• 한국가구학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2013

In this study, a dwelling type of Korea and Japan was compared, and consumption rate of domestic timber and its usage was also investigated. In Korea, dwelling type of apartment which constructed by iron and steel-concrete is main shared, but a detached house which is shared at 60% of dwelling type of Japan is mainly constructed by timber. And the rate of the consumption of domestic wood in Japan is 73%. In Japan, there is an effort to substitute imported wood to domestic timber through the promotion of using of domestic timber. Whereas the needs on using of domestic timber gradually emerged. So, the legal about sustainable use of wood is approved by the National Assembly on May 2012. There is not active movement in the aspect of using of domestic timber yet. These causes to the geographical and environmental characteristics, but industry, policy, and the difference of recognize on domestic timber utilization is thought to do greater influence. Hence, it is recommended to make a portfolio of both balanced domestic timber usage and the change of awareness of people by referring to the example of Japan.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:정보통신
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.180-189
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• 2005

본 논문에서는 802.11b 무선 LAN환경에서 전송 전력을 제어함으로써 통신에 소비되는 전력을 절약할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다. 먼저 실험을 통해 전송 전력의 조절이 성능과 전력 소비 면에서 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 이를 기초로 하여 TCP의 혼잡 제어 기법과 유사하게 재전송 비율을 암시적인 피드백으로 사용하여 단계적으로 적정 전송 전력을 찾는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법은 리눅스 시스템에서 구현하여 실험을 하였으며, 실험 결과를 통해 제안한 전송 전력 제어 방법의 타당성 및 실효성을 보였다. 제안한 방법은 통신 성능의 저하 없이 전송 전력을 제어함으로써 전력 소비를 줄일 수 있었다

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2002년도 생물공학의 동향 (X)
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• pp.269-270
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• 2002

Oxygen is a key substrate in animal cell metabolism and its consumption is thus a parameter of great interest for monitoring and control in animal cell culture bioreactor. The use of a gas-permeable membrane offered the possibility to provide the required quantity of oxygen into the culture. while avoiding problems of foaming or shear damage generally linked to sparging. For determining the optimum DO control strategy of this gas-permeable membrane aeration bioreactor, the oxygen transfer rate coefficient was measured with varying $N_2$ ratio in inlet air. The results showed that an increasing mass flow rate of nitrogen reduced the $K_La$ value. and 5% nitrogen in air did not result in any oxygen limitation.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 전기설비
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• pp.31-32
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• 2006

Pohang accelerator Laboratory is from 1994 analyzed electric power amount used for about 10 years. It is one of equipment that consume electric power of greate electric power to single test equipment. Accelerator Laboratory institute investigates the consumption rate of energy that is spent to each building could divide by linear accelerator and save ring and analyzed about the equipment utilization rate and average electric power. Countermeasure that this treatise can forecast power loss of electric power by equipment through analysis of electric power amount used and heighten the utilization rate of equipment wishes to do comparative analysis.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제20권8호
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• pp.1569-1580
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• 2016

2.4 GHz 능동형 RFID가 보다 활성화되기 위해 개선되어야 할 요인 중 하나는 배터리 수명 문제다. 그러나 현재 까지 소비 전력 예측을 위한 정확한 모델이 존재하지 않는다. 본 연구에서는 태그의 전력 소비를 정확하게 예측 할 수 있는 시뮬레이션 모델을 개발하였다. 충돌 제어와 query 명령어 사용 방법에 따라 6개의 시뮬레이션 모델을 제안 하였다. 예측 정확도를 높이기 위하여 태그의 작동 모드를 몇 개로 분류하고 그에 따른 전력 소비와 작동 시간을 조사하였다. 태그 수집과 응답 확인 과정을 간소화 하는 Query command 명령 방법과 최근에 제안된 충돌 제어 알고리즘을 본 시뮬레이션 모델에 사용하였다. 소비 전력 이외에도 시스템 효율과 다중 태그의 인식 시간, 그리고 인식률과 같은 성능 지표를 구하여 기존의 ISO/IEC 18000-7 시스템과 비교하였다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.429-437
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• 2007

This study aims to develop a sulfur-using denitrification process which is possible a renovation to advanced treatment plant submerging a simple module in activated sludge aeration tank. At first, the impact factor of sulfur-using denitrification was appreciated by the batch test. Secondly, reflecting a dissolved oxygen effect of sulfur-using denitrification that was confirmed by the batch test, in a continuous nitrification/sulfur-using denitrification, high-rate nitrogen removal reaction was induced at optimum condition controlling DO concentration according to phases. Also, inside and outside of sulfur-using denitrification module was covered with microfilter and the module was considered as an alternative of clarifier. Result of batch test for sulfur-using denitrification, $NO_2{^-}N$ was lower for consumption of alkalinity and sulfur than that of $NO_3{^-}-N$. These results revealed the accordance of theoretical prediction. In continuous nitrification/sulfur-using denitrification experiment, actual wastewater was used as a influent, and influent nitrogen loading rates were increased 0.04, 0.07, 0.11, $0.14kg\;N/m^3-day$ by changing hydraulic retention times. At this time, nitrogen loading rates of packed sulfur were increased 0.23, 0.46, 0.69, $0.93kg\;N/m^3-day$. As a result, nitrification efficiency was about 100% and denitrification efficiency was 93, 81, 79, 72%. Accordingly, nitrogen removal was a high-rate. Also the module of sulfur-using denitrification covered with microfilter did not make a fouling phenomena according to increased flux. And the module was achieved effluent suspended solids of below 10 mg/L without a clarifier. In conclusion, it is possible a renovation to advanced treatment plant submerging a simple module packed sulfur in activated sludge aeration tank of traditional facilities. And the plant used the module packed sulfur is expected as a effective facilities of high-rate and the smallest.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.29-36
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• 2013

무선 센서 네트워크에서 센서 노드의 수명은 배터리에 의해 제한되므로 에너지는 가장 중요한 고려사항이다. 기존의 에너지 효율적인 라우팅 프로토콜들은 대부분 에너지 소비를 최소화하기 위해 최소 에너지 경로를 사용하는데, 이는 노드들 간의 잔류에너지를 불균등하게 만든다. 그 결과 에너지 효율적인 경로 상에 있는 노드들의 전원이 빠르게 고갈되고 네트워크에 참여할 수 없게 된다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 노드들의 에너지 소모를 균등하게 만드는 기법들이 제안되고 있다. 무선 환경에서는 링크의 품질에 따른 재전송으로 불필요한 에너지 소모가 발생하는데 대부분의 기법들은 링크 에러율을 고려하지 않고 있다. 따라서, 본 논문에서는 잔여 에너지와 링크 에러율을 고려하여 균등한 에너지 소모를 가지는 클러스터 기반의 멀티 홉 라우팅 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법은 링크 에러율을 고려하기 때문에 불필요한 재전송에 따른 에너지 소비를 줄이고 트래픽도 골고루 분산시킨다. 시뮬레이션 결과 타 기법에 비해 제안하는 기법은 재전송 횟수가 감소하여 에너지 효율적이었고, 에너지 소모가 균등한 경로를 사용하여 모든 노드가 네트워크에 참여하는 기간이 연장되었다.

• ALGAE
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2002

Influences of vrious environmental factors on the eutrophication of Nakdong River were analyzed statistically using water samples collected from 1 January, 1999, to 30 September, 2001 at Namji area. The relationships between the concentration of chlorophyll α (eutrophication index) and environmental factors and were analyzed to develop a statistical model which can predict the status of eutrophication. The concentation of chlorophyll α ranged from 66.2 mg · $m^{-3}$ to 70.8 mg · $m^{-3}$ during dry winter season and the average concentration during this study period was 35.5 mg · $m^{-3}$ Namji area of Nakdong River was in the hypereutrohic stage in terms of water quality. Stephanodiscus sp. and Aulacoseria granulata var. angustissima were dominant species during the witnter to spring time and summer to autumn period, respectively. Based on the correlation analysis and the analysis of variance between chlorophyll α concentration and environmental factors, significantly high positive relationships were found in the order of BOD> pH> COD > KMnO₄ consumption > DO > conductivity > alkalinity. In contrast to these factors, significantly negrative relationships were found as in the order of $PO₄^{3-}-P$ >water level>the rate of Namgang-dam discharge > NH₃-N> the rate of Andong-dam discharge> the rate of Hapchoen-dam discharge. Based on the factors analysis of environmental factors on the concentration of chlorophyll α, we obtained five factors as follows. The first factor included water level, pH, turbiditiy, conductivity, alkalinity and the rate of Namgang-dam discharge. The second factor included water temperature DO, NH₄+-N, NO₃- -N. The third factor included KMnO₄ consumption COD and BOD. The fourth factor included the rate of Andong-dam discharge, the rate of Hapcheon-dam discharge, and the rate of Imha-dam discharge. The final factor included T-N T-P and $PO₄^{3-}-P$ > concentration. We derived two statistica models that can predict the occurrence of eutrophication based on the factors by factor analysis, using regression analysis. The first model is the stepwise regression model whose independent variables are the factors produced by factor analysis : chl α (mg · $m^{-3}$ = 42.923+(18.637 factor 3) + (-17.147 factor 1) + (-12.095 factor 5) + (-4.828 factor 4). The second model is the alternative stepwise regression model whose independent variables are the sums of the standardized main component variables:chl α (mg · $m^{-3}$ = 37.295+(7.326 Zfactor 3) + (-2.704 Zfactor 1)+(-2.341 Zfactor 5).

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.480-487
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• 2013

This study is conducted to investigate to the consumption pattern of Kimchi and perception about the functional Kimchi of consumer. The survey was done between October 1 to October 15, 2011 among 294 male and female adults aged 19 and over in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do areas. The gender distribution of subjects was 33.3% males and 66.7% females. 64.3% of subjects prepared Kimchi by themselves, 23.5% of subjects received Kimchi from relatives and 12.2% of subjects purchased Kimchi from the market. In addition, the rate of preparing Kimchi at home is highest in those aged fifty or over. Only 41.8% of subjects knew how to make Kimchi. 72.1% of subjects responded that they ate Kimchi one or more a day. 46.6% of subjects have purchased commercial Chinese cabbage Kimchi. The amount of one-time purchase of commercial Kimchi were investigated; 45.2% of subjects have been buying 500-1 kg, 34.4% of the subjects bought less than 500 g, and 11.2% of subjects bought 1-3 kg. 28.2% of subjects buy Kimchi at the supermarket and warehouse market. With regard to the evaluation of Kimchi taste, most consumers were not satisfied with the sweetness of Kimchi. In this result, the perception about functional Kimchi was very low. Consumer's demands were as follows: nutrient enhancement, strengthening of biologically active substances, lactic acid bacteria enhancement in order. Small sales units were preferred by the consumers, and complementation of sweetness of kimchi was required. Various Kimchi including functional Kimchi must be developed to meet the needs of consumers.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2020년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.19-19
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• 2020

The Cassava(Manihot esculenta Crantz) is a tropical root crop, originally from Amazonia, that provides the staple food of an estimated 800 million people worldwide. It belongs to the family Euphorbiaceae which also includes rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) and castor bean (Ricinus communis). Among tropical crops, rice, sugarcane, maize and cassava are the most important sources of calories for human consumption. Problems in the propagation of cassava are virus diseases and low rates of seed germination. So we tried to optimize protocols for mass production of somatic embryo amenable to large-scale vegetative propagation of Cassava. After in vitro eight-week culture of leaves of Cassava, the medium which contained the 2,4-D, BAP and IBA showed the highest callus induction rate, embryogenesis callus formation rate and somatic embryo formation in Cassava culture. In the medium with GA₃ and myo-inositol, shoots were most vigorously regenerated from somatic embryos of Cassava. Our experiments confirmed that in vitro growth and multiplication of plantlets could depend on its reaction to the different medium composition, and this micropropagation techniques could be a useful system for healthy and vigorous plant production.