• 제목/요약/키워드: Distributed Generation(DG)

검색결과 162건 처리시간 0.026초

Analysis of the Operating Point and Fault Current Contribution of a PEMFC as Distributed Generation (DG)

  • Moon, Dae-Seong;Kang, Gi-Hyeok;Chung, Il-Yop;Won, Dong-Jun
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제4권3호
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    • pp.382-388
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    • 2009
  • Recently, hydrogen energy has been anticipated to change the paradigm of conventional power systems because it can expand sustainable energy utilization and conceptually provide remarkable flexibility to power system operation. Since hydrogen energy can be converted to electric energy through fuel cells, fuel cells are expected to play an important role in the future hydrogen economy. In this paper, a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is modeled as an equivalent circuit and its steady-state characteristics investigated using the model. PEMFCs can be connected to power systems through power conditioning systems, which consist of power electronic circuits, and which are operated as distributed generators. This paper analyzes the effects of the characteristics of the PEMFC internal voltages and investigated the dynamic responses of the PEMFC under fault conditions. The results show that the fault current contribution of the PEMFC is different from those of conventional generators and is closely related to its operating point.

단상 계통연계 인버터의 SRF 전력제어 방법 (A SRF Power Flow Control Method for Grid-Connected Single-Phase Inverter Systems)

  • 박한얼;김은석;송중호
    • 조명전기설비학회논문지
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    • 제24권5호
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    • pp.129-135
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    • 2010
  • 화석에너지의 고갈과 환경오염 문제를 해결하기 위한 대안인 신재생 에너지를 이용하는 분산발전 시스템은 핵심 구성 요소인 PWM 인버터의 전력제어가 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 단상 계통연계 인버터 시스템의 전력제어를 위해 계통 임피던스를 고려한 SRF(synchronous-reference-frame) 전력제어 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 SRF 전력제어 방법은 복잡한 계통 임피던스의 추정 없이 계통 임피던스의 공칭값(nominal value)에 기반해 단상 인버터에 전압 기준값(reference)을 제공하여 독립운전 모드와 계통연계 모드에서 모두 운전이 가능함을 나타내었다. 또한, 유효전력과 무효전력의 독립적인 제어가 가능한 장점을 가진다. 계통을 포함하는 시뮬레이션을 통해 제안한 SRF 전력제어 방법의 타당성을 검증한다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 제안한 SRF 전력제어 방법을 통해 단상 계통연계 인버터 시스템의 전력 흐름을 적절히 제어할 수 있음을 보여주고 있다.

가변 및 민감성 부하를 고려한 대단위 가상 발전소 운영 방법 (Large-scale Virtual Power Plant Management Method Considering Variable and Sensitive Loads)

  • 박용국;이민구;정경권;이용구
    • 전자공학회논문지
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    • 제52권5호
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 2015
  • 가상발전소(Virtual Power Plant)는 비상발전(DG), 열병합발전(CHP), 에너지 저장 장치(ESS), 부하(Load)등과 같은 분산 에너지 자원을 ICT기반의 기술로 연계하여 하나의 단일 발전소와 같이 운영하는 기술이다. 지금까지의 가상발전소는 하나의 가상발전 플랫폼을 통하여 광범위하게 산재해 있는 다양한 분산 에너지 자원을 네트워크로 연결하는 구조를 기반으로 개발되고 실증되었다. 그러나 분산 에너지 자원 종류 및 수가 지속적으로 증가할 경우 이러한 분산 에너지 자원과 관련된 데이터 또한 기하급수적으로 증가할 수밖에 없으며 분산 에너지 자원의 분포가 광범위한 지역에 분포되어 있는 경우 하나의 가상발전 플랫폼으로 이들 모든 자원에 대한 네트워크를 중앙 집중형으로 가져가는 것은 네트워크 구성을 위한 기술적, 비용적 측면에서 매우 비효율적이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 광범위한 지역에 분포되어 있는 분산 에너지 자원을 효율적으로 관리함으로써 시스템 부하에 따른 오류 확률을 낮추고, 분산 에너지 자원과의 데이터 교환의 견고성과 가상발전소의 확장성을 확보할 수 있는 대단위 가상 발전소 구성 방법을 제안한다. 또한 대단위 가상 발전소 구성 시 분산 에너지 자원을 직접적으로 제어하고 모니터링하는 소단위 가상발전 플랫폼에서 가변 및 민감성 부하를 고려한 최적의 자원 스케줄링 방법 또한 시뮬레이션을 통해 그 결과의 유효성을 검증한다.

배전계통 운영비용의 최소화에 의한 분산전원의 최적용량과 위치결정 (Optimal capacity and allocation of distributed generation by minimum operation cost of distribution system)

  • 박정훈;배인수;김진오;심헌
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2003년도 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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    • pp.360-362
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    • 2003
  • In operation of distribution system, DGs(Distributed Generations) are installed as an alternative of extension and establishment of substations, transmission and distribution lines according to increasing power demand. Optimal capacity and allocation of DGs improve power quality and reliability. This paper proposes a method for determining the optimal number, size and allocation of DGs needed to minimize operation cost of distribution system. Capacity of DGs for economic operation of distribution system can be estimated by the load growth and line capacity during operation planning duration. DG allocations are determined to minimize total cost with failure rate and annual reliability cost of each load point using GA(Genetic Algorithm).

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계통연계형 태양광발전시스템의 태양광전지모델 시뮬레이션 (A Photovoltaic Device Model for Grid-connected PV System Simulation)

  • 켐벨 라이언;김학만;이종수;신명철
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2006년도 제37회 하계학술대회 논문집 A
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    • pp.18-19
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    • 2006
  • The recent interest in distributed generation (DG) due to the opening of the electricity market and the need for alternatives to conventional fossil fuel-based electricity generation has created renewed interest in grid-connected photovoltaic(PV) systems. Many studies are being performed at the power system level to examine the impacts of grid-connected PV systems and several models for PV arrays have been proposed in the literature. However, the complexity of these models and difficulties of implementing them in various software programs can be deterrents to their use. This paper proposes a robust and flexible PV device model suitable for dynamic and transient studies where the PV array's non-linear DC characteristics are important. The model's implementation in software is straightforward and it can even be constructed using standard software library components, as demonstrated using PSCAD/EMTDC.

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신재생에너지 밀집 연계 배전망의 DC화에 따른 효율성 분석 및 ESS 활용방안 검토 (Efficiency Analysis of DC application on RES concentrated distribution system and utilization plan for ESS)

  • 고보경;송성윤;신병윤;장길수
    • 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 대한전기학회 2015년도 제46회 하계학술대회
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    • pp.255-256
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    • 2015
  • The increasing penetration of renewable energy based distributed generation(DG) sources in low-voltage grid feeders has been receiving increased attention. High penetration of renewable energy generation in a distribution system can cause power quality and efficiency problem. In this paper, the operating plan for ESS and the efficiency analysis on RES(Renewable energy source) concentrated distribution system.

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분산전원이 도입된 배전계통의 보호협조 해석방법 (Protection Coordination Analysis for Distribution Systems Integrated with Distributed Generation)

  • 김재언;김의환
    • 한국산학기술학회논문지
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    • 제12권5호
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    • pp.2279-2284
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    • 2011
  • 기존의 수지상 배전계통은 사고 등에 대한 설비보호 및 전력공급 신뢰도 향상을 위하여 과전류보호협조방식을 채택하고 있다. 국내 배전계통의 경우, 그 보호방식 협조체계는 배전용변전소 동일 변압기 동일 모선에서 다수의 배전선이 각각 CB(변전소 차단기)를 통하여 인출되어 각 배전선로 이하에서 사고발생시 고장전류를 검출하여 해당 CB를 차단하도록 되어있다. 그러나, 이와 같은 보호방식을 채용하고 있는 배전계통에 분산전원이 도입될 경우 변전소 인출차단기의 차단용량은 영향을 받게 되므로 충분한 검토가 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 분산전원 도입시, 국내 배전용 변전소의 인출차단기에 대한 차단용량을 초과하지 않는 보호협조방법을 제시하고, 이를 PSCAD-EMTDC 계통해석 S/W Tool에 의하여 모의하여 검증하였다.

Power Quality Improvement for Grid Connected Inverters under Distorted and Unbalanced Grids

  • Kim, Hyun-Sou;Kim, Jung-Su;Kim, Kyeong-Hwa
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제16권4호
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    • pp.1578-1586
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    • 2016
  • A power quality improvement scheme for grid connected inverters, even in the presence of the disturbances in grid voltages due to harmonic distortions and three-phase imbalance, is presented for distributed generation (DG) power systems. The control objective is to force the inverter currents to follow their references with robustness even under external disturbances in grid voltages. The proposed scheme is realized by a disturbance observer (DOB) based current control scheme. Since the uncertainty in a system can be effectively canceled out using an estimated disturbance by the DOB, the resultant system behaves like a closed-loop system consisting of a disturbance-free nominal model. For experimental verification, a 2 kVA laboratory prototype of a grid connected inverter has been built using a digital signal processor (DSP) TMS320F28335. Through comparative simulations and experimental results under grid disturbances such as harmonic distortion and imbalance, the effectiveness of the proposed DOB based current control scheme is demonstrated.

Active Distribution System Planning Considering Battery Swapping Station for Low-carbon Objective using Immune Binary Firefly Algorithm

  • Shi, Ji-Ying;Li, Ya-Jing;Xue, Fei;Ling, Le-Tao;Liu, Wen-An;Yuan, Da-Ling;Yang, Ting
    • Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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    • 제13권2호
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    • pp.580-590
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    • 2018
  • Active distribution system (ADS) considering distributed generation (DG) and electric vehicle (EV) is an effective way to cut carbon emission and improve system benefits. ADS is an evolving, complex and uncertain system, thus comprehensive model and effective optimization algorithms are needed. Battery swapping station (BSS) for EV service is an essential type of flexible load (FL). This paper establishes ADS planning model considering BSS firstly for the minimization of total cost including feeder investment, operation and maintenance, net loss and carbon tax. Meanwhile, immune binary firefly algorithm (IBFA) is proposed to optimize ADS planning. Firefly algorithm (FA) is a novel intelligent algorithm with simple structure and good convergence. By involving biological immune system into FA, IBFA adjusts antibody population scale to increase diversity and global search capability. To validate proposed algorithm, IBFA is compared with particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm on IEEE 39-bus system. The results prove that IBFA performs better than PSO in global search and convergence in ADS planning.

An Open Circuit Fault Diagnostic Technique in IGBTs for AC to DC Converters Applied in Microgrid Applications

  • Khomfoi, Surin;Sae-Kok, Warachart;Ngamroo, Issarachai
    • Journal of Power Electronics
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    • 제11권6호
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    • pp.801-810
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    • 2011
  • An open circuit fault diagnostic method in IGBTs for the ac to dc converters used in microgrid applications is developed in this paper. An ac to dc converter is a key technology for microgrids in order to interface both distributed generation (DG) and renewable energy resources (RES). Also, highly reliable ac to dc converters are necessary to keep converters in continuous operation as long as possible during power switch fault conditions. Therefore, the proposed fault diagnostic method is developed to reduce the fault detection time and to avoid any other fault alarms because continuous operation is desired. The proposed diagnostic method is a combination of the absolute normalized dc current technique and the false alarm suppression algorithm to overcome the long fault detection time and fault alarm problems. The simulation and experimental results show that the developed fault diagnostic method can perform fault detection within about one cycle. The results illustrate that the reliability of an ac to dc converter interfaced with a microgrid can be improved by using the proposed fault diagnostic method.