• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 2000년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.233-238
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• 2000

Many theories and researches about agricultural products transportation were proposed and introduced until now. These studies have insufficient consideration about factors like region of imported agricultural products and the different speed of each road. In this study the Optimal Routes Selection Model (ORSEM) included factors that aren't taken into account in past studies and consists of database using Internet. Finally the model was developed through advanced marketing potential function and optimization method. The ORSEM focalizes on transport network organization. This model was applied to physical distribution of agricultural products in South Korea and found optimum routes of agricultural products.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제24권64호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2001

Usability is playing a more important, role in interactive products or systems (e. g,, information technology Products, computer software) development, and it has become a primary factor in determining the acceptability and consequent success of the products. This study investigates some different techniques and methods to evaluate the usability of the interactive products or system . Various evaluation methods have been tried ranging from formal to informal and empirical techniques. The classification of the usability evaluation methods(UEMs) and comparisons between these evaluation methods are presented. Some issues raised by the UEMs are also discussed. In addition, problems of selecting appropriate usability evaluation methods are discussed.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.267-273
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• 2019

South Korea has allowed parallel importation since 1995. Parallel importation causes competition among importers in the logistics process allowing, consumers to purchase foreign brand products at low prices. Most parallel importers base product pricing on subjective judgements. Fashion products in particular, have different sales rates depending on trends and seasons, so sales performance varies greatly depending on selling price timing and policy. The merchandiser (MD) set the price on parallel importation products by aggregating information on imported products and pricing goods. However, this customized process is very time consuming for the MD. This is because the logistics process of parallel importation's customs clearance procedures and repair works is complicated and takes a significant amount of time. In this paper, we propose an improved parallel importation logistics process based on big data, which automatically sets the price of parallel importation products.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.22-34
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• 1993

In claiming for the purchased products, two types of errors can occur from the consumer's point of view. One is to accept defective products and the other one is to reject good products. Due to such errors, Claim rate for the products is expected to be different from that the producer has originally anticipated. In this paper, the probability distribution of the number of claimed products when such consumer's inspection errors are involved is derived. Then, a simple model is provided to estimate the claim rate when such errors are present.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze consumer recognition, perceived importance, and satisfaction to create a new apple processed product and to promote its consumption. Data were collected from 527 men and women living throughout Korea through a self-administrated questionnaire. Frequencies, one-way analysis of variance, and Duncan's multiple range were conducted using SPSS v. 17.0 software. Recognition of juice and drinks, milk and dairy products, apple jam, and seasoning was high, while that of the other products was low. Consumer perceived importance of products was higher than consumer satisfaction of products. Quality preservation attributes were sanitation, taste, flavor, place of origin, and convenience of purchase. Attributes for improved consumer post-purchase satisfaction after purchasing were content of apple, quality of apple, price, and certificate of quality. The attributes of content of apple and certificate of quality were statistically different by consumer age.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.229-235
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• 1992

The bioequivalence of two commercial choline magnesium trisalicylate (CMT) tablets was evaluated in 10 normal male subjects (age 21-27 yr, mean 23 yr) following single oral administrations of two products. Test product was $Trimax^{\circledR}$ tablet (Hyundai Pharm. Ind. Co., Ltd., Korea) and reference product was $Trilisate^{\circledR}$ tablet (Purdue Frederick, U.S.A.). Both products contained 500 mg salicylate. In the study, ten volunteers were administered one tablet of $Trimax^{\circledR}$ or $Trilisate^{\circledR}$ with randomized two period cross-over study. The pharmacokinetic parameters of two products were statistically compared using Student's t-test and ANOVA. When Student's t-test was applied, mean area under the curves (AUC) of $Trilisate^{\circledR}$ and $Trimax^{\circledR}$ were $388.88{\pm}74.99\; {\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$ and $390.63{\pm}63.02\;{\mu}g{\cdot}hr/ml$ hrlm!, respectively, which were not significantly different (p>0.05). The mean peak concentrations $(C_{max})$ and mean times to peak $(T_{max})$ of $Trilisate^{\circledR}$ and $Trimax^{\circledR}$ were $71.1{\pm}12.2$ and $72.9{\pm}10.7\;{\mu}g/ml$, and $72{\pm}33$ and $57{\pm}36min$, respectively, which were not significantly different (p>0.05). The mean terminal phase half-lives $(t_{l/2ter})$ of the two products were $2.57{\pm}0.47$ and $2.43{\pm}0.40$ hr, and also they were not significantly different (p>0.05). When ANOVA was applied, the parameters of the two products were not also significantly different each other. Based on the above results, it has been concluded that the bioavailability of $Trimax^{\circledR}$ tablet was not significantly different from that of $Trilisate^{\circledR}$ tablet.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2015

DIP(deinked pulp) was bleached by FAS, $Na_2S_2O_4$ and $H_2O_2$, which are widely used in DIP bleaching process, in order to improve optical properties of DIP, and the bleaching efficiencies of DIP and environmental loads of waste water were compared, depending on bleaching chemical dosages. With the application of different bleaching chemicals, some positive improvements were shown in optical and physical properties of bleached pulp. However, the physical properties of bleached DIP and their characteristics of wastewater were remarkably different, depending on dosages and bleaching reagents. DIP chemicals with FAS and $Na_2S_2O_4$ have higher improvement in optical and physical properties than $H_2O_2$. Also, environmental loads such as pH, turbidity, SCODcr and cationic demand were decreased in reductive bleaching process. Despite of higher effectiveness of reductive bleaching process, there were some environmental problems caused by sulfur ions from FAS and $Na_2S_2O_4$. With the method of sulfur ion controls, it would be more effective than $H_2O_2$ bleaching process.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 2006

Environment-friendly shock-absorbing (cushioning) materials were made using a vacuum forming method from waste wood collected from local mountains in Korea. The waste wood was pulped by thermomechanical pulping. The TMP cushions showed superior shock-absorbing properties with lower elastic moduli compared to EPS(Expanded Polystyrene) and pulp mold. Even though the TMP cushions made using at different suction times had many free voids in their inner fiber structures, their apparent densities were a little higher than EPS and much lower than pulp mold. The addition of cationic starch improved elastic modulus of the TMP cushions without increasing the apparent density, which was different from surface sizing with starch. The porosity of the TMP cushions was a little greater than EPS and much less than pulp mold. Finally, the TMP cushions have great potential to endure external impacts occurring during goods distribution.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.296-302
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• 1998

The bioequivalence of two cyclosporin A products was evaluated in 26 normal male volunteers (age 25 ~33 yr, body weight 56~84 kg) following single oral administration. Test product was a hard capsule containing the granule of cyclosporin A (Chong Kun Dang Corp., Korea) and reference product, Sandimmun", was a soft capsule containing surfactant, oil, alcohol and cyclosporin A (Sandoz, Swiss). Both products contain 100 mg of cyclosporin A. Four capsules of the test and the reference product were administered to the volunteers, respectively, by randomized two period cross-over study (2$\times$2 Latin square method). Average drug concentrations at each sampling time and pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly different between two products (p>0.05); the area under the concentration-time curve to last sampling time (24 hr) (AU $Co_{24}$) (5034.8$\pm$ 1760.6 vs 4635.4$\pm$ 1158.9 ng . h/ml), maximum plasma concentration ( $C_{max}$) (1002.7$\pm$353.1 vs 980. 4$\pm$ 171.7 ng/71), and mean residence time (MRT) (6.16$\pm$0.81 vs 5.64$\pm$0.50 h). The differences of mean AUC 7-,4,7~, T_ and MRT between the two products (7.93,2.22,16 and 8.39%, respectively) were less than 20% given as a guideline. The power (1-$\beta$) and treatment difference ($\Delta$) for AU $Co_{24}$, $C_{max}$ and MRT were more than 0.8 and less than 0.2, respectively. Although $T_{max}$ of the two products was significantly different each other (p<0.05), $T_{max}$ might be an insignificant parameter because cyclosporin A generally requires long-term administration. From these results, the two products are bioequivalent.alent.t.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.107-118
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• 2004

오늘날 산업 디자인은 단지 유저 인터페이스(User Interface)와 기술적인 개선을 통한 제품을 시장에 제공하고 있는 것처럼 보여지고 있다. 일반적으로 제품을 구입하는 소비자는 제품을 처음 대하는 순간자신의 특별한 감정과 경험들을 동원하여 제품에 어떤 의미를 부여하려고 한다. 제품에 나타나는 은유적인 특성을 제품 언어라고 하는데, 우리 디자이너들은 그 은유적인 특성에 대한 정확한 인식 또는 가공 방법에 대하여 끊임없는 연구가 선행되어야 할 것이다. 우리가 사용하는 모든 오브젝트(Object) 또는 제품(Product)에는 고유한 미학적인 가치가 함축되어 있으며, 그것은 제품이 사용되는 환경에 따라 다르게 보여질 수 있다. 그리고 객관성이 미약할 경우에, 제품에서 나타나는 은유적인 특성은 새로운 도구 시스템을 요구하게 된다. 비르크호프의 미학적 척도를 응용한 제품 분석은 제품에 포함되어 있는 고유한 은유적인 특성과 제품 개발을 위한 도구로 응용될 수 있으며, 이를 통하여 디자인 조작이 보다 용이하게 된다. 예를 들어 비르크호프의 미학적 척도를 응용하여 시장에서 판매의 우위를 보이고 있는 제품에 대한 미학적 척도를 분석한 후 그 제품에 적용된 제품 언어를 분석하면 소비자의 기호도를 인지할 수 있게 된다. 비르크호프의 미학적 척도의 에플리케이션(Application)은 하나의 시스템이자, 디자인 프로세스를 보다 원활하게 수행하게 하는 일종의 도구(Tool)인 것이다.