결과: 간병부담의 각 차원에서 다양한 인자들과의 관련성이 확인되었다. 감정적 요인은 가장 폭넓은 영향을 미쳤는데, 감정적 스트레스를 가진 군은 그렇지 않은 군에 비해, 생활패턴이 변할 가능성이 2.54배(95% confidence interval, 1.29~5.02), 가족의 협조가 부족할 가능성이 2.27배(1.04~4.97), 그리고 신체적 부담이 커질 가능성이 5.44배(2.50~11.88)였다. 가족기능은 가족의 협조부족을 매우 잘 반영하였으며, 심한 가족기능 장애를 보일 경우 경제적 부담과도 관련이 있었다. 종교를 가진 군과 동반질환이 없는 군에서 오히려 간병 부담이 더 높은 것으로 나타났으며, 간병기간과 하루 중 간병시간은 생활패턴의 변화와 신체적 부담을 유의하게 예측하였다. 직업을 가지고 있거나, 사회적 지지가 부족하거나, 자주 방문하지 못하는 가족 간병인은 낮은 자아 존중감을 보였다. 결론: 본 연구 결과에 의하면, 가족 간병인의 간병 부담을 파악하기 위해서는 그들의 정서상태와 가족기능을 파악하는 것이 도움이 되며, 사회적 지지체계를 포함하여 경제적 부담을 완화시키는 노력이 필요하겠다.