• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.60-70
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• 2017

As water sources become more vulnerable to the effects of climate change such as drought and contamination, the diversification of water sources is important for securing water supply. This study examines the properties of five water sources for public supply, including river and river-bed water, dams, reservoirs, and groundwater, while ensuring that the quantities available from such sources are stable and the water itself is safe for use. This study also analyzes the power, chemical, repair and maintenance, and labor costs associated with each water source. The results demonstrate that groundwater has high potential as a water source because it is readily available (about $12.89billion\;m^3/yr$), but only a small portion of it is currently used. Analyses indicated that groundwater is the most efficient source of water to meet water demand below $1,000,000m^3/yr$, which covers 62.5% of water supply facilicities. With the implementation of groundwater dams, groundwater can become cost-efficient even for larger water demand. Additionally, the water source protection areas are the smallest for groundwater among the five water sources. In conclusion, the use of groundwater as an alternative water source is feasible becasue it is readily available, safe, cost-efficient, and requires the lowest amount of environmental regulations for the diversification of water supply sources.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.497-505
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• 2021

This paper investigates the current status of Jeju special self-governing province (JSSGP)'s water infrastructure and recommends directions for improvement. JSSGP relies on groundwater for most of its water resources. Recently, water usage has been steadily increasing due to the increase of residents and tourists while the quality of groundwater has been steadily worsening. Deterioration in water quality of groundwater can be seen through the increase in concentration of nitrate nitrogen and microorganisms. To overcome such problems, water consumption must be reduced by water demand management in all fields including residential and agricultural water use. The quality of water resources should be preserved through the management of pollutants. For efficient management of water resources, great efforts should be made to reduce the leakage rates in household and agricultural water, which is currently at the highest level in the country. Furthermore, diversification of water intake sources other than groundwater is needed, especially for agricultural water supply. For water and sewerage facilities, compliance with drinking water quality standards and discharge water quality standards must be achieved through the optimization of operation management. This process requires recruiting professionals, improving existing workers' expertise, and improving facilities.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.36-47
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• 2020

Three large scale weirs were constructed 2010 - 2011 in the Namhan river, Korea. The purpose of this study was to investigate the spatial distribution of benthic macroinvertebrates and the influence of environmental factors at the weirs 2014 - 2015. The number of species was higher in the riparian zone than in the transition or the limnetic zone. This seems to be because of the diversification of microhabitats and food sources according to the development of littoral zones. From the riparian zone to the limnetic zone, the individual abundance proportion of gathering collectors among functional feeding groups decreased, and that of filtering collectors increased. In the limnetic zone, sprawlers and climbers among habitat orientation groups decreased, and burrowers increased. This means that coarse particulate organic matter originated from land or riparian zone was transformed to fine particulate organic matter in the limnetic zone. Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea) and chironomids were dominant species based on individual abundance. Asian clam, a major taxon considering biomass, was abundant toward the limnetic zone. This is becasue of the shallow depth, suitable water current, slightly coarse substrate, and good water quality. There was no significant relationship between the water quality and the characteristics of the benthic macroinvertebrate community because the water quality was spatially not heterogenous. The more influential factors for benthic community were physical factors, especially water depth. Water depth showed a markedly significant correlation with Shannon-Weaver's species diversity (r=-0.90), Margalef's species richness (r=-0.82), and McNaughton's dominance (r=0.86). Water depth showed a positive correlation (r=0.68) with the Kong and Kim BMSI (Bentic Macroinverebrates Streambed Index), and this may be related to the coarse substrate of the limnetic zone.

• 전기화학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.56-63
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• 2023

태양, 파도, 바람 등 친환경 재생에너지원을 이용한 전력 생산 기술이 성숙함에 따라 재생에너지 전력의 경제성과 규모 측면에서 빠르게 발전하고 있다. 특히, 전기화학적인 방법으로 수소를 생산하는 기술은 이러한 재생에너지와 효율적으로 연계될 수 있는 방법 중 하나로 주목받고 있다. 수전해 기술은 작동 온도에 따라서 저온(100 ℃ 이하), 중온(300-700 ℃), 고온(700 ℃ 이상) 수전해로 나눌 수 있으며, 에너지 소비량 및 전압 효율 평가는 열역학 법칙에 따라 계산한다. 그러나 수전해 평가에서 열역학적 전압(thermodynamic voltage)과 열중성 전압(thermo-neutral voltage)의 개념이 혼용되어 사용되고 있다. 본 총설에서는 저온 PEM (proton exchange membrane) 수전해 기술을 바탕으로 작동 전압과 효율 평가에 대한 이해를 높이고, 열역학적 전압과 열중성 전압의 차이점을 명확히 하고자 한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제111권2호
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• pp.330-344
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• 2022

전 세계 산림 면적이 여전히 감소하고 있는 가운데 산림을 포함한 육상생태계의 보전은 지구 공동체가 함께 달성해야 할 지속가능발전목표 중 하나로 이를 달성하기 위한 국제사회의 적극적인 노력이 요구된다. 공적개발원조 사업의 대상국은 전통적으로 국가이익을 고려하여 결정되었으나 최근 글로벌 규범인 지속가능발전목표가 국내의 공적개발원조 전략에 내재화됨에 따라 산림 부문 ODA 대상국 탐색이 다각적으로 이루어질 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 산림 파괴가 심한 개도국을 대상으로 기후변화 대응, 생물다양성 보전, 사막화 방지 측면에서 국가의 경제·사회·환경 부문의 이행 준비 및 필요성을 분석하여 '그린 ODA'에 충족될 수 있는 협력 대상국을 제시하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 기존의 산림 협력이 중점적으로 이루어진 아시아 국가에서 나아가 남아메리카와 아프리카 국가로 산림 협력의 확대가 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 식량·에너지·수자원·산불 등 산림 전용요인의 근본적인 해결을 위하여 녹색기술과의 융·복합을 추진하고 사업 활동과 재원, 참여자의 다각화를 통해 산림분야 양자 ODA를 확대하는 방안을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 산림 부문 양자 협력 대상국 범위를 확대하는데 있어 산림 파괴가 진행 중인 전 세계 국가를 대상으로 장기적인 전략 수립을 위한 기초 정보를 제공하는데 기여할 수 있다.