• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.241-251
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• 2022

Purpose: In the event of a fire in a high-rise building, if the smoke control area is not effectively protected, smoke or flames enter the stairwell, making it difficult to evacuate. When inflowing air is discharged from a closed corridor, a negative pressure is formed in the corridor, the pressure in the smoke control area becomes excessively high, and the force required to open the door during evacuation is exceeded. Also, if the air introduced into the hallway is not exhausted, the smoke may flow back into the smoke control area. This paper tried to identify the problems caused by the inflowing air and to find out how to improve the performance. Method: Using the CONTAM program, simulations were performed with the basic conditions and the modified conditions. Result: If the inflowing air was discharged from the sealed corridor, overpressure occurred in the Smoke Control Area and exceeded the opening force, and the prevent smoke backflow was insufficient in the layer where the inflowing air was not discharged. Conclusion: "Differential pressure exhaust damper" application, simultaneous opening of two exhaust dampers, and automatic window installation between corridors and outdoors improved the exhaust performance of inflowing air.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.703-714
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• 2009

One of the biggest problems in smoke control systems for high-rise buildings is stack effect, but there are no recognized methods or measures to solve the problem of stack effect as yet. The stack effect can be overcome by forming the uprising current inside the stair hall properly, but there is a limit to the height in supplying into the stair hall the smoke control air volume to be supplied to a floor in case of escape from fire. The limit to the height can be extended by over-coming the stack effect by pressurizing the stair hall and the ancillary room simultaneously. It can also be anticipated that the stack effect can be overcome by connecting the air supply shaft to the stair hall at the top. As a result of computer simulations using a network type of tool, it is found that adequate performance can be achieved by pressurizing the stair hall only for a building of 190m or less, and up to 360m when pressurizing the stair hall and the ancillary room simultaneously. In all those cases, however, an overpressure venting damper is required which operates within a suitable range for venting the overpressure outside.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.26 no.12
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• pp.588-593
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• 2014

To maintain a negative pressure, the supply, exhaust airvolume are adjusted by setting volume damper and the infiltration through leakage area of the door between rooms in biosafety laboratory. Multizone simulation is useful way to predict room pressure, supply and exhaust air volume. But in a particular room, local change such as airflow and contaminants concentration distribution can not be evaluated unfortunately. Through this study, a coupled multizone and CFD simulation was performed, indoor air flow and local contaminants concentration distribution in a particular room of BSL lab are predicted. The results show that all zones of BSL lab are well ventilated by unidirectional flow without local stagnation. In addition, in case that unexpected biohazard is occured in BSL lab, multizone simulation results about the spread of pollutants along movement of the occupant also show that contaminants concentration is removing totally without the spread of the outside. In conclusion, a coupled multizone and CFD simulation can be applied to interpret differential pressure in room and local change of physical quantity in a particular room such as airflow and Influenza A contaminants concentration distribution. This simulation method is useful to enhance the reliability and accuracy of biosafety laboratory design.