• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2000년도 NEW STRATEGY FOR DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN POST-GENOMIC ERA(대한약학회)
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• pp.199.2-200
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• 2000

• 건설관리
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.34-41
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• 2022

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집D
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• pp.325-330
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• 2001

One of the principal components of the KSTAR (Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research) tokamak structure is the vacuum vessel, which acts as the high vacuum boundary for the plasma and also provides the structural support for internal components. Hyundai Heavy Industries Inc. has performed the engineering design of the vacuum vessel. Here the overall configuration of the KSTAR vacuum vessel was briefly described and then the design methodology and the analysis results were presented. The vacuum vessel consists of double walls, several ports, leaf spring style supports. Double walls are separated by reinforcing ribs and filled with baking/shielding water. The overall external dimensions of the main body are 3.39 m high, 1.11 m inner radius, 2.99 m outer radius, and made of SA240-316LN. The vacuum vessel was designed to be capable of achieving the base pressure of $1\times10^{-8}$ Torr, and also to be structurally capable of sustaining the vacuum pressure, the electromagnetic and thermal loads during plasma disruption and bakeout, respectively. The vacuum vessel will be baked out maximum $150^{\circ}C$ by hot pressurized water through the channels formed between double walls and the reinforcing ribs. A 3-D temperature distribution and the resulting thermal loads in the vessel were calculated during bakeout. It was found that the vacuum vessel and its supports were structurally rigid based on the thermal stress analysis. The maximum electromagnetic loads on the vacuum vessel induced by eddy and halo currents resulting from the engineering plasma radial and vertical disruption scenarios have been estimated. The stress analyses have been performed based on these electromagnetic loads and the resulting stresses at he critical locations of the vacuum vessel were within the allowable stresses.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.213-217
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• 2013

Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) is a human gut commensal bacteria that causes inflammatory diarrhea and colitis. ETBF also promotes colorectal tumorigenesis in the Min mouse model. The key virulence factor is a secreted metalloprotease called B. fragilis toxin (BFT). BFT induces E-cadherin cleavage, cell rounding, activation of the ${\beta}$-catenin pathway and secretion of IL-8 in colonic epithelial cells. However, the precise mechanism by which these processes occur and how these processes are interrelated is still unclear. E-cadherin form homophilic interactions which tethers adjacent cells. Loss of E-cadherin results in detachment of adjacent cells. Prior studies have suggested that BFT induces IL-8 expression by inducing E-cadherin cleavage; cells that do not express E-cadherin do not secrete IL-8 in response to BFT. In the current study, we found that HT29/C1cells treated with dilute trypsin solution induced E-cadherin degradation and IL-8 secretion, consistent with the hypothesis that E-cadherin cleavage causes IL-8 secretion. However, physical damage to the cell monolayer did not induce IL-8 secretion. We also show that EDTA-mediated disruption of E-cadherin interactions without E-cadherin degradation was sufficient to induce IL-8 secretion. Finally, we determined that HT29/C1 cells treated with LiCl (${\beta}$-catenin activator) induced IL-8 secretion in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. Taken together, our results suggest that BFT induced IL-8 secretion may occur by the following process: E-cadherin cleavage, disruption of cellular interactions, activation of the ${\beta}$-catenin pathway and IL-8 expression. However, we further propose that E-cadherin cleavage per se may not be required for BFT induced IL-8 secretion.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.358-363
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• 2008

The intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) procedure has recently been utilized to produce transgenic animals and may serve as an alternative to the conventional pronuclear microinjection in species such as pigs whose ooplasm is opaque and pronuclei are often invisible. In this study, the effects of sperm membrane disruption and electrical activation of oocytes on in vitro development and expression of transgene green fluorescent protein (GFP) in ICSI embryos were tested to refine this recently developed procedure. Prior to ICSI, sperm heads were treated with Triton X-100+NaCl or Triton X-100+NaCl+NaOH, to disrupt membrane to be permeable to exogenous DNA, and incubated with linearized pEGFP-N1 vector. To induce activation of oocytes, a single DC pulse of 1.3 kV/cm was applied to oocytes for $30{\mu}sec$. After ICSI was performed with the aid of a micromanipulator, in vitro development of embryos and GFP expression were monitored. The chemical treatment to disrupt sperm membrane did not affect the developmental competence of embryos. 40 to 60% of oocytes were cleaved after injection of sperm heads with disrupted membrane, whereas 48.6% (34/70) were cleaved without chemical treatment. Regardless of electrical stimulation to induce activation, oocytes were cleaved after ICSI, reflecting that, despite sperm membrane disruption, the perinuclear soluble sperm factor known to mediate oocyte activation remained intact. After development to the 4-cell stage, 11.8 (2/17, Triton X-100+NaCl+NaOH) to 58.8% (10/17, Triton X-100+NaCl) of embryos expressed GFP. The expression of GFP beyond the stage of embryonic genome activation (4-cell stage in the pig) indicates that the exogenous DNA might have been integrated into the porcine genome. When sperm heads were co-incubated with exogenous DNA following the treatment of Triton X-100+NaCl, GFP expression was observed in high percentage (58.8%) of embryos, suggesting that transgenic pigs may efficiently be produced using ICSI.

• 한국정보전자통신기술학회논문지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.584-590
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• 2016

본 논문에서 제안하는 "도심환경에서 통신 단절 예방을 위한 RRPS(Priority Scheduling and Multi Path Routing Protocol)"에서는 밀집도에 따라 통신의 단절이 빈번하게 일어나는 도심환경의 V2I 및 V2V통신의 단절을 최소화 하기 위하여, RSU의 관리 영역인 Start Line, End Line을 이용하여 End Line에 도달하기 전에 요청 메시지에 대한 우선순위를 적용하여 우선순위가 제일 높은 요청데이터를 먼저 처리할 수 있도록 하는 RRPS(RSU Request Priority Scheduling)알고리즘을 설계를 제안한다. 결과적으로 본 논문에서 제안하는 RRPS는 RSU내에 정보를 요청한 차량의 메시지에 대하여 우선순위 스케줄링을 적용하여 V2I의 처리효율을 향상하고, 통신 단절을 예방하여 전송 성공확률을 향상시키는 효과를 갖는다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.231-236
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• 2005

Nowadays breast reconstruction with autologous tissues after radical mastectomy is commonly performed, and a natural inframammary fold in the reconstructed breast is considered to be an essential aspect of symmetrical breast shape and location. Total of 104 patients underwent breast reconstruction with free TRAM flap and formation of inframammary fold with free TRAM breast reconstruction was done in 79 patients. No suture fixation for inframammary fold were done in 19 patients. 27 patients(24.0%) were made of inframammary fold with absorbable suture, 52 patients (50.0%) underwent inframammary fold creation with nonabsorbable suture. There were 4 cases(16.0%) of displacement of reconstructed breast and 2 cases(8.0%) of partial disruption of inframammary fold in the group of no suture. There were 2 cases(7.4%) of displacement of reconstructed breast and 3 cases(11.1%) of partial disruption of inframmamary fold in the fixed group with absorbable suture. There was only 1 case(1.9%) of partial disruption of inframammary fold fixed with nonabsorbable suture group. Therefore, we could speculate that the reinforcement of ligamentous structure for making the definite inframammary fold is necessary, and the area of the inframammary fold should not be undermined in immediate breast reconstruction as much as possible in order to preserve the zone of adherence. If the fold is disrupted during the mastectomy, it should be re-created with the non-absorbable sutures. Nonabsorbable suture fixation seemed to be more stable than absorbable suture. Preoperative marking and design are very important to make the symmetrical shape and location of inframammary fold in both of immediate and delayed reconstruction of breasts.

• 한국위성정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.42-49
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• 2017

지연/분열 허용 네트워크는 간헐적인 통신링크 단절, 높은 전송 에러율와 같은 행성 간 통신에서 마주하는 주된 문제점들을 해결할 주된 기술로 여겨진다. 행성 간 통신에서 종단간 연결성이 보장되지 않아 간헐적으로 통신링크가 단절되면 길고 일정하지 않은 시간 지연과 정보 손실이 발생하고, 따라서 종단간 연결성을 요구하는 인터넷 프로토콜은 행성 간 통신에 적합하지 않다. Store-and-forward 메시지 전송 방식을 따르는 지연/분열 허용 네트워크는 행성 간 통신에서 종단간 연결성이 보장되지 않아 발생하는 문제점을 해결할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 지구 기지국-지구 위성-달궤도선-달탐사체로 구성된 3-hop 릴레이 우주통신 환경에 지연/분열 허용 네트워크 개념을 적용한 통신 모델을 제시하며, ONE 시뮬레이터를 이용한 실제 우주통신환경 모델링 및 성능 분석을 통해, 안정적인 메시지 전송을 보장하는 최적의 메시지 수명, 버퍼 공간 및 메시지 분할 방법을 제시한다.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.143-147
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• 2012

상부 견갑 현수 복합체(Superior shoulder suspensory complex)의 3중 붕괴는 몇몇 저자들에 의해서만 보고된 극히 드문 손상이다. 저자들은 오구돌기, 견갑극 골절 및 견봉-쇄골 관절의 탈구가 동반된 상부 견갑 현수 복합체의 3중 붕괴 환자를 경험하였기에 보고하고자 한다. 본 환자의 경우 견봉-상완 및 오구-상완 간격을 유지하기 위하여 관혈적 정복 및 내고정을 시행하여 상부 견갑 현수 복합체의 3중 붕괴 모두를 해부학적으로 복원하여 치료하였다. 술 후 6개월에 증상 없이 관절운동범위를 모두 회복하였다. 최종 추시인 5년에는 상부 견갑 현수 복합체의 기능이 완전히 회복된 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 환자는 수술 결과에 대하여 크게 만족하였다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.2869-2873
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• 2014

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) integration within the E2 gene has been proposed as a critical event in cervical carcinogenesis. This study concerned whether HPV16 status and E2 gene intactness are predictive of radiation response in patients with cervical cancer. Materials and Methods: Biopsies of 44 patients with cervical cancer were collected before or after radiotherapy. The presence of HPV16 was assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using specific primers for the L1 region. E2 disruption was detected by amplifying the entire E2 gene. Results: HPV16 DNA was found in 54.5% of the clinical samples. Overall, 62.5% of the HPV16 positive tumors had integrated viral genome and 37.5% had episomal genome. There was a tendency of increase of HPV16 E2 negative tumors compared with HPV16 L1 ones in advanced stages (75% versus 20% in stage III respectively). Detection of E2 gene appeared influenced by the radiotherapy treatment, as the percentage of samples containing an intact HPV16 E2 was more frequent in pretreated patients compared to radiotherapy treated patients (66.6% versus 20%). The radiation therapy caused an eight-fold [OR= 8; CI=1.22-52.25; p=0.03] increase in the risk of HPV16 genome disruption. The integration status is influenced by the irradiation modalities, interestingly E2 disruption being found widely after radiotherapy treatment (75%) with a total fractioned dose of 50Gy. Conclusions: This study reveals that the status of the viral DNA may be used as a marker to optimize the radiation treatment.