• KSBB Journal
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.263-270
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• 1991

The optimal cell concentration and dilution rate for maximum ethanol productivity were obtained using dynamic simulation in cell recycled continuous bioreactor. The good control performance was observed using rule-based STR (self-tuning regulator) compared to conventional STR. Rule-base contained the scheme to implement the STR in an efficient on-off way and the scheme for the controlled variable to reach the optimal value in a short time. Since a mathematical model was used to analyze and estimate the changes of the state variables and the parameters, it was possible to understand the physical meaning of the system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 1998.05b
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• pp.659-664
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• 1998

The importance of input wariables of real-time accident consequence assessment model has been analyzed. Partial correlation coefficients of input variables related to the plume and the ingestion exposure have been estimated using latino hypercube sampling technique. It is known that wind speed and growth dilution rate are the most important variable in plume and ingestion exposure, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Surface Engineering Conference
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• 2013.05a
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• pp.180-180
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• 2013

Ceramic glaze has been developed by numerous experiences and knowhow of potters for a long time. It has offered curiosity and beauty to many people with a variety of colors. This study first verifies the color difference according to clays and glazing used for the coloration experiment based on generation process and chemical reaction of cobalt sulfate, and determines the effect of a dilution ratio with water on changes in coloration concentration. The cobalt-aluminate spinel and the cobalt-silicate olivine are the strongest of the ceramic pigment, producing a very pure, navy blue color.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 1992

A total of 197 fecal specimens was prepared for quantitative examination of helminth eggs by modified Kato's cellophane thick smear (M.C.T.S.) and Stoll's dilution egg counting technique (D.E,C.T.). The comparative effectiveness of two techniques was evaluated and conversion function was deduced. The average time required for the microscopic examination on one slide by M.C.T.S. was 12.6 minutes and that of D.E.C.T. was 14.6 minutes. M.C.T.S. showed lower false negative rate than D.E.C.T in light worm burden cases. Functions to convert the counts obtained by M.C.T.S. to E.P.G. by Stoll's dilution egg counting technique were $47.86{\times}10^{0.87{\;}logM.C.T.S.},{\;}$ in A. lumbricoides, $41.69{\times}10^{0.82{\;}logM.C.T.S.}$ in T. trichiura and $63.10{\times}10^{0.85{\;}logM.C.T.S.}$ in C. sinensis. It was suggested M.C.T.S. be better than D.E.C.T. for the quantitative examination of intestinal helminthiases such as A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, and C. sinensis infections even in the cases with low worm burden.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to evaluated the effect of CM (plant growth regulator) treatment on flowering, pod maturing and root yield components of Astragalus membramaceus Bunge. Three dilution rates (60, 70 and 80 times) were sprayed at $3{\sim}4$ leave stage. As the results, flowering was delayed $25{\sim}35$ days than August 13 of control and higher dilution rates was more effective to delay flowering. At the havesting time, be compared with non-treatment, plant height reduced $7.6{\sim}18.9\;cm$ and number of matured pods were decreased $50.6{\sim}76.1$ by increasing dilution rates. However, weight of dry root per plant was increased to 29% and dry root yield per 10a was increased to 28% in dilution rates 70 compared with non-treatment.

• Journal of Korean Port Research
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.45-56
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• 1995

Investigation of the physical behavior of dredged material disposal in coastal water includes estimations of water column concentration in the receiving water, exposure time, the initial deposition pattern as well as thickness of material at the dumping fields near the estuary area. Calculation based on vertical setting and horizontal advection of single particles ignore the effects of bulk properties of the disposed material, vertical and horizontal diffusion, and material dilution due to the entrainment of ambient water during descent. This paper focuses on the spatial and temporal changes in the dumping fields for the water column and bottom at a hypothetically confined coastal water, where the ambient time-invariant velocity and density profiles are applied, within the initial time period following the instantaneous release of the dredged material. This model accounts the behavior of material after release divided into three phases: convective descent, dynamic collapse and long-term passive dispersion

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.59-66
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• 2016

The International GNSS Service (IGS) provides the IGS-Real Time Service (IGS-RTS) corrections that can be used in stand-alone positioning in real time. In this study, the positioning accuracy before and after the application of the corrections to broadcast ephemeris by applying the IGS-RTS corrections at code pseudo-range based stand-alone positioning was compared with positioning result using precise ephemeris. The analysis result on IGS-RTS corrections showed that orbit error and clock error were 0.05 m and 0.5 ns compared to precise ephemeris and accuracy improved by about 8.5% compared to the broadcast ephemeris-applied result when the IGS-RTS was applied to positioning. Furthermore, regionally dispersed five observatories were selected to analyze the effect of external environments on positioning accuracy and positioning errors according to location and time were compared as well as the number of visible satellites and position dilution of precision by observatory were analyzed to verify a correlation with positioning error.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.209-211
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• 2008

Heterotrophic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae) has been claimed to produce potent ichthyotoxins that cause disorientation and eventually death of fish and other marine animals. A real-time PCR probe targeting for SSU rRNA gene was used for detection of P. piscicida in Chinhae Bay, Korea. PCR inhibitors were successfully removed by dilution of template DNA. Positive detections were shown from surface water samples indicating the presence of P. piscicida in Chinhae Bay.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.171-175
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• 1997

The stability of ondansetron and fluconazole in 5% dextrose injection and normal saline during simulated Y-site injection at room temperature was studied. Ondansetron 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/ml were admixed 1:1 with fluconazole 2 mg/ml. The solutions were stored at room temperature and samples were retrieved at time 0, 1, 2, 4 and 12 hr for immediate assay. At the time of the assay and before any dilution, each sample was visually inspected for clarity, color, precipitation, and the pH was determined. Drug concentrations were measured by a stability-indicating high performance liquid chromatograph. Ondansetron 0.03, 0.1 and 0.3 mg/ml were stable when mixed with concentration of fluconazole 2 mg/ml. There were no change in clarity and color and no precipitates in any admixture for 12 hr of inspection. The pH measurements did not have a particular trend in any direction over time.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.140-145
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• 2021

This study aimed to develop Lautropia mirabilis-specific quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) primers based on the sequence of DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta gene. The PrimerSelect program was used in designing of the qPCR primers, RTLam-F4 and RTLam-R3. The specificity of the qPCR primers were performed by conventional PCR with 37 strains of 37 oral bacterial species, including L. mirabilis. The sensitivity of the primers was determined by qPCR with the serial dilution of purified genomic DNA of L. mirabilis KCOM 3484, ranged from 4 ng to 4 fg. The data showed that the qPCR primers could detect only L. mirabilis strains and as little as 40 fg of genome DNA of L. mirabilis KCOM 3484. These results indicate that this qPCR primer pair (RTLam-F4/RTLam-R3) may be useful for species-specific detection of L. mirabilis in epidemiological studies of oral bacterial infectious diseases such as periodontal disease.