• 한국작물학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.279-282
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• 2002

Oryzalexine A, a potent growth inhibitor against several weeds such as Digitaria sanguinalis (L) Scop., and Amaranthus lividus L. was purified by conventional solvent partitioning and column chromatographies. This substance showed strong inhibitory activity on several weeds: Germination of seeds of Poa annua L. was inhibited by 36.5 % at 1.0 mM and Amaranthus lividus L. by 56.1% at 2.5mM. Growth of root and shoot of Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop. by 10.2% and 22.4% at 2.5mM, respectively. These suggest that Oryzalexine A in rice straw might affect the germination and growth of susceptible weeds and other plants.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.139-146
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• 1996

An experiment was canied out to investigate how to effect the application of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium on the vegetation and dry matter yield in the mixed sward of Ladino clover and crabgrass(Digitaria sanguinalis [L.] Scop.). The experimental sward was consisted of eight plots of non-application, K, P, PK, N, NK, NP and NPK. These plots were sown with seeds mixture of Ladino clover 5.0kg/ha and crabgrass 17.5kg/ha on 17 April 1976 in the forage experimental field of Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea, and were cut three times from 6 July to 4 October 1976.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.93-100
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• 1995

This experiment was carried out to investigate how to effect the application of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium on the vegetation and dry matter yield in the mixed sward of orchardgrass and crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis [L.] Scop.). The experimental sward wa5 consisted of eight plots of non-application, P, K, PK, N. NK, NP and NPK. These plots were sown with seeds mixture of orchardgrass 17.5 kglha and crabgrass 17.5 kg/ ha on 22 April 1975 in the forage experimental field of Kangwon National University, Chunchon, Korea, and were cut four times from 6 July to 18 November 1975. The results obtained were summarized as follows: 1. In orchardgrass density measured after summering, the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate marked only 3 1.0% of the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate while in crabgrass density measured at that time the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate marked as high as 112.5% of the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate. 2. Application of phosphate and potassium improved wintering record of orchardgrass. In orchardgrass density measured after wintering, the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate marked only 9.7% of the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate, and the plot of NP applied without K marked 63.6% of the plot of NP applied with K. 3. In surface coverage of orchardgrass, in midsummer any plot applied with nitrogen regardless of accompanying with or not with phosphate wa5 0%, but in autumn the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate was 56-58% and the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate was 5%. While after wintering the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate was 28-37% though the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate was only 0.3-0.6%; the application of phosphate improved summering and wintering record of orchardgrass. 4. Application of phosphate demonstrated remarkable effect on increasing dry matter yield in orchardgrass. In year total yield of orchardgrass, the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate marked as low as 11.3% of the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate, but in crabgrass the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate was almost equal to the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate showing 97.5% of this plot. 5. Application of potassium was not effective on increasing dry matter yield of orchardgrass but its application was effective on increasing dry matter yield of crabgrass. In dry matter yield of orchardgrass significant difference was not found between NP plot and NPK plot, but in dry matter yield of crabgrass NPK plot recorded significantly higher yield compared with NP plot (p<0.05). 6. In botanical composition of the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate, crabgrass recorded 46.5-50.5% in early summer (July) but in midsummer (August) it dominated the plot recording 85.6-91.2%. 7. In botanical composition based on the year total yield, in the plot of nitrogen applied with phosphate orchardgrass marked 21.7-26.2% and crabgrass recorded 73.8-78.370, but in the plot of nitrogen applied without phosphate orchardgrass marked only 3.5% being overwhelmingly dominated by crabgrass which recorded 96.5%. 8. Application of nitrogen not accompanied with phosphate strengthened competitive power of the crabgrass unilaterally, making orchardgrass be oppressed fatally by the crabgrass.

• 아시안잔디학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.203-210
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• 1998

Environmental concerns arising from synthetic herbicides in plant management systems have led to an interest in plant-derived compounds as natural herbicides. Inhibitory effects of compounds extracted with 50% methanol from corn (Zea mays L.) and pine (Pinus densiflora L.) were evaluated on large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.), annual bluegrass Poa annua L.), radish (Raphanus sativus L.), and perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) The aqueous extracts inhibited seed germination and had postemergence activity on the four species. The stability of biological activity of corn grain, stover, and root extracts was not affected by heating to $135^{\circ}C$ or freezing/thawing treatments when applied at levels above 0.25kg m(sup)-2 based on dry weights of powders before extraction. Heating reduced the activity of pine litter and bark extracts at all levels except the highest application level but had little effect on pine needle extracts.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 1989

식물체에 함유된 잡초종자발아 억제 물질을 검색하기 위해 그 생물검정법에 대한 몇가지 기초조사와 더불어, 확립된 검정법에 의해 45종의 식물체의 MeOH 추출액에 대해 생물활성을 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 생물검정에 사용될 수 있는 아세톤과 MeOH의 허용도는 각각 1% 이하 및 0.1% 이하였으며 유화제로써 Triton X-100은 공시종자에 대해 100ppm의 농도에서도 비교적 약해가 심하였으나, Tween 20은 500ppm의 농도까지 별다른 영향이 없었다. 2. 본 실험에서 식물체의 추출액을 대상으로, 그 발아억제 활성을 비교, 검색할 경우 가장 적절한 검정농도는 5,000ppm(0.5%)이었다. 3. 45종의 시료 식물체 중 공시잡초종자에 대해 가장 강력한 발아억제활성을 나타낸 것은 둥근잎가정큰나무와 독일가문비의 MeOH 추출액이었으며, 이들은 모두 5,000ppm의 농도에서 공시종자에 대해 60% 이상의 발아억제 활성을 나타내었고, 특히 쇠비름과 큰달맞이꽃의 종자에 대해서는 90% 이상의 강한 억제활성을 나타내었다. 4. 고들빼기의 MeOH 추출액에서는 공시종자들의 발아 및 생육을 촉진시키는 호르몬 유사 물질의 존재가 강력히 시사되었다.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.78-83
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• 1981

한국(韓國)의 야생(野生)잔디가 재식(栽植)되에 있는 잔디밭을 대상(對象)으로 문제잡초구명(問題雜草究明) 및 잡초방제방법구명시험(雜草防除方法究明試驗)에서 얻어진 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. l. 본(本) 조사지역(調査地域)에서 발생(發生)된 잡초종류(雜草種類)는 40여종(餘種)이었고 발생빈도(發生頻度) 및 발생량(發生量) 면(面)에서 크로바, 바랭이, 방동산이, 망초, 꽃다지 등이 문제(問題)의 잡초(雜草)로 구명(究明)되었다. 2. 경산(慶山) 칸트리클럽 주변(周邊)의 조사지점(調査地點)에서는 크로바, 바랭이, 꽃다지, 방동산이, 망초 등이 공존(共存)하는 군락형(群落型)으로 Simpson's Index가 0.306이었고 경북대(慶北大) 캠펴스내(內)의 조사지점(調査地點)에서는 Simpson's Index가 0.776으로 주로 크로바가 우점(優占)하는 군락형(群落型)을 보였다. 전체(全體)의 건물중(乾物重) 증가양상(增加樣相)에는 두 지역간(地域間)에 시간적(時間的) 차이(差異)는 있으나 유사(類似)하였다. 3. 크로바와 광엽잡초(廣葉雜草)가 우점(優占)하는 지역(地域)에 MCPP 3.4kg (a.i.)/ha를 2회(回) 처리(處理)는 경미한 약해(藥害)가 있기는 하나 84.1%의 높은 방제효과(方劑효果)를 나타냈으며 MCPP 2.2~2.8kg (a. i.)/ha 처리(處理)도 약해(藥害)는 전혀 없으며 높은 방제효과(方劑效果)를 나타냈다. 4. 2,4-D 성분량(成分量)으로 2.0kg/ha 처리(處理)는 MCPP 3.4kg (a.i.)/ha 에 준(準)한 방제효과(方劑效果)를 나타내지는 못하였으나 높은 방제율(防除率)을 보였으며 약해(藥害)를 고려(考慮)할 때 2,4-D 1.0kg (a.i.)/ha 정도면 광엽잡초방제(廣棄雜草防除)에 유효(有效)할 것이다.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.82-88
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• 2000

제초제에 의한 인축 및 환경오염 문제를 해결하기 위한 방안의 하나로 최근 유기농가 목초액을 잡초방제에 도입하려는 시도를 하고 있다. 본 실험의 목적은 유기농가에서 사용하고 있는 신갈나무 목초액의 살초효과를 검정하는데 있다. 목초액 0.01%는 고형배지에서 피(Echinochloa crus-gulli P. Beauv), 개밀(Agropyron smithii RYDB), 캐놀라(Brassica napus L.), 어저귀(Abutilon avicennae Gaetrn), 자귀풀(Aeschynomene indica L.), 수수(Sorghum bicolor Moench)의 생장에 아무런 영향을 미치지 않았으나, $0.1{\sim}1%$는 식물의 생장을 둔화시켰고, > 5%는 식물의 생장을 완전저해시켰다. 목초액 1배량(80L $80L^{-1}\;10a^{-1}$)을 토양처리시 캐놀라, 어저귀, 피, 바랭이(Digitaria sanguinalis Scop.)의 생장은 아무런 영향을 받지 않은 반면, 경엽처리시 식물의 생장은 1/2배량 혹은 1배량 처리시 둔화되었다. 목초액의 살초력을 춘천과 태백 2곳의 포장에서 검정한 결과, 목초액 1배량 처리구의 잡초생체중은 무처리구의 잡초생체중과 비교하여 $34{\sim}36%$ 작았으나, >1/2배량 처리구의 잡초생체중은 무처리구의 잡초생체중과 차이가 없었다. 그러나 목초액 1배량의 살초력은 glyphosate 1/2 배량의 살초력에도 훨씬 못미쳤기에 목초액의 실제 살초력은 매우 낮은 것으로 판단된다.