• 원예과학기술지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.463-472
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• 2014

Ion imbalance in recycled nutrient solutions is caused by selective ion uptake of plants, which occurs at different rates in different growth stages. The objectives of this study were to investigate the ion balances in both recycled nutrient solutions and rockwool media using different renewal patterns for the nutrient solutions, and to analyze the subsequent effects on uptake of water and nutrients. Over 12 weeks of paprika cultivation, two different renewal patterns (week units) of 6-4-2 and 8-2-2 weeks were compared with a constant renewal pattern of 4-4-4 weeks (control). The nutrient solution in the reservoir tank was constantly maintained at EC $2.5dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ and pH 5.5-6.5. The changes in the ion balance with the 4-4-4 week pattern were smaller than those with the other treatments. In the early growth stage, however, the ion balances similarly changed among all treatments. Greater changes were subsequently observed for the 6-4-2 week pattern. Although fruit yield and shoot fresh weight of paprika were the lowest with 6-4-2 renewal pattern, no significant differences were observed. Our results indicate that renewal intervals can be extended in consideration of growth stage for more efficient and practical operations in closed soilless cultures.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.177-183
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• 1998

한국재래닭의 육성기 및 산란기 능력을 연구하기 위하여 적갈색, 황갈색, 흑색 3계통 810수를 공시하여 64주간 사양시험을 실시하였다. 급여사료는 한국표준 닭사료급여기준(1994)에 준하여 급여하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 육성률은 적갈색이 가장 높았고 흑색이 가장 낮으며, 체중은 흑색이 무거웠고 갈색계통은 비슷하였지만 통계적 유의성은 없었다. 2. 20주령까지 사료섭취량은 계통간 비슷하였으며, 50％ 산란일령은 황갈색이 가장 빨랐으나 유의성은 인정되지 않았다. 3. 전기간 평균 산란율은 황갈색, 흑색, 적갈색 순이었으며(P<0.05), 난중은 적갈색이 약간 무거웠다(P<0.05). 4. 사료섭취량은 3계통 모두 105g으로 동일하였으며, 사료요구율은 황갈색이 다른 계종에 비하여 개선되었다(P<0.05). 5. 난각강도는 계통간 차이가 없었으며 난각두께는 난중이 무거운 적갈색이 두꺼운 것으로 나타났고 (P<0.05), 난질은 계통간 차이가 없었다. 6. 수정율은 산란중기 및 후기에서 황갈색이 가장 낮았고 적갈색이 가장 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 7, 부화율은 산란중기에서는 계통간 차이가 없었으나, 산란후기에는 갈색계통에 비하여 흑색이 낮았다(P<0.05). 8. 한국재래닭의 육성기 및 산란기 능력은 계통간 큰 차이가 없었으나, 황갈색의 산란율이 다른 계통에 비하여 높았으며 사료요구율도 개선되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2002

옥수수 뿌리 성장에 미치는 토양통과 경운의 영향을 구명하기 위하여 3년 동안 일리노이 중부지방의 몇 개 토양통이 다른 옥수수 포장에서 뿌리 분포를 관찰하였다. 무경운과 경운된 포장에서 깊이 75 cm Minirhizotron 기술에 의하여 Video로 촬영을 한 후 뿌리 분포를 관찰하였다. 토양 경작층의 뿌리 분포는 생육 초기 증가하였고, 이후 늦은 여름에는 수분이 고갈되면서 감소하였다. 본 실험에서 뿌리 분포가 토양통에 따라 차이는 보이지 않았으나 토양통에 따른 분포의 차이는 토양의 유효수분 저장용량에 따라 차이를 보였다. 토양의 투수 속도가 빠른 무경운에서의 뿌리분포가 경운에서의 분포보다 많았다. 생육기간 중 심토 층에서의 옥수수 뿌리는 경운포장보다 전 작물의 뿌리통로를 이용하여 생장하는 무경운 포장에서 2-3주 일찍 관찰되었다. 결론적으로 옥수수 뿌리 분포는 토양통보다는 경운에 의한 영향이 클 것으로 생각되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.341-351
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• 1996

In order to elucidate the differences in early successional development among similary aged old-fields having different soil nitrogen (N), caused by the land use history before at abandonment, the response of plant community along an experimental nitrogen gradient (control plot (No), plot NI with 5.8g $N/m^2$, plot N2 with 11.7g $N/m^2$ and plot N3 with 23.3g $N/m^2$) was investigated in a five-year-old abandoned field. Although the N content in soil among treatments was similar at the end of the growing season, N concentrations in plant tissue increased with the amount of N supplied. These results suggest that almost all the N contained in N-enriched soil might be absorbed by plants during the growing season after N supply. Vegetation tended to grow vigorously by nitrogen supply, and the standing biomass increased significantly in plots NI and N2 . Species richness of plants, especially of annuals and perennials, was more reduced than the control plot, and the species diversity was also reduced by N supply. The importance value (IV) of species by N supply differed in each species along the position on the successional sere: Artemisia princeps var. orientalis as the dominant species in this old-field decreased slightly; annuals as the earlier successional species decreased clearly along nitrogen gardients; Erigeron annuals as the earlier successional species and as a strong competitor with Artemisia princeps var. orientalis had the highest IV by small N supply; Miscanthus sinensis and Rubus crataegifolius as the later successional species increased by large N supply. These results suggest that old-fields with high soil N might show the structural and functional characteristics of the earlier successional stages, but community composition in those old-fields might be changed more quickly from the sarlier successional species than the later successional species.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.107-118
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• 1998

A nutrition education program for teachers and caregivers of the preschool children can be most effective when it is based on a comprehensive needs assessment dealing with sociodemographic factors, dietary habits, and nutrition. The purpose of the present study was to investigate current dietary habits and nutrition knowledge of the teachers and caregivers of the day-care centers. Two hundred forty two teachers and caregivers were administered a questionnaire which was designed to ascertain informations on sociodemographic data, dietary habits and nutrition knowledge. Dietary habits of the teachers were found to be significantly different by sociodemographic variables; breakfast skipping/meal irregularities (age, p=0.011); frequency of snacking (education level p=0.031); preference for salty taste(age, p = 0.000, marital status p=0.038); preference for sweet tarte (age p=0.009); preference for vegetables (income level p=0.050); frequency of eating out (age p=0.028, marital status p=0.001); frequency of coffee drinking (age p=0.019). Daycare center teachers' nutrition knowledge level was found to be less than adequate expecially on nutrients that are liable to be deficient in young growing children and their food sources. Proportions of the teachers who answered correctly to the questions on foods rich in vitamin A, iron content of milk, bioavailability of calcium in plant foods were as low as 20.2%-54.5%. The most frequently used sources of nutrition information were mass media such as TV, radio, newspaper and magazines. Only 2.9% of the subjects reported that they obtain nutrition information from health professionals such as nutritionists/dietitians, physicians, and nurses. These findings are applicable at the planning and implementation stages of various nutrition programs for the improvement of dietary habits and nutrition knowledge of the teachers and caregivers of the daycare centers. Further studies are needed to investigate the effects of teachers' dietary of habits and nutrition knowledge on food habits of young growing children.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.7-14
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• 1985

본 시험은 1981~1982년에 걸쳐 공시품종을 "수원5호"와 "수원9호"로 단작과 맥후작으로 파종하고 도복처리시기를 개화시, 개화기, 개화종기에, 도복정도를 30$^{\circ}$, 60$^{\circ}$, 90$^{\circ}$로 유인 처리하여 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 건경중은 작기간 차이보다 품종간 차이가 더욱 유의적이어서 수원5호는 개화시처리 반응이 둔한 반면 수원9호는 2파종기 모두 도복시기가 빠르고 도복정도가 심할수록 감소경향이 컸다. 2. 착삭부위장은 품종간보다 작기차이가 민감하여서 2품종 모두 단작보다는 맥후작에서 도복에 의한 감소정도가 명확하였다. 3. 주당삭수는 개화시의 처리에서 감소가 극심하였고 개화기 및 개화종기 처리에서는 차이가 없었으며 이들의 경향은 맥후작보다 단작에서 유의적으로 감소되었다. 4. 수원5호는 맥후작에서 도복에 의한 천립중의 감소가 별로 인정되지 않았다. 5. 도복에 의한 등숙률의 저락현상은 맥후작보다 단작에서 그리고 개화시의 도복처리에서 특히 치명적이었다. 6. 도복에 의한 참깨 종실수량의 감소경향은 수원5호의 경우 단작에서, 수원9호의 경우 맥후작에 극심한 경향이었다.의 경우 맥후작에 극심한 경향이었다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.61-70
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• 2005

본 실험은 남은 음식물에 유기성 부산물인 육계분, 제과부산물, 밀기울, 맥강 등을 주요 수분흡수제 또는 영양 보충제로 혼합한 후 rotary drum 방식을 이용하여 양돈 사료화 하는데 있어서 이상적인 배합비 도출을 위한 공정단계별 사료의 영양적 flow를 4차 시험에 걸쳐서 추적하였다. Rotary dm 방식을 이용한 살균 및 숙성 과정을 거치면서 영양소의 변화 폭은 매우 낮았으며, 살균 및 숙성 처리 후의 건물 손실율은 $8{\~}15\%$ 수준이었다. 시험별로 영양소 변화는 혼합되는 사료 원료의 종류에 따라 다르게 나타났다. 남은 음식물, 퇴적발효육계분, 제과부산물, 맥강의 최적 혼합 비율은 45: 10: 22.5:22.5 이었고, 이때 사료간의 뭉쳐지는 현상을 극복할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 rotary durm 방식으로 살균하고, 숙성한 남은 음식물 혼합물은 양돈 사료로서의 충분한 사료 영양적 가치가 있었다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.314-339
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• 1982

Fluctuating climate is still most important environmental constrain, although improved modem agricultural technology has succeeded to increase crop production in the world. To stabilize the food production under fluctuating weather conditions, it is very needed to obain the quantitative information of interactions between crops and climate. The main purpose of this paper is three hold. Using the JIBP-data, the dry matter accumulation of rice crops is studied in relation to weather indexes (\SigmaTa and \SigmaSt). Temperature dependence of the yield index of rice is analyzed as to air temperature and water temperature. \SigmaT$_{10}$ -fluctuations are studied using meteorological data at various stations. The possible shift of \SigmaT$_{10}$ -isopleths due to climate fluctuation is evaluated. The second interest is in the plant climate of rice crops. Using results of canopy photosynthesis, it is pointed that the canopy structure has most important implication in plant climate. Leaf-air, stomatal, and mesophyll resistances of rice crops are described in relation to weather conditions. The change in light condition and aerodynamical property of rice crops with the growth is illustrated. The energy partition is also studied at different growing stages. Third point is to show in more detail effective countermeasures against cold irrigation water and cool summer. Heat balance of warming pond and polyethylene tube as a heat exchanger is studied to make nomo-grams for evaluating the necessary area and necessary length. Effects of windbreak net on rice crops are illustrated by using experimental and simulation results.lts.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.1-30
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• 2013

The capitalization of know-how, knowledge management, and the control of the constantly growing information mass has become the new strategic challenge for organizations that aim to capture the entire wealth of knowledge (tacit and explicit). Thus, knowledge mapping is a means of (cognitive) navigation to access the resources of the strategic heritage knowledge of an organization. In this paper, we present a new mapping approach based on the Boolean modeling of critical domain knowledge and on the use of different data sources via the data mining technique in order to improve the process of acquiring knowledge explicitly. To evaluate our approach, we have initiated a process of mapping that is guided by machine learning that is artificially operated in the following two stages: data mining and automatic mapping. Data mining is be initially run from an induction of Boolean case studies (explicit). The mapping rules are then used to automatically improve the Boolean model of the mapping of critical knowledge.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2005

The objective of this research was to find an indirect method to estimate spectral reflectance and NDVI(Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) efficiently, using the spectroradiometer and NOAA AVHRR satellite data. For collecting RS base data, used spectro-radiometer that measures reflection characteristics between 300~1,100nm was used and measured the reflection of vegetation from paddy rice during the growing season at Chungbuk national university's farm in 2002. The feasibility of detecting the temporal variation in the spectral reflectance and NDVI in paddy rice were conducted on eight growth stages. AVHRR data were collected in eight different months over a one year period in 2002. The results were compared with those obtained by analyzing NDVI characteristics. The spectral reflectance and NDVI of paddy rice have a great effect on the growth condition. Considerably, NDVI was increased by developing muscle fiber tissue at the near infrared wavelength until the Booting stage. Then the NDVI increased until the Maturity stage and then decreased until harvest. The highest month was at July and the lower month was at March. The difference NDVI analysis using March and another months data was conducted, the results were provided information on the growth condition of crops.