• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.463-469
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• 2012

This study utilized a standardization and cluster analysis technique for the selection and classification of beneficial bacteria. A set of synthetic data consisting of 100 individual variables with three characteristics was created for analysis. The three characteristics assigned to each independent variable were designated to have different numeric scales, averages, and standard deviations. The variables were bacterial isolates at random, and the three characteristics were fermentation products, including cell yield, antioxidant activity of culture, and enzyme production. A standardization method utilizing a standard normal distribution equation to record fermentation yields of each isolate was employed to weight their different numeric scales and deviations. Following transformation, the data set was analyzed by cluster analysis. The Manhattan method for dissimilarity matrix construction along with complete linkage technique, an agglomerative method for hierarchical cluster analysis, was employed using statistical computing program R. A total of 100 isolates were classified into groups A, B, and C. In a comparison of the characteristics of each group, all characteristics in groups A and C were higher than those of group B. Isolates displaying higher cell yield were classified as group A, whereas those isolates showing high antioxidant activity and enzyme production were assigned to group C. The results of the cluster analysis can be useful for the classification of numerous isolates and the preparation of an isolation pool using numerical or statistical tools. The present study suggests that a simple technique can be applied to screen and select beneficial microbes using the freely downloadable statistical computing program R.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-31
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• 2002

Precipitation variability around King Sejong Station related with E1 $Ni\~{n}o$/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is evaluated using the gauge-based monthly data of its neighboring stations. Though three Ant-arctic Stations of King Sejong (Korea), Frei (Chile), and Artigas (Uruguay) are all closely located within 10 km, their precipitation data show mostly insignificant positive or rather negative correlations among them in the annual, seasonal and monthly precipitation. This result indicates that there are locally large variations in the distribution of precipitation around King Sejong Station. The monthly data of Frei Station for 31 years (1970-2000) are analyzed for examining the ENSO signal in precipitation because of its longer precipitation record compared to other two stations. From the analysis of seasonal precipitation, it is seen that there is a tendency of less precipitation than the average during E1 $Ni\~{n}o$ events. This dryness is more distinct in fall to spring seasons, in which the precipitation decreases down to about 30% of seasonal mean precipitation. However, the precipitation signal related with La $Ni\~{n}a$ events is not significant. From the analysis of monthly precipitation, it is found that there is a strong negative correlation during 1980s and in the late 1990s, and a weak positive correlation in the early 1990s between normalized monthly precipitation at Frei Station and Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies in the $Ni\~{n}o$ 3.4 region. However, this relation may be not applied over the region around King Sejong Station, but at only one station, Frei.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.2857-2860
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• 2012

Pancreatic cancer is usually detected late and has a high mortality rate. Since little is known about this cancer in Malaysia, a review of all cases admitted to Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital was conducted to identify the epidemiological distribution and assess survival. A list of pancreatic cancer patients in 2001-2008 was obtained from the Hospital Record Department. Only cases confirmed by radio-imaging or histo-pathology examination were included. We excluded those with incomplete medical records. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard approaches were used for data analysis. Only 56 cases were included with a mean (SD) age of 49.6 (16.0) years, with 60.7% males and 82.1% of Malay ethnicity. Previous history included cholelithiasis in 23.2%, diabetes mellitus in 16.1%, previous laparotomy in 10.7%, chronic pancreatitis in 7.1%, alcohol drinking in 5.4% and positive family history in 3.6%. The common presenting history included 67.9% loss of appetite, 66.1% loss of weight, 58.9% jaundice and 46.4% abdominal pain. Tumour staging was: 21.5% stage l, 17.8% stage ll, 3.6% stage lll and 57.1% stage lV. The median (95% CI) survival time was 3.4 (0.5, 6.3) months and significant prognostic factors were duration of symptoms (HR 0.97; 95% CI: 0.95, 0.99; p value 0.013), ascites (HR 2.64; 95% CI: 1.28, 5.44; p value 0.008) and Whipple surgery (HR 4.20; 95% CI: 2.27, 7.76; p value <0.001). The history of presenting complaints was short and the majority presented at late stages of the disease, thus the median survival time was very poor.

• 정보관리학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.133-151
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• 2014

본고는 정보산업 분야 전체를 포괄하는 연계식별자로서 ISNI의 중요성을 인식하여 ISNI의 개념 및 전거제어에서 이의 활용가능성을 모색하고자 하였다. ISNI는 창작, 생산, 관리, 내용 배포의 흐름에서 정보매체 내용산업 전체와 관련된 개인(Party)의 대중개체(Public Identities) 식별을 위한 연계식별자로 전세계 망라적 이름 전거제어를 위해 필요하다. 우선 ISNI의 개념, 목적, 용어, 식별자구조, ISNI 할당원칙, 관리방식, 메타데이터에 대해 조사하였다. 이를 바탕으로 전거제어에서 활용가능성을 모색하였다. 첫째, 국내 협력 전거제어를 위해 ISNI의 개념을 도입하는 것을 고려해야 할 것이다. 국내에 맞는 ISNI 체제인 KISNI를 구축하여 도서관 및 정보산업 분야에서 생산되는 모든 전거데이터를 상호 활용할 수 있도록 할 수 있다. 둘째, 연계식별자인 ISNI를 이용하여 여러 식별자를 연계함으로 링크드데이터 구축이 가능하게 될 것이다. 셋째, 서지레코드 및 전거레코드에 ISNI 식별자를 기술할 수 있도록 KORMARC을 확장해야 할 것이다.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1166-1174
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• 2015

단순 바코드 또는 포장 내용물 단위의 이력추적, 농 식품의 저장 창고나 배송차량의 일부 정보 추적, 직감에 의한 원격 환경 조정 등을 통해 농 식품의 위해인자를 차단하려는 노력들이 있었다. 그러나 이러한 시도는 선택적인 정보수집 및 불충분한 정보량, 현실과 수집 시점 간 시간차에 따른 정보 왜곡의 문제점 및 각 유통 기업의 자체 독립적인 정보망으로 인하여 생산지로부터 소비자까지의 총체적인 위해인자 차단이 어렵다. 본 논문에서는 농 식품의 생산지뿐만 아니라 전주기상의 주요 유통 거점, 소비지까지 정형, 반 정형, 비정형의 다양하고 대규모의 농 식품 유통 정보를 이용하여, 위해인자 발생의 실시간 상황이나 예측, 추적을 통하여, 위해인자 파급 차단과 예방을 위한 농 식품의 위해인자 신속 관리 방법을 제안한다. 제안방법은 빅 데이터 클러스터 기반, 실시간으로 정보를 수집하고, 위해인자 상황인지, 위해인자 발생 예측, 위해인자 발생지 추적 분석을 통해 위해인자를 차단하고 파급을 예측하며, 그 결과를 가시화하여 신속하게 위해인자를 관리 할 수 있도록 한다.

• 식물분류학회지
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.266-271
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• 2015

통영시 미륵산 용화사 근처에서 보리수나무과에 속하는 미기록 분류군인 통영볼레나무(Elaeagnus pungens Thunb.)가 발견되었다. 이 분류군은 중국과 일본 원산으로, 북아메리카에는 도입되어 분포하고 있다. 근연 분류군인 보리장나무(Elaeagnus glabra)와 비교하여 경침이 존재하며, 엽연은 파상형으로 뒤로 젖혀지고, 잎 뒷몃은 은백색 인모에 드물게 갈색 인모가 있으며, 꽃받침통은 종형의 형태를 가진다는 점에서 뚜렷이 구분된다. 국명은 채집지의 명칭을 따서 '통영볼레나무'로 명명하였으며, 형태적 특징의 기재, 생태사진, 도해, 표본사진 및 검색표를 제시하였다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.127-141
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• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the clinical features of internal derangement of temporomandibular joint. For this study, 117 patients with temporomandibular disorders and 81 dental students without any signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were selected as the patients group and as the control group, respectively. Preferred chewing side, Angle's classification, lateral guidance pattern, maximal mouth opening range, and affected side were recorded clinically. Head and shouldeer posture was measured in a groundplate on which square diagram of five centimeters each had been drawn, and cephalograph was also taken for measurement of head and neck posture. Sonopak of Biopak system (Bioresearch inc., USA) was used to record joint vibration for evaluation of internal healthy status of temporomandibular joint. The data collected were analyzed by SAS statistical program. The results of this study were as follows : 1. Frequency of left side chewing subjects was higher in patients than in control group, but there was no difference in distribution of subjects by Angle's classification. Other types was prvalent in patients whereas group function was more in control group for lateral guidance pattern. 2. As to lateral guidance pattern by clinical diagnosis, patients with internal derangement and/or degenerative joint disease showed higher frequency was consistent with the result by Sonopak impression. 3. There was no difference for shoulder height between the two groups, however, tilting of head and backward extension of cervical spine was more frequent in control group. 4. Acromion was positioned more anteriorly in patients with internal derangement and/or degenerative joint disease than in control group and angle between eye and tragus was larger in patients. Patients with degenerative joint disease showed more flexed head posture than control group did in cephalometric profile. 5. Maximal mouth opening range in patients with internal derangement was the least in all subgroups in patients classified by Sonopak impression.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.881-887
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• 2011

미국을 비롯한 선진국들은 배치 운용중인 개발 무기체계의 야전 운용자료를 수집 분석하여 신뢰도 유지여부를 확인하고 설계 재반영, 군수지원 요소 최적화를 위한 기초 경험자료 등으로 잘 활용하고 있으나 국내에서는 적용이 미흡한 실정이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국내 연구개발후 함정에 배치 운용 중인 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$대함유도탄을 대상으로 최근 6년간 ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$발에 대한 구성품별 고장현황 등이 포함된 야전 운용자료를 수집하여 Weibull++ v7 소프트웨어에 입력후 모수적 추정방법을 이용하여 신뢰도를 분석하였다. 분석결과를 개발단계에서 분석된 유도탄과 구성품별 MTBF와 비교하여 초기신뢰도 유지여부를 분석하였고, 고장패턴과 검사주기 적절성도 확인하였다. 도출결과를 개발기관 및 품질보증기관, 제작사에 환류하여 RCM 분석을 통한 초기 신뢰도 회복 조치 및 총수명주기간 유지보수비가 절감되도록 정비정책에 대한 개선방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제21권sup1호
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• pp.74-74
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• 2009

The perciform suborder Labroidei comprising six families (Cichlidae, Embiotocidae, Pomacentridae, Labridae, Odacidae, and Scaridae) are characterized by having the specialized pharyngeal jaws for food processing, i.e., united fifth ceratobranchials and upper pharyngeal jaw articulating with the basicranium via diarthroses (Stiassny and Jensen, 1987). They usually inhabit in the most tropical and subtropical seas and comprise about 235 genera and roughly 2,274 species worldwide (Nelson, 2006). Concerning the Korean labroid fishes, Mori (1952) had listed 18 genera and 26 species belong to four families in his check list of Korean fishes since Jordan and Metz (1913) firstly reported six genera and seven species in only two families (Embiotocidae and Labridae). Chyung (1977) added two species, Tilapia mossambica and Cirrhilabrus temmincki, to Mori’s list and also classified them into three suborders, i.e., Embiotocina (containing only Embiotocidae), Pomacentrina (Cichlidae and Pomacentridae), and Labrina (Labridae and Scaridae). Subsequently, Lee and Kim (1996) reviewed the Korean labroidfishes taxonomically resulting in 22 genera and 32 species in five families with some taxonomical modifications including a new Korean record. It is remarkable to be added many new Korean recordsto the pomacentrids or the labrids for recent 10 years (Koh et al., 1995; Yoo et al., 1995; Koh et al., 1997; Myoung, 1997; Choi and Kim, 2000; Choi et al., 2002; Kim and Go, 2003). Recently, Kim et al. (2005) briefly described all members of the Korean Labroidei with a color photograph or a figure, recognizing 27 genera and 42 species in five families. In the present study, the current taxonomical status of the Korean labroid fishes including distributional features is summarized based both on specimens collected from the Korean waters and on literature survey to provide bio-information of the Korean native fish species. As a result, the Korean labroid fishes totally consist of 27 genera and 44 species in five families, that is, Cichlidae (1 species), Embiotocidae (3), Pomacentridae (15), Labridae (22), and Scaridae (2). They distributed mainly in the coastal waters of the South Sea, Korea, however, most pomacentrids or labrids occur in the coastal waters of Jeju Island only, although some species were observed in their larval or juvenile stages only from coastal waters of the island. Interestingly, several species are expanding their distribution north to Ulreung and Dok islands in the East Sea, Korea lately.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.207-215
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• 1990

In order to investigate the occurrence characteristics of cancer in terms of industry in Kwangju-Chonnam area, medical utilization records of industrial medical insurance corporations during the period of 1987 to 1988 were reviewed for the identification of neoplastic disease. The cases obtained from the medical records were followed up for the verification and to get additional information. Standardized incidence data were compared by occupational characteristics. Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the difference of incidence or distribution of cancer as a whole or of some selected cancer. Total cases of cancer identified were 242 during the study period. Annual incidence rate was calculated as 123.1 per 100,000 person. The frequent types of cancer were cancers of stomach, liver, lung, colon and rectum, bladder and lymphoma in descending order. Employees of mine and other sand handling industries showed significantly higher risks for cancer of stomach and cancer as a whole. Employees of the transportation industry showed the higher risk for cancer of liver, Workers in small-sized industry (${\leqq}100$) had a higher risk for cancer than who in large-sized industry (<100). These findings suggested the effect of occupational environmental exposure to cancer development.