• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.26-34
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• 2020

Purpose: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) allows for more precise treatment, reducing unwanted radiation to nearby structures. We investigated the safety and feasibility of IMRT for anaplastic ependymoma patients below 3 years of age. Materials and Methods: A total of 9 anaplastic ependymoma patients below 3 years of age, who received IMRT between October 2011 and December 2017 were retrospectively reviewed. The median equivalent dose in 2 Gy fractions was 52.0 Gy (range, 48.0 to 60.0 Gy). Treatment outcomes and neurologic morbidities were reviewed in detail. Results: The median patient age was 20.9 months (range, 12.1 to 31.2 months). All patients underwent surgery. The rates of 5-year overall survival, freedom from local recurrence, and progression-free survival were 40.6%, 53.3%, and 26.7%, respectively. Of the 9 patients, 5 experienced recurrences (3 had local recurrence, 1 had both local recurrence and cerebrospinal fluid [CSF] seeding, and 1 had CSF seeding alone). Five patients died because of disease progression. Assessment of neurologic morbidity revealed motor dysfunction in 3 patients, all of whom presented with hydrocephalus at initial diagnosis because of the location of the tumor and already had neurologic deficits before radiotherapy (RT). Conclusion: Neurologic morbidity is not caused by RT alone but may result from mass effects of the tumor and surgical sequelae. Administration of IMRT to anaplastic ependymoma patients below 3 years of age yielded encouraging local control and tolerable morbidities. High-precision modern RT such as IMRT can be considered for very young patients with anaplastic ependymoma.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.185-197
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• 2002

This study was conducted to analyze the factors affected morbidity for beauty artists of the limited range of motion about cerviacl, shoulder and wrist, from July 15 through August 30, 2000. Questionnaires were distributed to 373 beauty artists working in beauty shops of Taegu city. The factors included general characteristics, working conditions, life style and regular diagnosis of subject. The data collected were analyzed by SPSS program and the results of this study are summarized as follows; By the marital status, 224(86.5%) out of 259 unmarried beauty artists had the complaint of a neck(P〉0.05), and by the status of education, the complaint rate of a shoulder of beauty artists who graduated university(92.9%) is the highest(P〈0.01). In survey of complaint rates of symptom by the sleeping place, 324(86.7) out of 373 subjects had the pain in shoulder(P〈0.01), specially, beauty artists who are sleeping in bed complained the pain in shoulder more the others, in survey of complaint rates of symptom by sleeping pose, there was the significant different in neck(P〈0.01) and shoulder(P〈0.001). In survey of complaint rates of symptom by regular diagnosis, 61(85.9%) out of 71 beauty artists who took regular diagnosis and 263(87.4%) out of 302 beauty artists who didn't take regular diagnosis(P〈0.05). In conclusion, beauty artists who are on their feet for long time by official trait complaint the pain in neck and shoulder mainly. This result occurs from complex action of general characteristics and work condition and so on. In order to promote the health of beauty artists, there are needs for moderate exercise and regular diagnosis.

• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2022

Backgrounds/Aims: Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the most common procedure for the management of duodenal pathologies. However, it is associated with substantial morbidity and a low risk of mortality. Pancreas-preserving limited duodenal resection (PPLDR) can be performed under specific scenarios. We share our experience with PPLDR and its outcome. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a prospectively maintained database of patients undergoing limited duodenal resection in the form of wedge (sleeve) resection or segmental resection of one or more duodenal segments from March 2016 to March 2021 at a tertiary care center in North India. Results: During the study period, 10 patients (including 9 males) underwent PPLDR. Five of these 10 patients showed primary duodenal or proximal jejunal pathology, while the remaining five had duodenal pathology involving an adjacent organ tumor. Four patients underwent wedge (sleeve) resection, while the remaining six underwent segmental duodenal resection of one or more duodenal segments. Mean hospital stay was 6 days (range, 3-11 days) without 30-day mortality. Morbidity occurred in 4 patients (Grade I-II, n = 3; Grade III, n = 1). All patients were alive and disease-free at the time of last follow-up. The mean follow-up duration was 23 months (range, 2-48 months). Conclusions: PPLDR is a safe and effective alternative for pancreaticoduodenectomy when selected carefully for specific tumor types and location.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.76 no.5
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• pp.211-217
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• 2014

Malignant pleural effusions (MPEs) are the second leading cause of exudative pleural effusions after parapneumonic effusions. In the vast majority of cases, a MPE signifies incurable disease associated with high morbidity and mortality. Considerable advances have been made for the diagnosis of MPEs, through the development of improved methods in the specialized cytological and imaging studies. The cytological or histological confirmation of malignant cells is currently important in establishing a diagnosis. Furthermore, despite major advancements in cancer treatment for the past two decades, management of MPE remains palliative. This article presents a comprehensive review of the medical approaches for diagnosis and management of MPE.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.522-530
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• 1984

During a 12-month period, 31 patients underwent diagnostic and therapeutic thoracoscopy for previously undiagnosed thoracic diseases. In all patient, the diagnosis had been unobtainable by the usual diagnostic modalities of thoracentesis, closed pleural biopsy, bronchoscopy, or mediastinoscopy. The patients ranged from 4 years to 84 years old. One procedure was performed for mediastinal mass, 8 for parenchymal lesions, 21 for pleural diseases, and 1 for diaphragmatic disease. A correct diagnosis was obtained by thoracoscopy in 31 procedures for a 90% overall accuracy rate. There was no clinically significant morbidity in this series and no procedure-related mortality. Thoracoscopy, performed under intercostal nerve block and regional anesthesia, has proved to be a very attractive method of the diagnosis of thoracic disease.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.39-46
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• 2003

Surgery remains the standard treatment for resectable thoracic esophageal cancer but that is justified only when acceptably low morbidity and mortality rates can be achieved even for advanced disease. The appropriate extent of resection to achieve the best outcome is the most controversial aspect of treating esopahgeal cancer and the optimal excent of lymphadenectomy also remains controversial. Until data from prospective randomized trials showing a clear benefit using a particular approach are available, surgeons should perform their better judgement in individualizing and selecting the most appropriate surgical approach to provide the best chance of cure or lasting palliation for this disease that challanges both patient and surgeon. Further studies are necessary to examine the utility and efficacy of each approach in treating thoracic esophageal cancer either alone or in combination with other modalities.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.60 no.11
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• pp.344-352
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• 2017

Arrhythmias in the neonatal period are not uncommon, and may occur in neonates with a normal heart or in those with structural heart disease. Neonatal arrhythmias are classified as either benign or nonbenign. Benign arrhythmias include sinus arrhythmia, premature atrial contraction, premature ventricular contraction, and junctional rhythm; these arrhythmias have no clinical significance and do not need therapy. Supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia, atrioventricular conduction abnormalities, and genetic arrhythmia such as congenital long-QT syndrome are classified as nonbenign arrhythmias. Although most neonatal arrhythmias are asymptomatic and rarely life-threatening, the prognosis depends on the early recognition and proper management of the condition in some serious cases. Precise diagnosis with risk stratification of patients with nonbenign neonatal arrhythmia is needed to reduce morbidity and mortality. In this article, I review the current understanding of the common clinical presentation, etiology, natural history, and management of neonatal arrhythmias in the absence of an underlying congenital heart disease.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 1999

Preeclampsia is a common, pregnancy-induced hypertensive disease leading to severe morbidity in the mother and fetus. Although the etiology of preeclampsia remains unclear, many studies focus mutation of placental mitochondria as the cause of this disease. This review covers mutation of placental mitochondria as the possible etiology of preeclampsia, prevention and treatment strategies based on the hypothesis of mutation of placental mitochondria in the etiology of preeclampsia.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.178-183
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• 2010

Obstructive Sleep Apnea(OSA) is a form of sleep disordered breathing(SDB) characterized by the occurrence of episodes of complete or partial upper airway obstruction during sleep that is often quantified as the apnea-hyponea index(AHI). It is increasingly being recognized that OSA is a public health hazard and there is increasing evidence that it is associated with an increase in morbidity. Early recognition and diagnosis of this condition may lead to earlier treatments (eg, CPAP, Oral appliances) with reduction of the risk of metabolic disease, cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, arrhythmias and pulmonary hypertension.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.172-177
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• 2020

Superficial esophageal neoplasms (SENs) are being diagnosed increasingly frequently due to the screening endoscopy and advances in endoscopic techniques. Endoscopic resection (ER) is a relatively noninvasive treatment method with low morbidity and mortality that provides excellent oncologic outcomes. Endoscopic submucosal dissection is associated with higher rates of en bloc, complete and curative resections and lower rates of local recurrence than endoscopic mucosal resection. The most serious complication of ER is stricture, the treatment and prevention of which are crucial to maintain the patient's quality of life. ER for SEN is feasible, effective, and safe and can be considered a first-line treatment for SENs in which it is technically feasible.