• 한국해양학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 1986

본 연구 해역에서의 동물성 부유 생물에 의한 NH$_{4}$ 분비율은 0.90에서 2.32$\mu\textrm{g}$ atoms NH $_{4}$ -N.m$^{-3}$.h$^{-1}$의 범위를 보이며, 이에 의해 해 양 기초생산에 필요한 총질소요구량의 3내지 15%을 공급함을 밝혀졌다. 동물성 부 유생물의 습중량 및 단백질량의 정량결과, 외부연안수로 갈수록 그 양이 증가되는 경향을 나타내었다. 동물성 부유생물의 가장 중심적인 생화학적 단위인 GDH의 활 성도를 측정한 결과, 전형적인 Michaelis-Menten 효소기작을 보였다. 단백질 단위 GDH활성도는 본 연구 해역에서 1.5에서 3.2$\mu\textrm{g}$ atoms NH $_{4}$ -N mg$^{-1}$protein h$^{-1}$의 범위를 보였다. 외해수에서 동물성 부유생물의 GDH활성도가 높게 나타난 것은 조사당시의 외해수에서의 높은 기초 생산량을 포식하는 동물성 부유생물의 활발한 질소대사가 이루어지고 있음을 암시 한다. 본 연구를 통하여 한국 동남해역의 동물성 부유생물의 GDH활성도와 NH $_{4}$ 분비율 사이에 매우 높은 상관계가 밝혀졌으며 그 평균 GDH 활성도/ NH $_{4}$ 분비율의 비율은 18.8$\pm$2.6(n=6) 이었다. 차후 GDH활성도 측정등을 통 한 생화학적 효소연구방법은 여러 해양 환경에서 생물활동에 의하여 영향를 받는 비보전적인 해수원소의 동적 변화 및 해양생태계내에서의 각 생물군의 여러 생화학 적 역할을 규명하는데 중요하게 이용될 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.651-659
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• 2014

With the popularization of big data environment, big data have been highlighted as a key information strategy to establish national spatial data infrastructure for a scientific land policy and the extension of the creative economy. Especially interesting from our point of view is the cadastral information is a core national information source that forms the basis of spatial information that leads to people's daily life including the production and consumption of information related to real estate. The purpose of our paper is to suggest the scheme of big data analytics with respect to the articles of cadastral resurvey project in order to approach cadastral information in terms of spatial data integration. As specific research method, the TM (Text Mining) package from R was used to read various formats of news reports as texts, and nouns were extracted by using the KoNLP package. That is, we searched the main keywords regarding cadastral resurvey, performing extraction of compound noun and data mining analysis. And visualization of the results was presented. In addition, new reports related to cadastral resurvey between 2012 and 2014 were searched in newspapers, and nouns were extracted from the searched data for the data mining analysis of cadastral information. Furthermore, the approval rating, reliability, and improvement of rules were presented through correlation analyses among the extracted compound nouns. As a result of the correlation analysis among the most frequently used ones of the extracted nouns, five groups of data consisting of 133 keywords were generated. The most frequently appeared words were "cadastral resurvey," "civil complaint," "dispute," "cadastral survey," "lawsuit," "settlement," "mediation," "discrepant land," and "parcel." In Conclusions, the cadastral resurvey performed in some local governments has been proceeding smoothly as positive results. On the other hands, disputes from owner of land have been provoking a stream of complaints from parcel surveying for the cadastral resurvey. Through such keyword analysis, various public opinion and the types of civil complaints related to the cadastral resurvey project can be identified to prevent them through pre-emptive responses for direct call centre on the cadastral surveying, Electronic civil service and customer counseling, and high quality services about cadastral information can be provided. This study, therefore, provides a stepping stones for developing an account of big data analytics which is able to comprehensively examine and visualize a variety of news report and opinions in cadastral resurvey project promotion. Henceforth, this will contribute to establish the foundation for a framework of the information utilization, enabling scientific decision making with speediness and correctness.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.31-43
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• 1982

Engineering phase of dairy housing systems has close connection with the milk produc- tivity of dairy cattle, the quality of milk, extension of dairy production systems, labor- saving in management of dairy cattle and the like. Moreover, the rate of investment of dairy housing facilities is of relatively high level, However, there has been almost no research effort for the improvement of engineering aspects of dairy housing systems in Korea. The purpose of this study is to find out general engineering problems and to recomm- end the improvement in dairy housing systems in Korea. Field survey by means of questionaire, direct measurements, taking pictures and sketching was conducted to get necessary information for the study. Kyung-ki Do region was firstly chosen for sampling area since it has included more than half of the number of dairy farms of the whole country. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. In overall dairy farm layout, the dwellings of workers were ignored in the light of sanitary environment 2. The layout of stalls in a dairy barn belongs mostly to the type of double-row face-out, which is compatible with the emphasis of manure disposal activities. 3. While the width and length of stalls were sufficiently close to the standard dimension, the width of mangers was much less than the standard dimension. 4. The width and depth of manure gutters and the width of working alleys were much. less than the standard dimension. 5. The mooring equipment was mostly in the classes of chain or rope. The watering equipment was not facilitated independantly except the one cese of using watercup. 6. The bucket milkers with one or two bucket milkers with the capacity of two cattles. each were used as milking equipment in most dairy farms. 7. There were only few milk rooms independently spaced from other space, in which the arrangement of milking equipment was much less than the standard condition. 8. The lounging ground area was averaged to be sufficient for the activity of dairy herd. 9. Silos for silage used during winter consisted of mostly bunker silos, trench silos and underground vertical silos. Ordinary vertical silos were considered for the farmers to be inconvenient for the labor saving. 10. From the view point of heat conservation and moisture removal within the dairy barns, windows were not flexible for the easy ventilation and ceiling part was not adequate for temperatur maintenance. 11. Waste treatment and disposal systems were not provided with most dairy farms, therefore the livestock waste pollution problems would be serious in the near future.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.133-141
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• 2009

본 연구는 지질자원 연구개발 분야에서 경제적 효과 분석 연구가 활발히 수행되지 않은 분야인 지하수자원 분야의 연구개발 사업을 대상으로 경제적 효과를 분석하고자 한다. 제주도 청정 대용량 지하수 개발사업 중 2004년에서 2007년 기간에는 5년간 44.70억원(2006년 가치, 5.5% 할인율 적용)의 연구개발비용을 지출하여 제주도 지하수 부존량 산정, 대용량 지하수 개발 가능 지역 선정 및 개발 타당성 제시 등의 연구가 실시되었다. 본 사업의 편익요소로 대용량(2만톤/일 이상) 지하수 부존지역 깨소 설정으로 3,600만톤/년의 제주도 지하수 개발지역을 확보한 것으로 보았다. 이에 지하수개발시업의 편익에 연구개발 기여도(9.97%)를 적용, 연구개발투자에 대한 경제성 분석을 실시하였다. 기존의 경제이론 및 결과자료(가상가치평가, 생산기석도)와 시장자료(수입단가, 시설용량)를 기초로 한 지하수개발사업의 편익을 도출하고, 사업의 실행화 시점 및 할인율의 변동에 따른 영향을 제시하였다. 분석 결과 상수도 및 병입수 상업화로 연간 총 1,223만톤의 지하수 이용은 2,934억원의 가치로 나타났으며, 연구개발 투자효과는 2006년 순현재가치(NPV)로 30년간 총 136.59억원, 비용대편익비율(B/C ratio)은 4.06이며 내부수익율(IRR)은 22.74%로 나타났다. 사업화 시행 시점을 기존 10년 후에서 5년 후로 앞당기는 경우 추가적인 55.80억원의 편익이 산정되며, 사업의 할인율이 1% 상승하는 경우 역시 166.73억원 편익이 발생하여, 순편익 121.82억원, 비용편익비 3.71로 연구개발사업 타당성을 확보한다.

• Agribusiness and Information Management
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.27-39
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• 2019

Agricultural risks are exacerbated by a variety of factors ranging from climatevariability and change, frequent natural disasters, uncertainties in yields and prices, weakrural infrastructure, imperfect markets and lack of financial services including limited spanand design of risk mitigation instruments such as credit and insurance. Indian agriculture has little more than half (53%) of its area still rainfed and this makes it highly sensitive to vagaries of climate causing unstable output. Besides adverse climatic factors, there are man-made disasters such as fire, sale of spurious seeds, adulteration of pesticides and fertilizers etc., and all these severely affect farmers through loss in production and farm income, and are beyond the control of farmers. Hence, crop insurance' is considered to be the promising tool to insulate the farmers from risks faced by them and to sustain them in the agri-business. This paper critically evaluates the performance of recent crop insurance scheme viz., Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bhima Yojana (PMFBY) and its comparative performance with earlier agricultural insurance schemes implemented in the country. It is heartening that, the comparative performance of PMFBY with earlier schemes revealed that, the Government has definitely taken a leap forward in covering more number of farmers and bringing more area under crop insurance with the execution of this new scheme and on this front, it deserves the appreciation in fulfilling the objective for bringing more number of farmers under insurance cover. The use of mobile based technology, reduced number of Crop Cutting Experiments (CCEs) and smart CCEs, digitization of land record and linking them to farmers' account for faster assessment/settlement of claims are some of the steps that contributed for effective implementation of this new crop insurance scheme. However, inadequate claim payments, errors in loss/yield assessment, delayed claim payment, no direct linkage between insurance companies and farmers are the major shortcomings of this scheme. This calls for revamping the crop insurance program in India from time to time in tune with the dynamic changes in climatic factors on one hand and to provide a safety-net for farmers to mitigate losses arising from climatic shocks on the other. The future research avenues include: insuring the revenue of the farmer (Price × Yield) as in USA and more and more tenant farmers should be brought under insurance by doling out discounts for group coverage of farmers like in Philippines where 20 per cent discount in premium is given for a group of 5-10 farmers, 30 per cent for a group of 10-20 and 40 per cent for a group of >20 farmers.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.158-175
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to understand and improve the clothing habits and the apparel industry of North Korea in preparation for the reunification of South and North Korea. For this study, literary data, reports, periodicals, interviews and internet data of the two Koreas were reviewed. North Korean clothing habits used to be monotonous and uniform but nowadays people's clothes have become somewhat brighter in color and more diverse in design than before. In particular, liberal and individual dressing habits appeared among the privileged classes. When taking part in national events, women have to wear the traditional Korean costume, Hanbok, while men wear business suits for formal wear. In general, men don't wear Hanbok. Students have to be in uniforms but blue jeans, T-shirts with English logos were popular among them reflecting their sensitivity and openness towards western cultures. The brides usually wear pink Hanboks and the bridegrooms wear black business suits for their wedding. North Koreans also wear Hanbok on national holidays like South Koreans. Clothing is the most important item in the trade of process commission between North and South Korea. Trading items are mid to low end men's clothing for the most part due to less emphasis on fashion in the North. The processing is indirect trade and composed of sample making and contracting, sending out materials and production, carrying in goods and setting accounts. To activate South-North trade, establishment of infrastructure, stabilization of shipping, reducing high costs of distribution, building direct communication system by setting up office in a neutral zone and simplifying procedures in applying for the South and North Korea Economic Cooperation Fund. On the other hand, clothing and textiles education is carried on at art colleges, light industries colleges and commercial colleges in Pyongyang. Clothing institutes which study Hanbok and Western clothes, are installed in each city and province. Graduates who majored in clothing and textiles are posted in institutes or apparel factories. Their job is designing, patternmaking and sewing for their customers. Most of them are women and in good state of economic conditions. The North Korean clothing industry has been the core national industry that has developed based on overseas demand form the mid 1980s. The standard is that of South Korea in the early 1980s. In 1999, trade of North Korean textile products with trade counterparts such as Japan and China was $1.3 million in exports and $1.27 in imports. Of this amount the export takes up 25.4% of the total exports in North Korea. However, fundamentally even in sectors that are irrelevant to politics such as the fashion clothing industry, trust between the South and North should be a prerequisite. Only through this can exchange between North and South and economic cooperation contribute towards the reunification.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.562-568
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• 1995

본 시험은 벼 만기기 및 보리후작 건답직파의 수량성과 토양 화학성 변화에 대한 기초 자료를 얻고자 영남농업시험장 답작포장에서 1990년부터 1994년까지 5년간 시험을 수행하였다. 공시품종은 일본형인 동해벼를 사용하였고, 작촌방식은 벼 단작 면기직파와 보리후작 벼 직파로 하였고, 보리 후작 벼 직파는 보릿짚 제거후 직파와 보릿짚 시용후 직파로 하여 실시하였던 시험 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 보리후작 건답직파도 $m^2$당 적정 입모수 확보는 문제가 없었으나 연차간 입모 변이는 컸었고, 벼 단작 직파에 비하여 초기 묘생육은 약간 떨어졌으나 점차 생육이 회복되어 최종 벼 생육은 벼 단작 직파보다 좋았다. 2. 보리후작 벼 직파시 휴립건답직파 방식은 벼 단작 직파와 출수기 차이가 없었으나 평면 건답 직파에서는 출수기가 4일이 늦었다. 3. 수량구성요소중 천립중 및 등숙비율은 작촌양식간 비슷하였으나, $m^2$당 수수 및 영화수는 보리 작후 벼 직파에서 많았다. 4. 쌀 수량은 보릿짚제거후 벼 직파는 벼 단작 직파와 비슷하였으나 보릿짚 시용후 벼 직파에서는 2년차부터 쌀 수량이 증수되어 5년 평균 쌀 수량은 벼 단작 대비 8% 증수되었다. 5. 5년간 장기 건답직파시 토양 유기물 함량은 벼 단작구는 떨어졌으나 보리후작 직파구는 증대되었고, 작촌방식별 다같이 칼리함량은 비슷했으나, 인산과 칼슘함량은 증대되었고 마그네슘함량은 약간 떨어지는 경향이었다. 6. 작촌방식별 현미 품위, 아밀로스 및 단백질함량은 별 차이가 없었고, 칼리, 마그네슘함량 및 Mg/K는 보릿짚 시용후 벼 직파에서 낮았다.

• 공업화학
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.495-501
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• 2016

현재 사용되고 있는 전력 변압기의 절연유는 오랫동안 광유계에서 사용하였으나 최근 절연유 유출에 따른 환경오염인식 증가와 기존보다 고온 운전 조건에서도 절연성능 유지 필요성이 증가하면서 식물계 원료를 이용한 식물성 절연유의 사용이 검토되고 있다. 그러나 제품 특성상 생산 후 사용까지 일정기간 소요될 수 있음에도 불구하고 저장 환경에 의한 제품 변화의 연구는 아직 부족한 상황이다. 본 연구에서는 다양한 환경에서 광유계 절연유와 식물성 절연유를 노출 시킨 후 12주간 주요 물성 분석을 통해 원료별, 환경 조건별 절연유의 산화특성을 비교 검토하였다. 이 과정에서 전산가, 수분함량 그리고 절연파괴전압과 같은 항목에서 원료별 저장환경별 물성변화가 측정되었다. 식물성 절연유의 경우 분자 구조적 특징으로 광유계 절연유와 비교하여 수분함량이 증가하는 경향이 나타났으나 자체의 높은 수분 포화력으로 절연성능에는 지장이 없는 것으로 나타났다. 저장환경에서는 원료에 관계없이 외부 환경에서 일광조사에 의한 절연유의 광분해가가 나타났고 이에 따른 다양한 물성 변화도 측정되었다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.126-142
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• 1997

For last four or five years, the number of Korean students have gone on increasing awfully. After the year 1997 when they will flow in, our field and government will be undergone a big shock and social problems. Therefore, thorough grasping and the method of provision is expeced to need. 1. The situation, According to the data published from the year 1993 to 1997, their results are great different. But recent Korean embassy in China examined the situation of the Korean students, whose result was investigated as follows: about 1500 persons, their average age is 24 to 44, the ratio of male and female students is 3 to 1, that of their academic background which is a graduate of university : that of college : that of highschool is 1.6 : 1 : 4.7, and that of their class attitude which is direct : common : indirect appears the percents 30.4 : 52.8 : 16.8. 2. The controversial points (1) A lowering of standards on Chinese medical treatment is expected by the imprudent studying abroad without qualification. And because of excessive production of herb doctors, the amount of treatment may be above people's demand. Besides owing to the impossibility of prediction on the number the counterplans of our government may fall into utler confusion. (2) The curriculum, the teaching schedule and contents are so different that the graduates seem not to be given real education of chinese medicine from the point of Korean view. (3) In the wrong national examination, the important thought of china, and the system of WTO in Korea, when China will become mighty rival above problems contain the negative sides. 3. The counterplans - what should be performed soon. (1) Illegal contents about studying abroadl in China ought to inform sidely that students might not go on increasing. Before they form nam-power, the government and the field of chinese medicine should cope with such a situation together. (2) The law of regulation about agents should be legislated and they should be surpervised. (3) The exact numbers of students, their situation, and the present condition of each university should be examined. (4) After investigating the problems of the present system of national test, its enforcement and many counterplans is requisite. (5) The cooperating confrontation with the conference of dentistry is in need. (6) Since the problems are possibility to be developed to diplomatic questions, the effort of both nations is needful. - what need middle of long time. (1) The effort that suppress the more establishment of the college of oriental medicine is necessary. (2) After comparing with the system of foreign test, the government should make the system of test in accord with the mutualism and the principle of indiscrimination among nations and cope with such a many issues thoroughly.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.285-292
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 CFD 시뮬레이션 기법을 이용하여 유리온실의 내부 환경 변화를 예측하는 모델을 개발하였으며, 실험을 통해 확보한 데이터를 이용하여 이를 검증하였다. 주·야간 실험 데이터를 경계조건으로 하는 Case 1, 2, 3의 시뮬레이션 예측값은 실험값 대비 평균 2.62℃ 높게 나타났으며, 최대편차와 균일도는 각각 평균 1.12℃, 2.92%p 높게 나타났다. Case 1에서 Case 3으로 외기온도가 변화함에 따라 조성되는 온실 내부 온도는 평균 0.84℃의 차이를 보였으며, R²는 0.9628로 실험값과 시뮬레이션 예측값 간 유사한 경향을 보임을 확인하였다. 시뮬레이션 예측 결과 해석대상 온실 내 불균일한 온도분포를 확인하였다. 해석대상 온실의 효율적인 열에너지 관리를 위해 온실 내 방열관과 FCU의 위치 변경, 온실 구조 변경 등이 필요하다고 판단되었다. 추후 현장에서의 적용을 위해 정밀한 분석이 필요하며 이를 위해 온실 내부 작물 및 구조물 미고려, 온실을 완전 밀폐로 가정하는 등 모델 정립을 위한 조건들에 의한 열전달 현상을 고려한 모델의 개선이 필요하다고 판단된다.