• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제26권8호
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• pp.37-57
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• 2022

Purpose -International diplomacy is key for the cohesive economic growth of countries around the world. This study aims to identify the major topics discussed and make sense of word pairs used in sentences by Chinese senior leaders during their diplomatic visits. It also compares the differences between key topics addressed during diplomatic visits to developed and developing countries. Design/methodology - We employed three methods: word frequency, co-word, and semantic network analysis. Text data are crawling state and official visit news released by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China regarding diplomatic visits undertaken from 2015-2019. Findings - The results show economic and diplomatic relations most prominently during state and official visits. The discussion topics were classified according to nine centrality keywords most central to the structure and had the maximum influence in China. Moreover, the results showed that China's diplomatic issues and strategies differ between developed and developing countries. The topics mentioned in developing countries were more diverse. Originality/value - Our study proposes an effective approach to identify key topics in Chinese diplomatic talks with other countries. Moreover, it shows that discussion topics differ for developed and developing countries. The findings of this research can help researchers conduct empirical studies on diplomacy relationships and extend our method to other countries. Additionally, it can significantly help key policymakers gain insights into negotiations and establish a good diplomatic relationship with China.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.47-60
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• 2012

Sino-Japanese relations suffered a great setback during the premiership of Koizumi $Jun'ichir{\bar{o}}$ (2001-2006). Although many factors, such as dispute over the resources of the East China Sea or Japan's anxiety about China's growing military expenditures, are accountable for this situation, it was Koizumi's visits to the Yasukuni Shrine that became a symbol of the controversies between the two countries. The Yasukuni issue triggered a real eruption of profound anti-Japanese feelings among the Chinese people. While commentators in China accused Koizumi of glorifying militarism and whitewashing the atrocities committed by Japanese soldiers during the Second World War, the Japanese public started perceiving China's "exaggerated" reaction as a convenient diplomatic tool used by China to apply pressure on Japan in other bilateral disputes. On the one hand, spontaneous protests against Koizumi's visits to the Yasukuni Shrine constituted a great constraint in China's diplomacy towards Japan, but on the other, they also became an ideal pretext for adopting a tougher stance in Chinese foreign policy. In this paper, I examine different points of view on the Yasukuni issue. After describing the Japanese background of the visits to the controversial shrine, I analyze various interpretations of China's reaction to the problem. Although emotions dominated discourse on the Yasukuni issue both in Japan and China, some pragmatic attempts to use this problem can still be seen. Besides being a side-effect of Koizumi's strong personality, the Yasukuni issue could be used either as a tool of factional struggle in the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) or as an instrument of Chinese foreign policy towards Japan.

• Acta Via Serica
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 2019

This paper attempts to reveal little-known pages from the history of relations between the peoples of Central Asia and Korea based on materials derived from written sources and modern scientific literature, as well as from medieval wall paintings from the early medieval Afrasiab Palace of Varhuman, the ruler of Samarkand, and from stone sculptures of Sogdian figures contained in Silla royal tombs. Korea's interest in the western lands led to its contact with Buddhism, which spread and later flourished in all three Korean kingdoms (Koguryo, Paekche and Silla). The spread of Buddhism in turn motivated a number of Korean monks to undertake pilgrimages to India via Central Asia. Hyecho, a young Silla pilgrim, left evidence of his journey via the South China Sea to India in 723 AD. Paul Pelliot discovered a report from Hyecho's journey entitled Notes on Pilgrimage to Five Regions in India (Wang Wu Tianzhuguo zhuan) in the Dunhuang caves in 1908. Hyecho's contributions are worthy of attention, substantially complementing knowledge available for this little-studied period in the history of South and Central Asia. The information contained in Hyecho's manuscript is, in fact, considered the most significant work of the first half of the 8th century. Research regarding the relationship between Central Asia and Korea remains underdeveloped. Existing historical evidence, however, including the above mentioned Samarkand wall paintings, depicts the visits of two Korean ambassadors to Samarkand, and evidence from Silla tombs suggests the presence of diplomatic relations in addition to trade between the two regions. Overall, the history of the relationship between Central Asia and Korea yields new insights into how and why these distant countries sustained trade and diplomatic and cultural exchange during this early period. Taking into account Korea's growing interest in Uzbekistan, especially in its history and culture, this article can act as a catalyst for studying the history of the two country's relations.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.1145-1150
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• 2018

시진핑은 '아시아 운명공동체' 구축을 위한 새로운 외교발전을 제시하면서 이를 실현하기 위해 일대일로(一帶一路) 정책을 채택 하였다. 5통(通)의 핵심이념 정책구통(政策溝通), 시설련통(設施聯通), 무역창통(貿易暢通), 자금융통(資金融通), 민심상통(民心相通)을 바탕으로 일대일로를 통해 주변 국가들과 전 방위적인 협력과 상호이익관계를 구축하고 있다. 이에 본고는 중국의 일대일로 정책과 한국의 유라시아 이니셔티브를 방한관광 콘텐츠개발 전략에 어떻게 활용할 것인가에 대한 제안을 몇 가지 제시하고자 한 것이다. 첫째, 한국기업의 가교역할이 관광콘텐츠 개발로 이어질 수 있도록 해야 한다. 둘째, 중국인 개별관광객을 위한 관광콘텐츠 개발 활성화가 또 다른 관광콘텐츠로 이어질 수 있도록 해야 한다. 셋째, 중국의 현지기업들과 공동수주 방안을 모색해서 관광콘텐츠로 이어질 수 있도록 한다. 넷째, 한국에서 생활한 근로자나 유학생들의 적극적인 활용을 모색한다. 다섯째, 북한과의 협력적인 관계를 바탕으로 관광콘텐츠 개발을 도모한다.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.31-46
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• 2016

This study would inquire into the fashion image and design characteristics of Peng Liyuan, the first lady of China that has a mighty influence on the recent global economy and consumption. For this purpose, first, this study investigated the fashion image of Peng Liyuan according to the role which she performs as a first lady and analyzed how the fashion image appears and changes by year and role type. Second, this study analyzed the design characteristics of Peng Liyuan's fashion image, focusing on the silhouette, fashion items, coordinated items, colors, and textile patterns. The scope of the research was limited to the dresses worn by Peng Liyuan from March 14, 2013 to September 30, 2015. The fashion image of Peng Liyuan changed from classic and elegant image to modern image till 2015, and she reduced ethnic image and emphasized romantic image. In international diplomatic visits, she tried to express the confidence and potential of China through classic, ethnic and modern image, while in formal events of China, she showed an intention to communicate with the Chinese public with soft intimacy through elegant and ethnic images. As design characteristics in her fashion image, she flexibly changed her fashion image by the composition of silhouettes and items, which could cover her mid-life body type and made use of the form and detail of Chinese traditional qipao, appropriate coordination of scarves and brooches, the combination of chromatic color and achromatic color, appropriate uses of textile patterns and the delivery of China's image according to place and purpose. The study of Peng Liyuan's fashion image has significance to understand the fashion trend as a role model of fashion for the Chinese people and can help the domestic fashion industry that aims at the Chinese market in the future by predicting Chinese women' Fashion trend.

• 서비스연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.91-107
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• 2024

본 연구는 한국의 콘텐츠산업 및 관광산업에 있어 매우 의미있는 시장이지만 최근 한국 방문이 주춤했던 중국인들을 대상으로 K-콘텐츠의 가능성에 대하여 실증적으로 검증하고자 하였다. 중국 거주 중국인들을 대상으로 최근 한국을 직접 방문하지는 못하였지만 K-콘텐츠 경험이 한국에 대한 국가이미지 형성과 관광태도 및 방문의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는지를 실증적으로 검증하는데 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 연구결과, K-콘텐츠 경험, 국가이미지, 관광태도, 방문의도 각 항목들은 각각 1개의 요인으로 도출되었으며, 국가이미지 요인만 기능적 이미지, 문화적 이미지 2개의 요인으로 도출되었다. 도출된 요인들을 중심으로 기존 선행연구를 바탕으로 설정된 이들간의 영향관계를 살펴본 결과 연구가설 5개 모두 채택되었다. K-콘텐츠 경험은 국가이미지 2개 요인 모두 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 기능적 이미지 요인보다 문화적 이미지 요인에 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 문화적 이미지 요인은 관광태도와 방문의도에도 더 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. K-콘텐츠 경험은 관광태도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤고, 관광태도는 방문의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과를 바탕으로 국가이미지는 결국 실질적인 관광행동으로의 연결을 위해 중요한 요인이 되며 이러한 측면에서도 무엇보다 문화가 실질적인 관광과 방문으로 연결될 수 있는 중요한 핵심 요소가 됨을 다시 한번 확인할 수 있었다. K-콘텐츠 경험은 이러한 국가 문화이미지 형성과 관광태도 및 방문의도에 유의한 영향을 줌에 따라 실제 관광행동으로 연결시켜 줄 수 있는 긍정적인 관광태도 형성을 위하여 향후 지속적인 K-콘텐츠를 활용한 다양한 세분시장별 구체적인 전략들이 수립되어 실천되어져야 할 것이다.