• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.402-410
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• 2017

Acoustic based localization is essential to operate autonomous robotic systems in underwater environment where the use of sensorial data is limited. This paper proposes a localization method using artificial underwater acoustic sources. The proposed method acquires directional angles of acoustic sources using time difference of arrivals of two hydrophones. For this purpose, a probabilistic approach is used for accurate estimation of the time delay. Then, Gaussian sum filter based SLAM technique is used to localize both acoustic sources and underwater vehicle. It is performed by using bearing of acoustic sources as measurement and inertial sensors as prediction model. The proposed method can handle directional ambiguity of time difference based source localization by generating Gaussian models corresponding to possible locations of both front and back sides. Through these processes, the proposed method can provide reliable localization method for underwater vehicles without any prior information of source locations. The performance of the proposed method is verified by experimental results conducted in a real sea environment.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 컴퓨터소사이어티 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.115-118
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• 2003

This paper describes a system of detecting multi-views faces and estimating their face poses in an omni-directional camera environment for non-intrusive iris recognition. The paper is divided into two parts; First, moving region is identified by using difference-image information. Then this region is analyzed with face-color information to find the face candidate region. Second part is applying PCA (Principal Component Analysis) to detect multi-view faces, to estimate face pose.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.101-104
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• 1996

A new detecting system for moving objects of coastal region has been designed by directional antenna and driving circuits. The designed system has been investigated by CAD for linear and planar antenna arrays of various radiating elements for antenna simulations and by P-spice of device simulations. For detecting the displacement of moving objects, we constructed four wideband dipole antenna, diode switching circuit, mixer, filter and amplifier. The results of antenna receiver were shown a possibility of distance measuring system through phase difference of radiation patterns in antenna simulation

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.508-513
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• 1994

For Pb-20wt%Cu alloys, severe macrosegregation due to density difference of the resulting phases in normal directional solidification has been minimized and a uniformly aligned dendritic structure has been produced by axially rotating the sample of 5mm diameter in conjunction with horizontal directional solidification. Under the constant growth velocity of $20{\mu}m/sec$, increasing the rotation rate from 0.18 to 12rpm results in a transition from an aligned columnar to an equiaxed Cu-dendritic structure. With a constant rotation rate of 0.18rpm, increasing the growth velocity from 10 to $50{\mu}m/sec$ also has promoted a transition from columnar to equiaxed structure.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.1052-1059
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• 2003

본 논문에서는 이중충 마이크로스트립 유전체 기판을 이용하여 결합도와 격리도를 개선한 방향성 결합기를 제안하고, 설계방법을 제시하였다. 제안된 구조는 re-entrant mode 방향성 결합기의 구조를 수정하여, 결합도를 향상시키기 위해 최하층의 접지면에 어퍼쳐를 적용시킨 형태이다. 또한, 부동도체에 슬릿을 적용함으로써 격리도, S$_{11}$에 대한 정재파비, 그리고 위상차 등에 서도 우수한 특성을 얻을 수 있었다. 그 결과, 제안된 re-entrant mode 방향성 결합기는 기존의 구조보다 약 1.5 dB 정도 높은 결합도를 가질 뿐 아니라 각각 20 dB 이상의 개선된 격리도와 S$_{11}$에 대한 정재파비를 가짐을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 위상 특성에서도 우수한 특성을 가지므로, 이로부터 제안된 결합기는 강한 결합이 필요한 다단 결합기에 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2017

We propose a nearly lossless, compact, electrically modulated vertical directional coupler, which is based on the controllable evanescent coupling in a previously proposed graphene-assisted total internal reflection (GA-FTIR) scheme. In the proposed device, two single-mode waveguides are separate by graphene-$SiO_2$-graphene layers. By changing the chemical potential of the graphene layers with a gate voltage, the coupling strength between the waveguides, and hence the coupling length of the directional coupler, is controlled. Therefore, for a properly chosen, fixed device length, when an input wave is launched into one of the waveguides, the ratio of their output powers can be controlled electrically. The operation of the proposed device is analyzed, with the dispersion relations calculated using a model of a one-dimensional slab waveguide. The supermodes in the coupled waveguide are calculated using the finite-element method to estimate the coupling length, realistic devices are designed, and their performance was confirmed using the finite-difference time-domain method. The designed $3{\mu}m$ by $1{\mu}m$ device achieves an insertion loss of less than 0.11 dB, and a 24-dB extinction ratio between bar and cross states. The proposed low-loss device could enable integrated modulation of a strong optical signal, without thermal buildup.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.219-226
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• 2022

The seismic responses of traffic light poles are investigated using a finite element analysis. Among the traffic light poles, single- and bi-directional traffic light poles are considered since such poles are frequently installed on vehicle roads. For a more detailed investigation, three different lengths of the mast arm are considered for each directional pole. For a time-history analysis, six actual and two artificial earthquakes are considered and applied to each direction of the poles (x and y) to investigate which direction input provides more significant responses due to the unsymmetrical structural shape. Herein, the x and y directions are respectively parallel and perpendicular based on the single mast pole case. From the analysis results, the average maximum displacement response is developed with the x-direction input case for both types of light poles. Also, the bi-directional traffic light poles show a 13% larger response than the single-directional traffic light poles. Even though the y-direction input case produces a smaller response, the response difference between the single- and bi-directional light poles considerably increases by about 60%. The average maximum acceleration responses are almost similar for both types of light poles.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:소프트웨어및응용
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.911-921
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• 2004

지문영상으로부터 특징점을 정확하게 추출하는 것은 효과적인 지문인식 시스템의 구축에 매우 중요하다. 하지만 지문영상의 품질에 따라 특징점 추출의 정확도가 달라지기 때문에 지문인식 시스템에서의 영상 전처리 과정은 시스템의 성능에 크게 영향을 미친다. 본 논문에서는 지문영상으로부터 명암값의 평균 및 분산, 블록 방향성 차, 방향성 변화도, 융선과 골의 두께 비율 등의 5가지 특징을 추출하고 계층적 클러스터링 알고리즘으로 클러스터링하여 영상의 품질 특성을 분석한 후 습성(oily), 보통(neutral), 건성(dry)의 특성에 적합하게 영상을 개선하는 지식기반 전처리 방법을 제안한다. NIST DB 4와 인하대학교 데이타를 이용하여 실험한 결과, 클러스터링 기법이 영상의 특성을 제대로 구분함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 제안한 방법의 성능 평가를 위해 품질 지수와 블록 방향성 차이를 측정하여 일반적인 전처리 방법보다 지식기반 전처리 방법이 품질 지수와 블록 방향성 차이를 향상시킴을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 2019

Due to the degradation of beamforming properties at angles close to $0^{\circ}$ to $180^{\circ}$, linear array does not have a complete $180^{\circ}$ inspection range but a smaller one. This paper develops a improved sensor array with two additional sensors above and below the linear sensor array, and presents time difference and two dimensional multiple signal classification (2D-MUSIC) based impact localization for omni-directional localization on composite structures. Firstly, the arrival times of impact signal observed by two additional sensors are determined using the wavelet transform and compared, and the direction range of impact source can be decided in general, $0^{\circ}$ to $180^{\circ}$ or $180^{\circ}$ to $360^{\circ}$. And then, 2D-MUSIC based spatial spectrum formula using uniform linear array is applied for locate accurate position of impact source. When the arrival time of impact signal observed by two additional sensors is equal, the direction of impact source can be located at $0^{\circ}$ or $180^{\circ}$ by comparing the first and last sensor of linear array. And then the distance is estimated by time difference algorithm. To verify the proposed approach, it is applied to a quasi-isotropic epoxy laminate plate and a stiffened composite panel. The results are in good agreement with the actual impact occurring position.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.293-298
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• 2004

Double-Sided Deep-Ridge(DSDR) 수직 방향성 결합기의 날개구조부 폭과 두께가 편광에 따른 결합길이에 미치는 영향에 관하여 연구하였다. 날개구조부가 존재하지 않는 DSDR 수직 방향성 결합기는 편광에 무관한 결합길이를 가질 수 없음을 볼 수 있었다. 일정한 날개구조부 두께에 대하여 날개구조부 폭이 특정 길이 이상이 되면 TE 모드와 TM 모드의 결합길이의 변화는 거의 없으며 또한 두 모드의 결합길이의 차이도 거의 발생하지 않음을 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 편광에 무관한 결합길이를 가지는 DSDR 수직 방향성 결합기를 구현하기 위한 최소 날개구조부 폭이 존재함을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 최소 날개구조부 폭은-같은 코어 두께에 대해서는 날개구조부 두께가 증가할수록, 같은 날개구조부 두께에 대해서는 코어 두께가 감소할수록-증가함을 볼 수 있었다. 또한 최소 날개구조부 두께는 코어의 두께에 의하여 결정됨을 볼 수 있었고 코어의 두께가 증가할수록 최소 날개구조부 두께는 감소함을 볼 수 있었다.