• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4405-4408
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• 2016

Background: To investigate the characteristics of allelic distribution of IGF2 and H19 gene polymorphisms in molar tissues compared to normal placentas. Materials and Methods: Forty-nine specimens of molar tissues as well as 100 control normal placental tissues, delivered on the same days, were collected. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) on 2% agarose gel electrophoresis was conducted to determine the allelic distribution. The ApaI polymorphism within exon 9 of IGF2 and the RsaI polymorphism within exon 5 of H19 were employed to identify the allelic distribution of the IGF2 and H19 genes, respectively. Then the data for these genes in the molar and normal placenta tissues were compared. Results: The allelic distribution of IGF2 genes found in molar tissue were 21 (42.9%) aa (undigested), 10 (20.4%) ab (heterozygous) and 18 (36.7%) bb (digested), while in normal placenta tissue the values were 22 (22%) aa, 51 (51%) ab, and 27 (27%) bb. The allelic distribution of H19 in molar tissues was 8 (16.2%) aa (undigested), 8 (16.3%) ab (heterozygous) and 33 (67.4%) bb (digested) and in normal placental tissue was 16 (16%) aa, 36 (36%) ab and 48 (48%) bb in normal placenta tissue. These results were significantly different with P values of 0.001 and 0.037 for the allelic distribution of IGF2 and H19, respectively. Conclusions: Molar tissues showed significant differences of allelic distribution of IGF2 and H19 from normal placenta tissues.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.273-278
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• 1998

Carbohydrate metabolism and partitioning are dependent on relationships between sources and sinks which can be affected by rates of photosynthesis and respiration. Fructan, the major form of stored carbohydrate in tall fescue (festuca arundineacea Schreb.), changes in concentration during growth and in response to the environment. Objectives of this study were i) to examine the content and the composition of carbohydrates in five tissues (mature leaf blade, immature leaf blade, leaf elongation zone, terminal meristem, and root tips) of two tall fescue genotypes, one with high yield per tiller (HYT) and one with low yield per tiller (LYT), and ii) to compare the reserved and utilized carbohydrates among above five different tissues, particularly between the leaf elongation zone and root tips. The established vegetative tillers of the HYT and LYT genotypes were grown in a controlled-environment growth chamber. Water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC) in the leaf elongation zone was about 22% of dry weight in the HYT and about 19% in the LYT genotype. The root tip also had high WSC, about 12% of dry weight in the HYT and 6% in the LYT genotype. Hexoses and sucrose were the major components of total WSC in all tissues except the leaf elongation zone. The growing tissues (sinks), i.e., the leaf elongation zone and root tip, had a high proportion of low degree of polymerization fructan, i.e., 3 to 8 hexose units.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.78-84
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• 2002

Taurine (2-ethaneaminosulfonic acid, $^+{NH}_3{CH_2}{CH_2}{SO_3^{-}}$) is endogenous amino acid with functions as modulator of osmoregulation, antioxidation, detoxification, transmembrane calcium transport, and a free radical scavenger in mammalian tissues. Taurine transporter(TAUT) contains 12 transmembrane helices, which are typical of the $Na^+$- and $Cl^-$-dependent transporter gene family, and has been cloned recently from several species and tissues. To analyze the expression of TAUT mRNA, one step RT-PCR was performed from human and mouse cultured cell lines and from various mouse tissues. The primers were designed to encode highly conserved amino acid sequences at the second transmembrane domain and at the fourth and fifth intracellular domains. RT-PCR analysis showed both of the human intestine HT-29 and mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cell lines expressed mRNA of TAUT. To define the expression patterns of the TAUT mRNA in the murine organs, RT-PCR was performed to detect cDNA representing TAUT mRNA from seven different mouse tissues. The TAUT was detected in all of the mouse tissues analyzed such as heart, lung, thymus, kidney, liver, spleen and brain. A large amount of transcript was fecund from heart, liver, spleen, kidney, and brain, while lung contained a very small amount of transcript.

• BMB Reports
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.154-158
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• 2003

Collagen is a family of proteins which consists of several genetically distinct molecular species and is intimately involved in tissue organization, function, differentiation and development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentration of different hydroxyproline (Hyp) fractions viz., total, free, peptide-bound, protein-bound, soluble- and insoluble-collagen hydroxyproline (Hyp) in various bovine tissues. Results showed that liver had the highest concentration of free Hyp followed by kidney, brain, spleen, lungs, muscle and heart. Liver also had the highest concentration of peptide-bound collagen Hyp followed by kidney, heart, spleen, lungs, brain and muscle. The concentration of protein-bound collagen Hyp was highest in the liver, followed by kidney, spleen, lungs, muscle, brain and heart. Total Hyp was highest in the liver, followed by kidney, spleen, brain, heart, muscle and lungs. Liver also had significantly high concentration of collagen as compared to other tissues examined (P<0.001). Spleen had the significantly higher concentration of soluble-collagen Hyp when compared to other tissues (P<0.001). This was followed by heart, muscle, lungs, brain, kidney and liver. Heart had the highest concentration of insoluble-collagen Hyp followed by lungs, kidney, liver, muscle, spleen and brain. The variation among the insoluble-collagen Hyp concentration of heart and muscle, spleen and brain was significant (P<0.001). We speculate that these differences could be due to the variation in turn over of rate of collagen metabolism in this species.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.265-271
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• 2013

Treatments of vascular disease via modulating the expression of specific proteins by gene transfer have been attempted in various studies over the past few years. Among several methods to deliver genes, adenovirus currently has been used because of a number of positive aspects. In this study, we test adenoviral vector as a potential mediator in the treatment of vascular disease by using freshly isolated vascular tissues not cultured vascular cells. Freshly isolated vascular tissues were directly exposed to adenoviral vector pAd5CMVmcsIRESeGFPpA to check the possibility of GFP expression in different layer of vascular tissues. We found that the GFP expression by using adenoviral vector experiments is mainly focused on the adventitia and failed to detect GFP expression at endothelial layer or vascular smooth muscle layer in vascular tissues. However, we also found that several integrin receptors are robustly expressed in vascular smooth muscle, thus the limited expression of protein in vascular smooth muscle are not likely the lack of integrin receptors. In conclusion, adenovirus could not be a good tool for a specific protein expression in vascular smooth muscle cell. Thus, the application of adenovirus as a tool for gene therapy of vascular smooth muscle cells in clinical therapeutic trial need to be optimized further.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.69-75
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• 1998

Responses of tobacco(Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi) leaves of different age to diphenyl ether herbicide oxyfluorfen were evaluated with respect to cellular leakage, chlorophyll loss, and membrane lipid peroxidation. When tobacco leaves of different age were incubated under light condition at $25^{\circ}C$ following 12hr dark incubation. Significant electrolyte leakage from the treated tissues into the bathing medium occurred. The change of electrolyte leakage was proportional to the oxytluorfen concentration and the duration of light exposure to the tissues. Electrolyte leakage from the tissues treated with oxyfluorfen was highly dependent on the leaf age. From the tissues of younger age, more electrolyte leakage occurred and lag period was greatly reduced. Chlorophyll loss and membrane lipid peroxidation, as measured by malondialdehyde production, caused by oxyfluorfen treatment were also dependent an the age of treated leaf tissues. In conclusion, physiological responses of tobacco leaves to oxyfluorfen greatly varied with the age of treated tissues, and thus tobacco plants could be used as appropriate materials for studying the mechanisms of tolerance to diphenyl ether herbicides.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.208-216
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• 1996

The esthetics of chin contour is very important in facial deformities, and the quantity of soft tissue overlying the symphysis can be helpful to the correct diagnosis and surgical treatment for optimal facial harmony. The objectives of this study is to measure the different thicknesses of skeletal and soft tissues of chin on lateral cephalometric radiographs, to obtain the mean values of normal Korean adults, and to investigate the relative proportions of skeletal and soft tissues of chin. The results were as follows ; 1. In normal Korean adults, the relative proportions of the distances of soft tissue toward skeletal tissue were 1.5 in B point and 0.95 in Pg, and there were significant difference between male and female in the relative proportion of Pg (p<0.05). The relative proportion of the distances of vertical soft tissue toward horizontal soft tissue of Me was 1.91, and there were not significant difference between male and female. 2. In normal Korean adults, the distances of skeletal and soft tissues of chin showed no correlation, but the distances of vertical and horizontal soft tissues of Me showed high correlation (p<0.01). 3. In normal Korean adults, the correlations among the distances of each skeletal and soft tissues of chin were significantly high in both of male and female (p<0.01). Among the relative proportions of the distances of skeletal and soft tissues, the correlations of the proportions of B point and Mp and the proportions of Mp and Pg were significantly high (p<0.01).

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.17
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• pp.7883-7887
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• 2015

Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Viruses including human papillomavirus (HPV) have been reported to be associated with different cancers but any association with colorectal cancers remains controversial. Aim: To evaluate any association between HPV infection and adenocarcinoma of the colon and adenomatous polyps. Materials and Methods: Paraffin-embedded tissue specimens of 70 colorectal adenocarcinomas, 70 colorectal adenomatous polyps, and 70 colorectal normal tissues were subjected to DNA extraction. The quality of the extracted DNA was confirmed by amplification of a ${\beta}$-globin fragment using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PCR using specific primers were performed to detect HPV DNA. Specific primers targeting the E6 region of the HPVs 16 and 18 were used for genotyping. Results: HPV DNA was detected in 2 (2.85%) out of 70 adenocarcinoma colorectal tissues and 4 (5.71 %) out of 70 adenomatous colorectal tissues. All normal colorectal tissues were negative for HPV DNA. HPV-16 was the most predominant genotype (5 sample) followed by HPV-18 (4 sample). Despite the above observations, statistical analyses indicated no significant differences in the frequencies of HPV positive subjects between the cancerous and normal samples. Conclusions: Although the differences observed in the frequencies of HPV positive cases in our study was not significant relative to those of control subjects, the fact of 6 positive samples among cancerous tissues, may still suggest a role of HPV in colorectal carcinogenesis. The study collectively indicated that some colorectal cancerous tissues are infected with high risk HPV genotype. The findings merit more investigation.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.61-66
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• 1993

The contents of crude fat were remarkably different according to parts in porcine tissues. The most contents of total lipids in variety tissues were neutral lipid, and the nexts were phospholipid and glycolipid, where these of the most composition in liver were phospholipid and the next neutrallipid and glycolipid. The major component of the nonpolar lipids in fresh was triglyceried(58.09∼74.68%) and phospolipid in the polar lipid were phosphatidyl choline(20.14∼45.17%) and phosphatidyl ethanolamine(18.5∼30.14%) and the main component in glycolipid acylsterol glyceride(26.10∼45.15%), respectively.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.292-297
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• 2015

This study was carried out to have the basic and applied informations relating to develop the cultivation methods and to increase the productivity and quality of ginseng. 1 to 6 year old ginsengs of Jakyung cultivar were cultivated and the content and synthetic amount of carbohydrates were investigated with different plant tissues, growth stages, and years old. The concentration of total carbohydrates at six year old ginseng including water soluble and water insoluble carbohydrates was about 18.9%, 42.9%, and 43,6% in leaves, tap roots, and lateral roots, respectively. Water soluble carbohydrate of tap and lateral roots was slightly decreased from August until September, and then increased on November, whereas its water insoluble carbohydrate was increased from August to September and then decreased on November. Comparing with the content of carbohydrates of 1 to 6 year old ginsengs, it was continuously increased from one year old ginseng until five year old ginseng, however it was not increased much in six year old ginseng. The highest content of carbohydrates was at five year-old in all tissues of ginseng. Water soluble and water insoluble carbohydrates were significantly shown different in leaves, stems, tap roots, and lateral root at different growth stages and with different years old. The content of water soluble carbohydrate in the leaves was remarkedly higher compared to that of water insoluble carbohydrate, while in the root the content of water insoluble carbohydrate was clearly higher compared to the water soluble carbohydrate. Comparing with the synthetic amount of carbohydrates, water soluble carbohydrates was higher in the shoot than that in the root, whereas water-insoluble carbohydrates higher in the root than that in the shoot. Carbohydrates which would be utilized in ginseng tissues for short and long-term periods as major energy were appeared differently in between shoot and root, with different growth stages, and years old.