• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to understand the geographical and environmental distribution of wild animals in Baekdudaegan region using field survey and GIS data. Crucial factors were selected and analyzed to understand the distributional characteristics of wild animals (7 species in 6 families) and rare endemic plants (14 species in 11 families). These crucial factors include stand factors (forest type, DBH class, and crown density), soil factors (bed rock, soil texture, and organic matter), geographical factors (elevation, slope, aspect) and climatic factors (temperature, rain fall, humidity). Finally, 10 factors were selected by statistical analysis and categorized for analyzing geographical and environmental features. Four families such as Muridae, Sciuridae, Suidae and Talpidea in wild animal showed the similar habitat characteristics with the 10 factors.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 2008

This study was carried out to obtain ecological information necessary for a conservation plan based on the distributional patterns, wetland types, and hydrophytic characteristics of urban wetlands in Seongnam City, Kyunggi Province where representing the various patterns of land use made by rapid urbanization since 1970s. Total 162 sites of four wetland types were identified as urban wetlands during the first survey. The sites were classified into 55 forested swamps, 4 riverine wetlands, 62 abandoned paddy fields, 37 small ponds, and 4 reservoirs, etc. The second survey targeted 107 sites which were identified as good wetlands. It showed that 42 sites(about 39%) were already degraded due to drainage, landfill, and crop cultivation at 6 months intervals. Both hydrologic conditions and hydrophytic characteristics of 27 good wetlands help maintain current ecological status, but most wetlands have been degraded by artificial impacts. Among 184 species identified, only 75 species(about 40.7%) were hydrophytes. Prevalence Index of hydrophyte based on three categories of OBL(obligatory wetland plant), FAC(facultitative plant), UPL(obligatory upland plant) was 3.7, indicating that vegetation data alone is inadequate to designate as wetlands. This study revealed that as critical habitats for wildlife they playa vital role in ecotone between both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem with its proper distributional pattern in spite of their small areas compared to the entire geographic region of the City.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.24-41
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• 2010

Distributional characteristics of vascular plants and plants selection for revegetation in bare ground of lakeside was investigated in nine artificial lakes. The vascular plants were composed of 64 families, 194 genera, 268 species, 3 subspecies, 30 varieties, 3 forma, totaling 304 taxa. Dominant species of nine investigated areas were represented as Ambrosia trifida, Calystegia hederacea, Matricaria matricariodes, Xanthium italicum. Dominant species of three parts based on the location of artificial lakes were as follows:Ambrosia trifida, Bidens tripartita, Calystegia hederacea, Equisetum arvense, Setaria viridis, Spergula arvensis, Torilis japonica in northern part (Lake Paro and Soyang); Calystegia hederacea, Matricaria matricariodes, Rumex crispus, Xanthium italicum in middle part (Lake Chungju, Daecheong, Andong and Imha); and Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Bidens frondosa, Chenopodium glaucum, Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Persicaria pubescens, Setaria viridis in southern part(Lake Juam, Hapcheon and Jinyang). Among the 304 taxa, Korean endemic, endangered and rare plants were not investigated. The naturalized plants were 46 taxa, and life form was Th-$R_5-D_4$-e type. Above the results, Calystegia hederacea, Equisetum arvense, Xanthium italicum, Matricaria matricariodes, and Spergula arvensis were considered with proper species for revegetation in bare ground of lakeside in artificial lakes.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.40 no.3 s.108
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• pp.335-352
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• 2005

The question of whether fan type surface developed at the foot of mountains is pediment or alluvial fan has been discussed consistently through the Korean geomorphic history. Unfortunately the term, 'alluvial fan' was scarcely used, also even the existence of alluvial fan has been denied throughly for a long time in Korea. The negation of alluvial fan brought some difficulties in the development of the related Geomorphology. In order to resolve such a problem, more logical and exquisite theory by examination of geomorphic process must be systematically presented on the basis of overall problem recognition. The objective of this study is to represent the theoretical indicator based on the investigation of the points at issue that the existence of alluvial fan in Korea was denied. Moreover, we selected 13 alluvial fans in southern part of Korean Peninsula to compare with the worldwide alluvial fans according to theoretical indicator, and analysed their geomorphic distributional characteristics.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.219-230
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• 2023

Marine waste is classified according to its location into coastal waste, floating waste, and submerged waste. As awareness of environmental issues increases, research on marine submerged waste in addition to visible trash is needed. In Korea, which is surrounded by the sea on three sides, this is a study on the distribution of marine sedimentary waste by type in the West Sea of Korea. Through the study, waste synthetic resin, scrap metal, waste tires, and others appeared in the order of large amounts. As a result showing the seriousness of waste synthetic resin among sediments deposited in the West Sea, it is expected to have a huge impact not only on the marine ecosystem but also on our lives in the near future. Through this study, it is judged that it will be helpful for future collection activities by recognizing marine submerged waste that was not known because it was invisible.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.171-186
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• 2000

The aim of this paper is to investigate the acoustic characteristics of the French vowel [e] and Korean [i] and to seek a way of understanding them from a phonological point of view. These two vowels have similar distributional properties, i.e. they alternate with zero in some contexts. Therefore, in both languages, they are not found when immediately followed by a nucleus with phonetic content and in word-final positions. We firstly compare the two vowels by measuring the actual frequencies of the formants, pitch and energy using CSL. We also consider whether the realisation of the two vowels is affected by the speed of speech sounds. In order to show that realisation of the two vowels in both languages is not arbitrary, rather predicted, we will introduce the notion of proper government, proposed and developed by Kaye (1987, 1990) and Charette (1991).

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.210-216
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• 2015

This paper proposes a method to determine vehicle driving state using the driving characteristics index. This index is a quantitative value to classify the driving state of a vehicle with its velocity and heading angle in that instant. It can classify driving state into straight driving, lane changing driving and curve driving in real time. In addition, the number of positional information is movably set up by designed region of interest. The proposed index is expressed on the stable driving states. Each driving state has characteristic tendency, and is compared with index distributional areas. The proposed method is verified by the actual driving experiment on the KATECH proving ground.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.179-185
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• 2009

The species composition and distributional patterns in marine benthic algae at intertidal zone in Masan Bay were investigated seasonally throughout 2007. A total of 42 species, 5 Chlorophyta 8 Phaeophyta and 29 Rhodophyta were recorded, and dominant species were Enteromorpha linza, Ulva pertusa, Sargassum thunbergii, Gelidium amansii, G. divaricatum, Corallina pilulifera, Gracilaria textorii, and Polysiphonia morrowii during study periods. Especially the vertical distribution of dominant algal species was remarkable: U. pertusa and G. divaricatum were dominated in the upper part, E. intestinalis, E. linza, S. thunbergii and G. divaricatum were in the middle part, and U. pertusa, Undaria pinnatiffda, S. thunbergii, G. amansii, G. divaricatum and C. pilulifera mainly occurred in the low part of tidal zone. The numbers of species were different with seasons and stations; Higher number of species was 38 species in winter, whereas 28 species were the lowest in fall. The number of species was higher at stations 4 and 6 Mile the lower value was at stations 1 and 2 than other stations. The spatial distributional patterns of marine benthic algal composition at each station in dendrogram and MDS ordination were due to the differences of local topography and physical characteristics such as currents and water movements.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.37-59
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• 2017

The Korean peninsula belongs to the temperate forest biome dominated by many deciduous oaks. We quantitatively and qualitatively studied vertical and horizontal distributions and habitat characteristics on the major oak species such as Quercus mongolica, Q. serrata, Q. variabilis, Q. dentata, Q. aliena and Q. acutissima. A total of 5,278 samples were analyzed with a species coverage and 6 principal environmental variables extracted from public database of nationwide natural environment survey. Correlation analysis was accomplished by the CANOCO using Canonical Correspondence Analysis and the Pearson correlation coefficient using PASW Statistics. The hierarchical distribution tendency of six oaks was finalized using the Goodman-Kruskal lambda coefficient of non-metric multidimensional scaling by SYN-TAX 2000. The utmost factor on the distributional segregation of oak species was the elevation, i.e. temperature. Q. serrata and Q. mongolica show clearly a diametrical distribution patterns with zonal distribution. Q. variabilis was determined as a thermophilic and xerophilous species that is a component of not only natural pseudo-climax forest but also secondary forest. The highest frequency of the dominant forest was found Q. mongolica. Whereas, Q. serrata showed the highest frequency of individual tree but the relatively lower frequency of dominant forest, which is resulted from the original habitat loss. By the benefit of the traditional Soopjeong-E, Q. acutissima dominant forests were remained rather largely. Individuals of Q. dentata occurred horizontally nationwide, but its dominant forest was the poorest. Dominant forest of Q. aliena, which is a natural vegetation, was the most rare due to a limited potential habitat.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.179-187
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• 2000

The achene morphology about 16 taxa of Korean Aster L. sensu lato were investigated to estimate its taxonomic values. The achene shapes were divided into four types; oblanceolate-oblong, obovate, oblong and obovate-oblong. The trichome shape on achene six types; uniseriate-conical, filiform, cylindrical, capitate type, long stalk capitate and globular. Their distributional features on upper part of achene four types; absent, sparse distribution of conical trichome, dense distribution of conical trichome and mixed distribution of conical and capitate trichome. The achene shapes and trichome characteristics were regarded to be a good characters in delimiting taxa because these did not differ among individuals in same taxa, but differ among the taxa. If Korean Aster L. sensu late were divided into Kalimeris, Heteropappus, Aster, Cymnaster, the capitate forms and mixed distribution of conical and capitate trichome were recognized as the good characters in delimting above section such as genus Kalimeris and Heteropappus, section Pseudocalimeris of Aster L. sensu stricto.