• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2016

Purpose: This study was conducted to synthesis the results of research on relationships of cognitive impairment with multi-dimensional correlates of rheumatic disease through a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. Methods: For the study purpose, 23 studies were selected through a systematic process of searching the literature. Results: The study results showed that among general characteristics, age and education were the variables having a significant relationship with cognitive impairment. Among health risk factors, obesity appeared to have a significant positive relationship with cognitive impairment. For past history, diabetes and hypertension were shown to have a significant positive relationship with cognitive impairment. It was noted also that aPL, one of the physiological factor, had significant association with cognitive impairment. None of the medication related factors had a significant relationship with cognitive impairment. Results showed that among disease related factors, disease activity had the highest relationship with cognitive impairment. Depression, among psychological factors, was the only variable having a significant relationship with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the variables strongly impacting on cognitive impairment in rheumatic disease are depression and disease activity.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.2060-2077
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• 2019

Recently, mobile healthcare services have attracted significant attention because of the emerging development and supply of diverse wearable devices. Smartwatches and health bands are the most common type of mobile-based wearable devices and their market size is increasing considerably. However, simple value comparisons based on accumulated data have revealed certain problems, such as the standardized nature of health management and the lack of personalized health management service models. The convergence of information technology (IT) and biotechnology (BT) has shifted the medical paradigm from continuous health management and disease prevention to the development of a system that can be used to provide ground-based medical services regardless of the user's location. Moreover, the IT-BT convergence has necessitated the development of lifestyle improvement models and services that utilize big data analysis and machine learning to provide mobile healthcare-based personal health management and disease prevention information. Users' health data, which are specific as they change over time, are collected by different means according to the users' lifestyle and surrounding circumstances. In this paper, we propose a prediction model of user physical activity that uses data characteristics-based long short-term memory (DC-LSTM) recurrent neural networks (RNNs). To provide personalized services, the characteristics and surrounding circumstances of data collectable from mobile host devices were considered in the selection of variables for the model. The data characteristics considered were ease of collection, which represents whether or not variables are collectable, and frequency of occurrence, which represents whether or not changes made to input values constitute significant variables in terms of activity. The variables selected for providing personalized services were activity, weather, temperature, mean daily temperature, humidity, UV, fine dust, asthma and lung disease probability index, skin disease probability index, cadence, travel distance, mean heart rate, and sleep hours. The selected variables were classified according to the data characteristics. To predict activity, an LSTM RNN was built that uses the classified variables as input data and learns the dynamic characteristics of time series data. LSTM RNNs resolve the vanishing gradient problem that occurs in existing RNNs. They are classified into three different types according to data characteristics and constructed through connections among the LSTMs. The constructed neural network learns training data and predicts user activity. To evaluate the proposed model, the root mean square error (RMSE) was used in the performance evaluation of the user physical activity prediction method for which an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model, a convolutional neural network (CNN), and an RNN were used. The results show that the proposed DC-LSTM RNN method yields an excellent mean RMSE value of 0.616. The proposed method is used for predicting significant activity considering the surrounding circumstances and user status utilizing the existing standardized activity prediction services. It can also be used to predict user physical activity and provide personalized healthcare based on the data collectable from mobile host devices.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.371-378
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• 2013

This study was attempted in order to offer basic data for enhancing oral health by surveying the activity limitation realities caused by oral disease in university students and then by analyzing its relevant factors. As a result of research, university students' activity limitation experience rate accounted for 24.1%. The average number of activity limitation days stood at 0.44 day. Matters related to university students' activity limitation included housing type as for socio-demographic characteristics, and busyness in daily life, difficulty for supplying school expenses, temporal burden given using dental treatment, and difficulty for transportation given using dental treatment as for individual characteristics. In case of feeling difficulty for raising school expenses, the possibility was indicated to be high in activity limitation experience, illness experience, experience of having trouble in performing schoolwork, and schoolwork loss experience. Also, in case of feeling difficulty for transportation given using dental treatment, the possibility was indicated to be high in experiencing a trouble in performing schoolwork and a loss of schoolwork. Accordingly, a national interest and support are earnestly demanded in order to establish the more systematized oral health level and to increase oral health promotion.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.69-73
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the antibacterial activity Xanthium strumarium L. extract against bacteria causing eye disease and to examine the possibility as a natural preservative on behalf of synthetic preservatives which are added to the contact lens solution. Methods: Antibacterial activity of Xanthium strumarium L. extract against the bacteria causing eye disease was assessed using agar diffusion method, and determined by whether clear zone was formed around paper disc and in terms of the size(mm) of clear zone.Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were used in the study. Results: Xanthium strumarium L. extract provided activity against Staphylococcus aureus KCCM 40050 in a concentration of $1000{\mu}g/20{\mu}l$with an clear zone of 11.5 mm. Moreover, Xanthium strumarium L. extract showed an activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa KCCM 11803 in a concentration of $1000{\mu}g/20{\mu}l$with an clear zone of 9.0 mm, and against Pseudomonas fluorescens KCCM 40223 with an clear zone of 7.0 mm. Conclusions: Antibacterial activity of Xanthium strumarium L. extract against the bacteria causing eye disease was proved. This result suggests that Xanthium strumarium L. extract can be a potential natural preservative, which is added to contact lens solution.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.248.3-249
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• 2003

A series of tetrahydroaminoacridine and their analogues were synthesized. Tetrahydroaminoacridine(tacrine) is an anticholinesterase agent used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Introduction of piperidine group at the para position enhanced anti-inflamatory activity for Alzheimer's disease. We investigated their ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase-1 and 2 isoforms. (omitted)

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2022

The development of selective targeting of drug molecules towards the mitochondria is an important issue related to therapy efficacy. In this study, we report that gallic acid (GA)-mitochondria targeting sequence (MTS)-H₃R₉ exhibits a dual role as a mitochondria-targeting vehicle with antioxidant activity for disease therapy. In viability assays, GA-MTS-H₃R₉ showed a better rescue action compared to that of MTS-H₃R₉. GA-MTS-H₃R₉ dramatically exhibited cell penetration and intercellular uptake compared to MTS and fit escape from lysosome release to the cytosol. We demonstrated the useful targeting of GA-MTS-H₃R₉ towards mitochondria in AC16 cells. Also, we observed that the antioxidant properties of mitochondrial-accrued GA-MTS-H₃R₉ alleviated cell damage by reactive oxygen species production and disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential. GA-MTS-H₃R₉ showed a very increased cytoprotective effect against anticancer activity compared to that of MTS-H₃R₉. We showed that GA-MTS-H₃R₉ can act as a vehicle for mitochondria-targeting and as a reagent for therapeutic applications intended for cardiovascular disease treatment.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.502-507
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• 2006

In a previous study, an extract of Clavicorona pyxidata DGUM 29005 mycelia demonstrated an inhibitory effect against enzyme-associated perceptual disorders. We have attempted to determine whether this mycelial extract is also capable of inhibiting the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and ${\beta}$-secretase (BACE) activity. Butanol, ethanol, and water extracts of C. pyxidata DGUM 29005 mycelia were shown to inhibit AChE activity by 99.3%, 93.7%, and 91.7%, respectively. The inhibitory value of the butanol extract was more profound than that of tacrine (95.4%). The ethanol extract also exerted an inhibitory effect against BACE activity; this fraction may harbor the potential for development into a pharmocotherapeutic modality for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells in culture were not determined to be susceptible to the cytotoxic activity evidenced by the mycelial extract. The ethanol extract inhibited endogenous AChE activity in PC12 cellular homogenates, with an $IC_{50}\;of\;67.5{\mu}g/ml$, after incubation with intact cells, and also inhibited BACE activity in a dose-dependent fashion. These results suggest that the C. pyxidata mycelial extract has the potential to enhance cholinergic function and, therefore, may perform a function in the amelioration of the cholinergic deficit observed in cases of AD, as well as other types of age-associated memory impairment.

• International Journal of Clinical Preventive Dentistry
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.216-221
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• 2018

Objective: In this study, we tried to investigate the antimicrobial activity of natural herbaceous plant-derived essential oils against oral disease-causing bacterial strains and establish the scientific evidences to apply them to the dentifrice, mouthwash, and other uses. Methods: We used the disk diffusion method with 23 types of 100% natural essential oils to verify the antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus mutans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Lactobacillus rhamnosus. After adhering to the surface of the plate culture medium, $20{\mu}l$ of the essential oil was prepared, and the diameter of the transparent ring was measured after incubation for 24 hours. All the experiments were repeated three times. Results: Among 23 types of oils, 13 were effective against all three strains: myrrh, ginger, basil, carrot seed, tea tree, patchouli, ylang ylang, cypress, lemongrass, cinnamon, peppermint, lavender, and eucalryptus. Seventeen oils were effective against S. mutans, and myrrh, basil, and carrot seed showed high antimicrobial activity. Eighteen oils were effective against P. gingivalis, and tea tree, carrot seed, and cinnamons showed high antimicrobial activity. Sixteen oils were effective against L. rhamnosus, and carrot seed and peppermint cinnamon showed high antimicrobial activity. Conclusion: Consequently, 13 essential oils showed the antimicrobial activity against three bacterial strains, which indicates these essential oils might be used as the effective materials to suppress the growth of oral-disease inducing microorganisms. Moreover, essential oils that have been analyzed activities in this study will be mixed up within the constant range and analyzed their antimicrobial effects to examine the synergistic activity among them.

• BMB Reports
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.142-145
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• 1996

To investigate the cause of increased plasma catecholamine levels in liver disease, catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), which provides a major route of catabolism for circulating catecholamines, was studied under the cholestasis induced by mechanical biliary obstruction in rats. Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and the $K_m$ and $V_{max}$ values for both enzymes were also measured. Cytosolic, microsomal, and mitochondrial COMT activities in the cholestatic liver were significantly decreased throughout the experiment. Microsomal, and mitochondrial MAO activity in the cholestatic liver were also significantly decreased. Vmax values of COMT and MAO were lower. Serum COMT and MAO activities were detected after CBD ligation. These results indicate that plasma catecholamine levels are increased in liver disease due to decreased hepatic degradation of catecholamines by decreased activities of COMT and MAO. The decreased activity of these enzymes is caused by decreased biosynthesis and by flowage into the blood from the damaged hepatocyte.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.79-83
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• 2005

While screening for nematicidal activity of bacterial origins, various pseudomonads strains were inhabited in tomato rhizosphere. One isolate designated as $PE_{10}$ was selected for studies on nematicidal properties and plant growth-promoting (PGP) activity and was identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa based on morphological features, biochemical and physiological tests, and carbohydrate utilization. To investigate nematicidal activity, Meloidogyne incognita juvenile mortality was determined using $PE_{10}$ culture filtrate. Inhibition of strain $PE_{10}$ against Fusarium oxysporum was observed using dual culture technique. Strain $PE_{10}$ showed good siderophore activity, HCN and IAA production abilities, and growth and development enhancement of tomato.