• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2011년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.373-373
• /
• 2011

Korean Government has been promoting Four River Restoration Project (i.e., Han, Geum, Nakdong, and Yeongsan rivers) since the second half of 2008. This project is expected to protect against floods and droughts by water resources management. Many researchers have study water resources management, but most studies were focused on direct runoff. However, in order to efficiently protect against floods and droughts, baseflow should be studied as well as direct runoff. Because baseflow has a great effect on streamflow, it needs to be correctly analyzed. For more accurate analysis of baseflow, direct runoff and baseflow from streamflow should be separated first. In this study, 12 flow gauging stations of four major rivers were selected, and flow data from them were obtained (2004-2010) through WAMIS and Web-based SWAT Bflow system (http://www.envsys.co.kr/~swatbflow) which was used to separate direct runoff and baseflow. Baseflow values of Pass 2 in SWAT Bflow system were used. As a result of this study, baseflow contribution was ranged from 23.4% to 68.6% and accounted for about 50% of streamflow. Through this study, it shows that in the case of the flow fluctuation, baseflow is more affected than direct runoff by changes in streamflow in a flood or dry season. Thus, baseflow estimation should not be overlooked for efficient water resources management. However, it has a limitation in this study that because this study used to select randomly 12 flow gauging stations, it did not show a common tendency on each watershed. It is important that flow gauging stations reflected on topographic characteristics of each watershed should be selected in a rigorous manner for further reliable and accurate baseflow estimation on four major rivers.

• 한국토양환경학회지
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.35-51
• /
• 1997

강원도 평창군 연평면과 용평면 일원에 위치한 백옥포유역과 이목정유역에서 산림의 환경변화(임상차이 및 피해목 벌채)가유출과토양내 수저유능력에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위하여 1983∼1993년의 유출량, 유출률, 유황곡선등을 분석하였다. 또한 유출 구성성분중 총유출량, 직접유출량, 토양내 가비중, 전공극량, 조공극, 세공극, 투수성, 유출가능수량을 분석하였다. 유출을, 유출량, 유황곡선은 임상이 불량한 이목정유역이 임상이 양호한 백옥포유역보다 높게 나타났으며, 두시험유역 모두에서 전처리기간이 처리기간보다 낮게 나타났다. 또한 벌채에 의한 산림환경변화에 따라 융설촉진 현상이 처리기간에 크게 일어났으며, 융설지연 현상으로 인한 산림효과가 전처리기간에 나타났다 산림환경변화에 따른 토양의 물리적 성질중 가비중, 전공극량(조공극, 세공극), 투수성, 유출가능수량에서도 백옥포유역이 이목정유역보다 양호하였으며, 두 시험유역 모두에서 전처리기간이 처리기간보다 양호한 결과를 나타내어 산림환경 변화에 따른 수자원함양기능의 중요성을 제시하였다.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.13-27
• /
• 1989

In recent years satellite data have been increasingly used for the analysis of floodprone areas. This study was carried out to demonstrate the usefulness of repetitive satellite imagery in monitoring flood levels of the Pyungchang watershed. Runoff characteristics parameters were analyzed by Soil Conservation Service(SCS) Runoff Curve Number(RCN) based on Landsat imagery and Digital Terrain Model data. The RCN average within the watershed was calculated from RCN estimates for all the pixels(picture elements) and adjusted by antecedent precipitation conditions. The direct runoff hydrograph was derived from the unit hydrograph using SCS dimensionless unit hydrograph and effective rainfalls estimated by the SCS method. In comparsion of the direct runoff hydrograph with the measured rating curve their peak times differ by one hour and peak discharges differ by 5.9 percents of the discharge from each other. It was shown that repetitive satellite image could be very useful in timely estimating watershed runoffs and evaluating ever-changing surface conditions of a river basin.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제21권10호
• /
• pp.1203-1212
• /
• 2012

Yongsan ward is located at central place connecting south and north ecology axis of seoul. Various environment-friendly Yongsan development could pose positive effects on NPS(non pollutant source) pollutant reductions and water quality improvement at Han-rive because BOD, T-N, and T-P NPS discharges took 90% of total pollutant from this area. In this study, direct runoff and NPS pollutant loads were evaluated before and after development using spatio-tamporal change in CN(curve number) and EMC(event mean concentration) data. It was found that direct runoff value is $23,584,724m^3$, and BOD, T-N and T-P loads are 104,456 kg/year, 111,483 kg/year and 7,500 kg/year under pre-development condition, respectively. Annual runoff, BOD, T-N and T-P reducing rate were 12.9%, 33.3%, 35.6% and 40.7% under integrated post-development condition, respectively. Based on the results obtained in this study, environment-friendly urban development could be achieved at Yongsan area.

• 생태와환경
• /
• 제54권1호
• /
• pp.49-60
• /
• 2021

이 연구는 지속가능한 수자원 이용 및 관리대책을 수립하는 데에 필요한 수문학적 자료를 제공할 목적으로 2017~2020년 홍수기 (6~9월)에 발생한 총 59회의 강우사상에 대한 강우-유출 특성을 파악하였다. 그 결과, 강우량은 5.0~400.8 mm, 유출고는 0.1~176.5 mm, 유출률은 0.1~242.9%의 범위로 나타났다. 그리고 유출수문곡선에서 직접유출과 기저유출을 분리한 결과, 홍수기의 총 유출일 대비 기저유출(139.3일)이 직접유출(78.3일)보다 유출기간이 길었지만, 총 유출고에 대한 기여도는 직접유출 (54.2%)이 기저유출 (45.8%)보다 높게 나타났다. 또한, 유출에 영향을 미치는 강우조건을 분석한 결과, 직접유출과 기저유출의 유출고 및 첨두유출고에 높은 유의성(p<0.05)을 보이는 강우조건은 강우량과 강우지속시간으로 나타났다. 특히, 유출고와 첨두유출고의 강우량은 각각 5.0~200.4, 10.5~110.5 mm의 범위에서는 기저유출이 우세한 강우사상이 나타났지만, 유출고와 첨두유출고의 강우량이 각각 267.4~400.8, 169.0~400.8 mm의 범위에서는 직접유출이 우세한 강우사상이 나타났다. 앞으로 극한 기후현상에 따른 물 부족이 심화할 것으로 예상되는 가운데, 산지계류의 직접유출 및 기저유출에 대한 장기적이고도 지속적인 분석이 이루어진다면 지표수-지하수의 이용 및 관리 측면에서의 활용과 자료의 신뢰성을 높일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.193-205
• /
• 2014

The direct-runoff of South Korea's representative dams (Soyanggang, Chungju, Andong, Daecheong, and Seomjingang) and precipitation were analyzed mainly with the evenly distributed spring rainfall events across the country for the last five years. For precipitation, an increasing was presented during the period 2008-2011, but did not continue to increasing 2012. The average precipitation of the five dams displayed a similar trend. Except for Chungju and Andong Dams, the trend of runoff was similar to the one shown in the precipitation. Despite the precipitation of 2009 increased, the runoff volume decreased for Andong and Chungju Dams. In addition, Chungju Dam remarkably showed a bigger runoff volume compared to other dams. As for the Sumjingang Dam, the runoff volume was the smallest, and the difference is as great as over 15-fold when compared to other runoff values. After the result of analyzing the relation between a single runoff event and synoptic weather patterns, pattern 4 contributed to the greatest impact on this event and weather patterns. The total runoff volume of the five dams for spring rain event for the last five years that exhibited this characteristic was estimated at 5.68 billion tons($10^6m^3$). Lastly, the value of this estimation was assessed as approximately 273.1 billion KRW.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제27권1호
• /
• pp.61-72
• /
• 2011

유역 단위 수문 및 수질 평가 모형인 SWAT 모형을 이용한 유역 내 정확한 수문과 비점오염원 거동을 평가하기 위해서는 유역 적용에 앞서 모형의 정확성 평가가 우선시 되어야 한다. SWAT 모형의 수문 보정및 검정 시, Nash-Sutcliffe의 효율계수(EI)가 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 이러한 EI 값은 비교되어지는 값들의 범위 중 큰 값 즉, 수문 분석에 있어 고유량에 대해 민감하게 영향을 받는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그리하여 본 연구에서는 보다 정확한 수문 분석을 위해 K-means 군집화 알고리즘을 이용한 웹기반의 EI 평가시스템을 개발하였고, 이를 SWAT 모형의 수문 평가에 적용하였다. 본 연구의 결과 전체 유량의 EI 값은 높았지만, 수문성분에 따른 EI 값은 높지 않았다. SWAT 모형의 수문 보정 및 검정에 널리 활용되고 있는 SWAT auto-calibration tool은 전체 유량에 대해서는 높은 EI 값을 산정하는 것으로 보이지만, 직접유출과 기저유출 각각에 대한 유량 그룹 I 과 II 에 대해서는 대부분 음수(-)의 EI 값을 보였다. 그리하여 본 연구 결과를 통해 SWAT 모형의 수문성분 평가에 있어 보다 정확한 평가를 위해서는 직접유출과 기저유출에 대한 각각의 유량 그룹에 대해 양수(+)의 EI 값이 산정되도록 모형 보정 및 검정의 수행 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.505-514
• /
• 2015

The grid-based water balance of watershed scale was assessed in the mountainous area of Pyosun catchment in Jeju Island after analyzing precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff from January 2008 to December 2013. The existing results of direct runoff, evapotranspirtion, and groundwater recharge comparing to precipitation were presented 22.0%, 25.6%, and 52.4%, respectively, in Pyosun catchment. However, this study indicated each component shows 14.5%, 24.2%, and 61.0%, respectively, in the mountainous area of Pyosun catchment. Therefore, groundwater recharge rate in the mountainous area appears higher than 10% comparing to the overall catchment. It would be analyzed that the amount of direct runoff is relatively small. Moreover, this difference could be generated because of the spatial discontinuities in the process of estimating the total amount of precipitation in the mountainous area. Therefore, the grid-based spatial analysis to maximize the spatial continuity would be useful for providing a more reasonable result when the total amount of water resources are evaluated in mountainous areas in the future.

• 한국관개배수논문집
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.66-74
• /
• 2000

The purpose of this study is to obtain land cover classification map by using remotely sensed data : Landsat TM and KOMPSAT-1 EOC, and to estimate SCS-CN direct runoff by using point rainfall(Thiessen network) and spatial rainfall(surface interpolation) f

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2005년도 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.583-587
• /
• 2005

At present, various methods are available to analyze storm runoff data. Among these, application of Z-transform is comparatively simple and new, and the technique can be used to identify rainfall and unit hydrograph from analysis of a single storm runoff. The technique has been developed under the premise that the rainfall-runoff process behaves as a linear system for which the Z-transform of the direct runoff equals the product of the Z-transforms of the transfer function and the rainfall. In the hydrologic literatures, application aspects of this method to the rainfall-runoff process are lacking and some of the results are questionable. Thus, the present study provides the estimation of Z-transform technique by analyzing the application process and the results using hourly runoff data observed at the research basin of International Hydrological Program (IHP), the Pyeongchanggang River basin. This study also provides the backgrounds for the problems that can be included in the application processes of the Z-transform technique.