• 폴리머
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.420-426
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• 2012

본 연구에서는 항산화 물질로 잘 알려진 quercetin과 그 배당체인 rutin을 함유하는 poly(${\varepsilon}$-caprolactone)-b-poly(ethylene glycol) 미셀을 제조하여, 활성물질(quercetin, rutin)의 in vitro 피부 흡수 증진에 관한 연구를 수행하였다. 입자크기는 PCL-b-PEG 고분자의 농도가 증가함에 따라 미셀의 초기 입자 크기가 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 고분자 미셀의 표면 전위(Zeta potential)는 비교적 일정함을 확인하였다. 제조한 고분자 미셀의 피부 흡수력을 평가하기 위하여, 용액 상태의 활성물질을 미셀의 대조군으로 하여 Franz cell을 이용한 투과실험을 진행한 결과 용액 상태보다 미셀에서 더 높게 나타났음을 확인하였다. 또한 화장품 소재로서의 안전성 평가를 위한 인체 피부 일차자극 실험(patch test) 결과 어떠한 피부 자극도 관찰되지 않았다.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.227-234
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• 1999

Solid dispersions were prepared to increase the dissolution rate of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (DDB) using water-soluble carriers such as povidone, copolyvidone, $2-hydroxypropyl-{\beta}-cyclodextrin (HPCD)$, sodium salicylate or sodium benzoate by solvent evaporation method. Solid dispersions were characterized by infrared spectrometry, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and powder X-ray diffractometry, dissolution and permeation studies. DDB tablets (7.5 mg) were prepared by compressing the powder mixtures composed of solid dispersions, lactose, com starch, crospovidone and magnesium stearate using a single-punch press. DDB capsules (7.5 mg) were also prepared by filling the mixtures in empty hard gelatin capsules (size No.1). From the DSC and powder x-ray diffractometric studies, it was found that DDB was amorphous in the HPCD or copolyvidone solid dispersions. Dissolution rates after 10 min of DDB alone and solid dispersions (1 : 10) in sodium benzoate, sodium salicylate and copolyvidone were 11.8, 23.5, 22.8 and 82.5%, respectively. Dissolution rates of DDB after 30 min from 1 : 10 and 1 : 20 copolyvidone solid dispersions were 80.5 and 95.0%, respectively. For the DDB tablets prepared using solid dispersions (1 : 20), the initial dissolution rate was dependent on carrier material, and was ranked in order, $Kollidon\;30\;{\ll}$ copolyvidone < HPCD. For the HPCD solid dispersion tablets, dissolution rate reached 97.4% after 15 min, but thereafter slowly decreased to 80.7% after 2 hr due to the precipitation of DDB. However, in the case of copolyvidone solid dispersion tablets, dissolution increased linearly and reached 93.4% after 2 hr. Reducing the volume of test medium from 900 to 300 ml markedly decreased the dissolution rate of the tablets containing 1 : 20 HPCD solid dispersions and 1 : 10 copolyvidone solid dispersion. For 1 : 20 copolyvidone solid dispersion tablets, there was no significant change in dissolution rate up to 1 hr with different volumes of test medium. Preparation of the copolyvidone solid dispersion (1 : 20) in capsules markedly delayed the dissolution (31.2 % after 2hr) due to the limited diffusion within capsules. The permeation rate $(13.4\;g/cm^2\;after\;8\;hr)$ of DDB through rabbit duodenal mucosa from copolyvidone solid dispersion (1 : 10) was markedly enhanced, when compared with drug alone or physical mixtures. From overall findings, DDB formulations containing copolyvidone solid dispersions (1 : 20) could be used to remarkably improve the dissolution rate in dosage form of powders and tablets.

• 공업화학
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.719-725
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• 1998

Salicylaldehyde와 2-hydroxy-1-naphthaldehyde를 2-aminophenol과 2-amino-p-cresol에 반응시켜 세자리 Schiff base 리간드들을 합성하였다. 이들 리간드를 Cu(II)이온과 반응시켜 세자리 Schiff base Cu(II) 착물들을 합성하였다. 리간드와 그 착물들의 구조와 특성을 원소분석, $^1H$-NMR, IR, UV-vis 분광법과 열 무게 분석법으로 알아보았다. Schiff base 리간드와 Cu(II)의 몰비는 1:1로 결합하며 Cu(II)착물들은 1 분자의 수화물이 배위된 4배위의 평면 사각형 구조임을 알았다. 지지전해질로서 0.1M TBAP를 포함한 DMSO 용액에서 순환 전압전류법과 미분 펄스 전압전류법으로 세자리 Schiff base 리간드와 이들의 Cu(II) 착물들의 전기 화학적인 산화 환원 과정을 알아보았다. 세자리 Schiff base 리간드들의 전기 화학적 환원은 확산 지배적이고 비가역적으로 진행되었다. Cu(II) 착물들의 전기화학적 환원과정은 1단계 1전자 반응으로 모두 확산 지배적이고 준가역적으로 진행되었다. Cu(II)착물들의 환원전위는 [Cu(II)(HNIPC)($H_2O$)]>[Cu(II)(HNIP)($H_2O$)]>[Cu(II)(SIP)($H_2O$)]>[Cu(II)(SIPC)($H_2O$)] 순으로 양전위 방향으로 이동하였다.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.106-117
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• 2021

Objective: To explore the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based whole tumor texture analysis in differentiating borderline epithelial ovarian tumors (BEOTs) from FIGO stage I/II malignant epithelial ovarian tumors (MEOTs). Materials and Methods: A total of 88 patients with histopathologically confirmed ovarian epithelial tumors after surgical resection, including 30 BEOT and 58 MEOT patients, were divided into a training group (n = 62) and a test group (n = 26). The clinical and conventional MRI features were retrospectively reviewed. The texture features of tumors, based on T2-weighted imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted imaging, were extracted using MaZda software and the three top weighted texture features were selected by using the Random Forest algorithm. A non-texture logistic regression model in the training group was built to include those clinical and conventional MRI variables with p value < 0.10. Subsequently, a combined model integrating non-texture information and texture features was built for the training group. The model, evaluated using patients in the training group, was then applied to patients in the test group. Finally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to assess the diagnostic performance of the models. Results: The combined model showed superior performance in categorizing BEOTs and MEOTs (sensitivity, 92.5%; specificity, 86.4%; accuracy, 90.3%; area under the ROC curve [AUC], 0.962) than the non-texture model (sensitivity, 78.3%; specificity, 84.6%; accuracy, 82.3%; AUC, 0.818). The AUCs were statistically different (p value = 0.038). In the test group, the AUCs, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 0.840, 73.3%, 90.1%, and 80.8% when the non-texture model was used and 0.896, 75.0%, 94.0%, and 88.5% when the combined model was used. Conclusion: MRI-based texture features combined with clinical and conventional MRI features may assist in differentitating between BEOT and FIGO stage I/II MEOT patients.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.976-985
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• 2022

Objective: To compare the clinical and radiological features of various etiologies of chronic diffuse lacrimal gland enlargement. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 91 consecutive patients who underwent surgical biopsy for chronic diffuse lacrimal gland enlargement and were diagnosed with non-specific dacryoadenitis (DA) (n = 42), immunoglobulin G4-related dacryoadenitis (IgG4-RD) (n = 33), and lymphoma (n = 16). Data on patient demographics, clinical presentation, and CT imaging findings (n = 73) and MRI (n = 43) were collected. The following radiologic features of lacrimal gland enlargement were evaluated: size, unilaterality, wedge sign, angle with the orbital wall, heterogeneity, signal intensity, degree of enhancement, patterns of dynamic contrast-enhanced, and apparent diffusion coefficient value. Radiological features outside the lacrimal glands, such as extra-lacrimal orbital involvement and extra-orbital head and neck involvement, were also evaluated. The clinical and radiological findings were compared among the three diseases. Results: Compared to the DA and IgG4-RD groups, the lymphoma group was significantly older (mean 59.9 vs. 46.0 and 49.4 years, respectively; p = 0.001) and had a higher frequency of unilateral involvement (62.5% vs. 31.0% and 15.2%, respectively; p = 0.004). Compared to the IgG4-RD and lymphoma groups, the DA group had significantly smaller lacrimal glands (2.3 vs. 2.8 and 3.3 cm, respectively; p < 0.001) and a lower proportion of cases with a wedge sign (54.8% vs. 84.8% and 87.5%, respectively; p = 0.005). The IgG4-RD group showed more frequent involvement of the extra-orbital head and neck structures, including the infraorbital nerve (36.4%), paranasal sinus (72.7%), and salivary gland (58.6%) compared to the DA and lymphoma groups (4.8%-28.6%) (all p < 0.005). Conclusion: Patient age, unilaterality, lacrimal gland size, wedge sign, and extra-orbital head and neck involvement differed significantly different between lymphoma, DA, and IgG4-RD. Our results will be useful for the differential diagnosis and proper management of chronic lacrimal gland enlargement.