• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.75-94
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• 2013

본 연구는 2011년 수학과 국가수준 학업성취도 평가에서 다문화 탈북가정 학생들에게 차별기능을 하는 문항이 있는지를 분석하였다. 이를 위하여 먼저 Simultaneous Item Bias Test(SIBTEST) 방법과 MantelHaenszel(MH) 방법으로 다문화 탈북가정 학생들에 대한 차별기능문항을 추출한 결과, 초 중 고등 세 학교급에서 8개의 문항이 추출되었다. 이 문항들은 다문화 탈북가정 학생들의 학업성취 정도와 특성을 나타내는 객관적인 자료로서 기능할 것이다. 또한 추출된 각 문항을 질적으로 분석한 결과 다문화 탈북가정 학생들에게 차별기능을 한 잠재적인 원인을 탐색한 결과 언어 능력, 계산 및 문제 해결 과정의 복잡성, 교육과정의 일치 여부, 문제 상황 등이 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문은 다문화 탈북가정 학생들을 위한 교육 정책을 수립하고 교수 학습 방법을 구안하는 데 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.49-54
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• 2022

The objective of this study was to examine the function of the items on the Arabic version of the Social Networking Time Use Scale (SONTUS) using Differential Item Functioning (DIF) across groups of university students in SA (i.e., males and females at UQU). The findings of this study indicated that some of the items in the Arabic version of the SONTUS functioned differently across male and female students in SA. University faculty and administrators in Saudi Arabia as well as in the Arabic world can benefit from understanding students use of SNS.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.40-48
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• 2014

Differential item functioning (DIF) based on Rasch model can be used to examine whether the items function similarly across different groups and identify items that appear to be too easy or difficult after controlling for the ability levels of the compared groups. The Oswestry low back pain disability (Oswestry) has traditionally been proved as an effective instrument measuring disability resulting from low back pain (LBP). In this study, DIF method was used to explore whether items on the Oswestry perform similarly across two different groups (participants with LBP and no LBP). A series of Rasch analyses on the 10 items of the Oswestry were performed using Winsteps$^{(R)}$ software. Forty-two participants with back pain were recruited from 3 rehabilitation hospitals in Gainesville, Florida. Another 42 participants with no LBP were recruited from several public places in the rehabilitation hospitals. Based on the DIF analysis across the two groups, several items were found to have an uniform DIF. Participants with no LBP had more difficulty on lifting and personal care items and participants with LBP had more difficulty on sleeping and social life items. For non-LBP group, a high ceiling effects (83% of participants with non-LBP) was detected, which was not be able to be effectively measured with the Oswestry items. Although 4 items of the Oswestry function differently across the two groups, all items of the Oswestry were well targeted the LBP group.

• 대한치매학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.107-114
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• 2024

Background and Purpose: Each item in the instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) questionnaire has differential importance to an individual's life functioning based on gender. However, IADL has mostly been utilized for its total score alone, without gender specificity. We identify the impact of each item on the transition from amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) to Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), and determine if the impact of each item differs by gender. Methods: Subjects were aMCI or ADD with a global clinical dementia rating of 0.5 or 1. The sample size was 146 men and 154 women. We used logistic regression analysis to determine the effect of each item of IADL on the transition from aMCI to ADD. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for "remembering recent events" had similar values: 27.2 for men, and 27.7 for women. Gender difference was identified in the item with the highest OR value. For women, the "using transportation" item was 63.3, and for men, "conducting financial affairs" was overwhelmingly high at 89.1. Conclusions: Functional decline on items with relatively higher ORs may indicate higher probability of a transition from aMCI to ADD. The OR of "conducting financial affairs" was relatively higher for both genders. In terms of gender differences, "conducting home repair" for men, and "using transportation" for women, have relatively higher impact. This study demonstrates that during the transition from aMCI to ADD, each item of IADL shows a staggered decline in functioning, and that this decline is gender-specific.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.757-766
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• 2017

This study investigated not only the existence of differently functioned item due to gender but also domain. In this study, the randomly selected data of TIMSS 2007, which consist of 681 male and 646 women, were analyzed. To detect differently functioned items, this study employed Raju method. For Raju method, three-parameter logistic model was selected. Signed and unsigned area between two item characteristic curve were measured within the real ability range. An item which was detected commonly SA and UA area in Raju method was defined as a differently functioned item. As a result of this study, six items among twenty seven items of mathematics in the TIMSS 2007 were differently functioned item. Five items among those six items, were in favor of boys and one item was in favor of girls. Number, Geometric Shapes and Measures, and Applying were in favor of boys. but Data Display, Reasoning were in favor of girls. The conclusion of this study was summarized as existing differently functioned items in TIMSS 2007 and difference between favorable domain based gender. Finally, it is desirable to consider the differently functioned items by relating those item content for improving the test reliability of TIMSS 2007.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2011

Three hundred and fourteen low back pain patients completed the Korean version of the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (KODQ) and the Rasch analysis was then applied to identify the inappropriate items and to determine ODQ item difficulties according to a subject's characteristics. For women and youths, the 'sex life' item showed misfit statistics, whereas for older subjects it was the 'pain intensity' and 'standing' items. Also, in the acute low back group the 'pain intensity', 'standing' and 'sex life' items showed misfit statistics. For all subjects, the most difficult item was 'pain intensity', whereas the easiest item was 'walking'. But for the older and acute groups 'lifting' was the most difficult item and for those who have a visual analogue scale score of 3 or less 'sitting' was the most difficult item. These results show that differential item functioning is present in several items according to sex, age, acute and chronic pain, and VAS score. This study may be useful for adjusting the KODQ item difficulties for low back pain patients with different characteristics.

• 한국조사연구학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국조사연구학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 발표논문집
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• pp.8-34
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• 2002

이 연구의 주된 목적은 외국의 교육 및 심리검사를 번안하여 사용하는 경우, 번안된 검사와 原 검사간의 평형성 (equivalence)을 경험적으로 측정하기 위하여 차별문항기능기법을 응용하는 것이다. 즉, 평형성이라는 것은 타당한 그룹비교를 위한 하나의 전제조건으로서 이런 평형성이 확립되지 않은 채 번안된 검사들의 무분별한 사용은 바람직하지 않다. 서로 다른 접근법을 가지고 있는 두 개의 차별문항기능기법, 로지스틱 판별분석과 SIBTEST가 상호보완적인 목적으로 이용되었고, 최선의 대응변수를 모색하려는 시도로서 다변량 대응기법과 순환적인 정화기법이 사용되었다. 5개의 하위척도를 가진 외향성 척도 중 3개의 척도에서는 적은 수의 차별기능문항을 발견하였으나, 나머지 2개의 척도에서는 반 이상의 문항에서 차별기능을 추출하였다 마지막으로, 대응변수의 선택에 대한 문제들이 논의되고 있다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2015

To develop an effective and efficient measurement system for tracking changes of functional status across two measures, it is essential to integrate information and communicate scores across two measures. The lack of communication between two measures leads to score incompatibility. A potential solution would be the development of a crosswalk table between those measures. Prior to creating a crosswalk table, selecting common items between two measures is critical. By using the Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire (Oswestry) and a short form measuring disability resulting from low back pain, item level statistics as well as differential item functioning (DIF) using the Rasch measurement were investigated. Eighty-two participants with known group validity were recruited. Based on the application of the Rasch measurement model, item difficulties across the two measures were logically and hierarchically ordered. Ceiling effects for both measures were detected, which were not be able to be effectively measured with the two measures. The DIF analysis across the two measures confirmed that five paired items were found to have DIF and five common items were selected for common items. Although five paired items function differently across the Oswestry and the short form, all items of both measures were well targeted study participants. The common items selected by the Rasch measurement model may be effective when creating a crosswalk table between the Oswestry and the short form.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2023

Background: Equating is a statistical procedure used to create a common measurement scale across two instruments. Item-level information should be taken into consideration so that scores can communicate interchangeably across the instruments. Objects: To investigate a common measurement scale across two health-related quality of life questionnaires (HRQOL) applied to various cancer survivors who underwent palliative care in healthcare institutions. Methods: A total of 139 cancer survivors who underwent palliative care were recruited from two rehabilitation hospitals and an oriental medicine hospital. Participants consisted of various cancer survivors who presented to the sites for palliative care. They were asked to fill out Korean versions of the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) and EuroQOL-5 dimension (EQ-5D) questionnaires following the palliative care. For the item level comparison, the Rasch rating scale model was used to investigate how participants regarded individual test items of two instruments in relation to item difficulty calibrations. Results: All items except the three items fit the Rasch model. One item (anxiety/depression) of the EQ-5D and two items (dependence on medical aids and negative feelings) of the WHOQOL-BREF are misfit. The WHOQOL-BREF targets the survivors well, while the EQ-5D is able to target the survivors with lower HRQOL levels with some ceiling effects. By inspecting the item difficulty calibrations of the two instruments, five items of the WHOQOL-BREF are selected as common items in relation to the EQ-5D. These five items are considered compatible with each other. Differential item functioning (DIF) analysis reveals that the healthcare item of the WHOQOL-BREF vs the self-care item of the EQ-5D exhibits significant DIF. Conclusion: Findings suggest that one paired item should be taken into consideration when equating the WHOQOL-BREF and the EQ-5D applied to cancer survivors who underwent palliative care.

• 비교교육연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.135-151
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• 2018

이 논문은 교육평가학과의 관계를 점검함으로써 비교교육학의 학문적 위상을 정립하는 데 도움을 주려는 목적으로 작성되었다. 비교교육학은 교육학의 분과 학문이면서 교육학의 다른 분과 학문들을 포괄할 수도 있다는 점에서 독특한 성격을 지닌다. 그리고 교육평가학은 평가의 내용을 다루기도 하지만 평가 방법론이 연구 영역에 포함된다는 특징을 지닌다. 교육평가학과 비교교육학 간 접점으로는 먼저 점차 확대되고 있는 국제비교평가를 들 수 있다. 국제비교평가는 1960년대 12개국의 수학교육을 비교하기 위해 실시된 국제수학연구를 필두로 대상 과목과 참여국가가 점점 확대되고 있다. 국제비교평가는 단지 참여국의 순위 경쟁이 목적이 아니라 각국의 교육과정 및 교육실천을 다각도로 비교함으로써 교육 개선을 위한 시사점을 제공하기 위해 실시되고 있다. 국제비교평가에는 다집단 분석을 실시할 수 있으며, 특히 국가 간 사회문화적 차이 등 측정구인 외의 요소가 어떻게 작용하고 있는지 밝히는 차별적 문항기능 분석이 가능하다. 또한 국제비교평가 자료는 다른 교육 자료들과 마찬가지로 위계적 구조를 지니고 있어 다층모형 또는 위계적선형모형이 적절하다. 따라서 문항반응이론을 확장시킨 다층문항반응이론을 적용할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 국가 간 차이에 대한 다차원적 진단이 가능하다. 교육평가학의 방법론적 진보에도 불구하고 비교 교육학과의 간극으로 인해 그 도구들은 적절히 사용되지 못하고 있다. 이를 해결함으로써 비교 교육학은 학문으로서 진일보할 수 있을 것이다. 결론적으로 방법론을 쉽게 풀어 널리 알림으로써 연구자가 도구를 손쉽게 사용할 수 있도록 하는 교육평가 학계의 노력과 함께 이러한 도구들을 사용함으로써 보다 정밀하고 정확한 분석을 통해 정책적 시사점을 도출하고자 하는 비교교육 연구자들의 노력이 함께 요구된다.