• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.26-35
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• 1999

On the laser weld production line, a slight alteration of the welding condition changes the bead size and the strength of the weldment. The measurement system is produced by using three photo-diodes for detection of the plasma and spatter signal in $CO_2$ laser welding. The relationship between the sensor signals of plasma or spatter and the bead shape, and the mechanism of the plasma and spatter were analyzed for the bead size estimation. The penetration depth and the bead width were estimated using the multiple regression analysis.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.124-127
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 고출력 광섬유 레이저에서 역입사되는 레이저 광으로부터 펌프 LD를 보호하기 위한 반사형 2색 필터를 설계하고 제작하였다. 펌프 LD 발진 파장인 905 nm~925 nm 대역에서 투과율은 0.1%이하, 광섬유 레이저 출력 반사광이나 브릴루앙 산란광 파장대역인 1020 nm~1100 nm 대역에서 투과율은 99.9% 이상이 되도록 필터를 설계하였다. 기판(Substrate)은 $SiO_2$로 사용하고 접착력이 우수한 Oxide 계열 물질인 $SiO_2/Ta_2O_5$를 박막 재료로 사용하였다. 최적화된 설계를 한 후 필터를 제작하였고, 그 특성을 비교하였다. 제작된 필터의 투과율이 905 nm ~ 925 nm 대역에선 0.1%이하, 1020 nm~1100 nm 대역에선 95.5%이상으로 측정되어 공정오차를 고려한 설계범위 안에 들어옴을 확인하였다. 제작된 필터는 레이저 출력 1W이상의 입력광에 대해서도 정상 동작함을 확인하였다.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2000년도 제21회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.168-174
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• 2000

A diode laser sensor system based on absorption spectroscopy techniques has been developed to measure $CO_2$ concentration and temperature non-intrusively in high temperature combustion environments using a 2.0 ${\mu}m$ DFB(Distributed Feedback) laser. Two optics was fabricated in pig-tail fashion and all optical components were implemented in a single box. The evolution of measurement sensitivity was done using test cell by changing sweep frequency and $CO_2$ concentration. Gas temperature was determined from the ratio of integrated line strengths. Species concentration was determined from the integrated line intensity and the measured temperature. The result show that the system has 2% error in wide operation frequency range and accuracy of $CO_2$ concentration was about 3%. The system was applied to measure temperature and concentration in the combustion region of a premixed $CH_4$ +air triangular flame. The measurement results of gas temperature agreed well with thermocouple results. Many considerations were taken into account to reduce optical noise, etalon effect, beam steering and base line matching problem. The evaluations results and actual combustion measurement demonstrate the practical and applicability for in-situ and real time combustion monitoring in a practical system.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.1856-1863
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• 2005

In this study, a visual sensor system for weld seam tracking the I-butt weld joints in GMA welding was constructed. The sensor system consists of a CCD camera, a diode laser with a cylindrical lens and a band-pass-filter to overcome the degrading of image due to spatters and arc light. In order to obtain the enhanced image, quantitative relationship between laser intensity and iris opening was investigated. Throughout the repeated experiments, the shutter speed was set at 1/1000 second for minimizing the effect of spatters on the image, and therefore the image without the spatter traces could be obtained. Region of interest was defined from the entire image and gray level of the searched laser stripe was compared to that of weld line. The differences between these gray levels lead to spot the position of weld joint using central difference method. The results showed that, as long as weld line is within $\pm15^{o}$ from the longitudinal straight line, the system constructed in this study could track the weld line successfully. Since the processing time is no longer than 0.05 sec, it is expected that the developed method could be adopted to high speed welding such as laser welding.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.44-48
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 단일 광섬유 FBG/EFPI 복합 센서를 이용하여 변형률, 온도, 그리고 진동으 세 가지 물리량을 동시에 측정하는 방법에 대해 설명하였다. 변형률과 온도를 측정하기 위한 FBG/EFPI 센서 시스템과 진동을 감지하기 위한 EFPI 센서 시스템을 wavelength division multiplexer를 이용하여 하나의 시스템으로 결합하였다. FBG/EFPI 센서 시스템의 광원은 파장 이동 광섬유 레이저(WSFL)이며 EFPI 센서 시스템의 광원은 단파장 레이저 다이오드이다. 구성된 시스템을 이용하여 열챔버에서 알루미늄 보의 열변형률, 온도, 그리고 진동의 동시 측정을 수행하여 본 시스템의 유효성을 확인하였다.

• 한국공작기계학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2005

This paper presents fabrication techniques of the optical fiber position sensor (or spindle state monitoring. These include selection of components such as optical fibers, a laser-diode, a photo-diode, and op-amp IC of the signal process circuit. We also describe electric runout problem. The fabricated sensor has a linearity of $1.7\%$ FSO in the air gap range $0.1\~0.6mm$, a resolution of $0.37{\mu}m$ and a bandwidth of 6.3kHz. Finally, we have successfully operated a magnetic bearing spindle system using the sensors.

• 센서학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.133-138
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• 1999

In this pager, the authors have implemented a blood flow simulator and a LDF(laser Doppler flowmeter) probe using self-mixing effect of the laser diode. The purpose of the blood flow simulator is to simulate microvascular blood flow in tissue. It consists of melinex film (thickness = $123\;{\mu}m$) which has similar optical characteristics to epidermis and porous polyethylene filter (Vyon, porosity 35%, mean pore size $50\;{\mu}m$, thickness=1 mm) which has similar optical characteristics to dermis. The blood flowmeter probe consists of laser diode(5 mW, 780 nm wavelength), CD lens(focal length 12 mm). current-to-voltage converter, highpass filter, and premplifier. It doesn't need optical fiber, therefore, implementation of the probe is simpler than conventional probe using optical fiber.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2014

In this paper, we implemented the object scanning with nxtOSEK which is an open source platform. nxtOSEK consists of device driver of leJOS NXJ C/Assembly source code, TOPPERS/ATK(Automotive real time Kernel) and TOPPERS/JSP Real-Time Operating System source code that includes ARM7 specific porting part, and glue code make them work together. nxtOSEK can provide ANSI C by using GCC tool chain and C API and apply for real-time multi tasking features. We experimented the 3D scanning with ultra sonic and laser sensor which are made directly by laser module diode and experimented the measurement of scanning the object by knowing x, y, and z coordinates for every points that it scans. In this paper, the laser module is the dimension of $6{\times}10[mm]$ requiring 5volts/5[mW], and used the laser light of wavelength in the 650[nm] range. For detecting the object, we used the beacon detection algorithm and as the laser light swept the objects, the photodiode monitored the ambient light at interval of 10[ms] which is called a real time. We communicated the 3D scanning platform via bluetooth protocol with host platform and the results are displayed via DPlot graphic tool. And therefore we enhanced the functionality of the 3D scanner for identifying the image scanning with laser sensor modules compared to ultra sonic sensor.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.179-185
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• 2001

In this study, a visual sensor system for weld seam tracking the I-butt weld joints in GMA welding was constructed. The sensor system consists of a CCD camera, a diode laser with a cylindrical lens and a band-pass-filter to overcome the degrading of image due to spatters and arc light. In order to obtain the enhanced image, quantitative relationship between laser intensity and iris number was investigated. Throughout the repeated experiments, the shutter speed was set at 1-milisecond for minimizing the effect of spatters on the image, and therefore most of the spatter trace in the image have been found to be reduced. Region of interest was defined from the entire image and gray level of searched laser line was compared to that of weld line. The differences between these gray levels lead to spot the position of weld joint using central difference method. The results showed that, as long as weld line was within $^\pm$15$^\circ$from the longitudinal straight fine, the system constructed in this study could track the weld line successful1y. Since the processing time reduced to 0.05 sec, it is expected that the developed method could be adopted to high speed welding such as laser welding.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.118.4-118
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• 2001

An Inspection system, composed of sensor head and controller, is presented which is a 3-D laser vision system using principles of optical triangulation for weld quality and chamfer quality. The sensor head id composed of laser diode, micro CCD camera, filter and several optical components. This systems can be used in welding bead and undercut inspection and chamfer quality inspection as well. It is mech more convenient to use and the inspection time is to be greatly shortened compared with conventional inspection method. Furthermore, data saved in controller can be used for statistics afterwards. This system has been begin used in Koje Shipyard of Samsung Heavy Industries and the need is being increased.