• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.337-344
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of Sulgidduk with different ratios of sunflower seeds (0, 3, 6, 9, 12%), stored over 3days. As amount of sunflower seed content increased, moisture contents decreased $41{\sim}36%$. The L-value decreased with increasing seed content, while a- and b-values increased. Mechanical evaluation revealed that hardness was highest at 0% and lowest at 12% seed content during the storage period. Adhesiveness was highest at 0% seed content, decreasing with increasing seed content on the first day, while cohesiveness did not show significant differences with or without seed content. Springiness increased with increasing seed content, while gumminess and chewiness decreased with increasing seed content. Results of sensory evaluations showed that color and flavor increased with addition of sunflower seed, with softness, moistness, chewiness and overall-acceptability being highest at 6% seed content. In conclusion, results prove that Sulgidduk with 6% of sunflower seed content is the best.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.73-77
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• 1995

This study attempted to examine the sensory quality, color and moisture content of Ssooksulgis added with mugworts. In sensory quality, Ssooksulgis made by 100% rice flour added with 20% Mugworts showed the most favorite characteristics. In view of color, texture, after swallowing and overall quality, 10% Mugworts Ssooksulgis was preferable than those of other Ssooksulgis added 25% glutinous rice flour. Moisture contents was not different another reports. l-value on the control group which was not added mugworts was high, 86.78, 84.42 respectively.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.175-180
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• 1993

This study was attempted to examine the sensory quality, color and moisture content of Ssooksulgis added with Mugworts. In sensory quality, Ssooksulgis made by 100% rice flour added with 20% Mugworts showed the most favorite characteristics. In view of color, flavor, afterswallowing and overall quality, 10% Ssooksulgis was more preferable than those of other Ssooksulgis added 50% glutionus rice flour. Moisture contents was not different from other reports. L-value on the control group was high showing 86.78 and 85.81, respectively.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.569-575
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• 2008

The principal objective of this study was to determine the appropriate water content for optimal texture in high omega-3 fatty acid saury nuggets. The approach adopted in this study essentially involved variations in water levels(0{\sim}25%$). The main ingredients of the nuggets included saury mince, mild pizza cheese and hydrated textured soy protein concentrate. The formulated products were molded(dia. 4.5, thickness 1.5 cm, 20 g), battered lightly, flash-fried far 4 min at $160^{\circ}C$ and frozen until they were tested. The frozen nuggets were cooked to $65^{\circ}C$, then subjected to sensory evaluation, texture analysis at 80% deformation, and expressible fluid tests. The moisture contents in the nugget batter and the cooked nuggets were determined. In our sensory evaluation, nugget texture was adjudged the best in the nuggets prepared with a 20% water level(S5). The hardness and chewiness in the nuggets were reduced with increases in the water level. However, when the nuggets contain more than 15% water(S4, S5, S6), we noted no significant differences in the hardness values. The difference in moisture content between the uncooked nugget bat or and the cooked nugget was most profound in the nugget prepared with a water level 25%(S6). The nugget prepared with a water level 25% was also the highest in expressible fluids, and was also highest in internal moisture content. The texture preference of nuggets was correlated positively with moistness(r=0.881) and moisture content(r=0.827), and correlated negatively with firmness(r=-0.870) and cohesiveness(r=-0.839), and these correlations were significant.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.340-345
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• 2005

White bread with 1, 2, 3, 4 and $5\%$ Kimchi powder added and control samples were tested for moisture content, volume, height, color, free amino acid content, texture, and sensory characteristics. Moisture content was about $40.46\~41.35\%$ and increased according to the addition of Kimchi powder. Volume and height were increased with increasing Kimchi powder content For the crust and crumb color, lightness was decreased, but yellowness and redness were increased as Kimchi powder content increased For free amino acid content, glutamic acid, alanine, serine and leucine were detected in the white bread, and samples with higher content of kimchi powder showed higher amount of total free amino acid content From the sensory analysis, one with $3\%$ kimchi powder got the highest score for flavor, texture, color, moistness and overall acceptability.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.461-467
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• 1999

Sulgiduk is a typical Korean rice cake made by steaming rice powder with syrup and salt added. This study has measured moisture content, water activity, color, texture, and sensory evaluation of sulgiduk when persimmon leaves Powder was added. The material use\ulcorner was sulgiduk to which the 0% (C), l% (S$_1$), 2% (S$_2$), 3% (S$_3$), and 4% (S$_4$) of persimmon leaves powder were added. The moisture content of the raw rice powder for making sulgiduk was 32.40%, and that of the rice powder with syrup added was 37.97%-37.46%. The moisture content of the produced sulgiduk was 38.98%-37.93%, and the water activity was 0.97. In chromatic characteristics. the product had L value: of 73.86-59.16, a value of -2.86~-1.79 and b value: of 19.25-23.13. The texture charicteristics such as hardness, fracturability, gumminess, cohesiveness, chewiness and elasticity were not affected significantly by the persimmon leaves powder. In sensory evaluation. color, flavor, astringency, bitterness and overall quality were adversely affected with statistical significance(p＜001) by the addition of persimmon leaves. The juiciness and softness were also decreased as the persimmon leaves powder increased. In conclusion, it is recommended to add 1-2% of persimmon leaves powder to sulgiduk.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.514-520
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• 2012

This study examined the effects of various oils used in the preparation of goami baked Yackwa dough on the quality characteristics of goami baked Yackwa. To determine the optimal amount of oil for goami powder Yackwa dough, the hardness and moisture contents of both the flour and goami powder dough were measured. Dough hardness was the highest in flour Yackwa while moisture contents was the highest in goami Yackwa. Baked weight and dip syrup weight were heavier in flour. Hardness, a-values, and b-values were the highest in flour Yackwa, whereas moisture contents and L-values was the highest in goami Yackwa. In a sensory evaluation, overall preference was the highest for goami Yackwa and flour Yackwa made with 10% oil.

• 한국양식학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.239-243
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• 2008

A $3{\times}2$ factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the proper dietary protein and lipid levels for the growth of sub-adult flounder Paralichthys olivaceus reared during the summer season. Six experimental diets were formulated to contain three levels of protein (45%, 50% and 55%) and two levels of lipid (9% and 14%). Duplicate groups of fish (initial body weight of 298 g) were hand-fed to apparent satiation during the summer season ($21.8{\pm}1.7^{\circ}C$) for 60 days. Survival of each group was over 83% and there was not significant difference among all groups. Weight gain of fish fed the 45% protein diet with 14% lipid was not significantly different from that of fish fed the 50% and 55% protein diets with 9% and 14% lipids, but weight gain of fish fed the 45% protein diet with 9% lipid was significantly lower than that of fish fed the 55% protein diets with 14% lipid. Feed efficiency tended to increase with increasing dietary lipid level at each protein levels, although no significant differences were observed at 50% and 55% protein levels. Protein efficiency ratio, daily feed intake, condition factor and hepatosomatic index were not significantly affected by dietary protein and lipid levels. Crude lipid content of the liver tended to increase with increasing dietary lipid level at the same protein levels, but the opposite appearance was found for moisture content. The contents of moisture, crude protein and crude lipid of the dorsal muscle were not significantly affected by dietary protein and lipid levels. Based on data obtained form this study, inclusion of dietary protein at level of 45% appears sufficient to support optimal growth, and an increase of dietary lipid level from 9% to 14% has beneficial effects on feed utilization of sub-adult flounder during the summer season.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.360-366
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• 2011

This study examined the physiochemical and organoleptic properties of the yanggaeng fabricated with different contents of ginger powder. The moisture contents ranged between 39.85% and 47.92%. The yanggaeng made with 0.5 g of ginger powder showed the lowest moisture content of 37.04%, whereas the yanggaeng made with 1.5 g of ginger powder showed the highest moisture content of 47.92%. As for the L value, which indicates lightuess, the yanggaeng made with 1.5 g of ginger powder showed a L value of 13.92, whereas the yanggaeng made with 0.5 g showed the lowest L value of 12.35, (p<0.05). The values for redness (a value) ranged between 4.69 and 5.58, and there was no significant difference as the content of ginger powder increased. The value for yellowness, (b value) ranged between 3.19 and 2.33, and showed a significant decreasing trend as the ginger powder content increased (p<0.05). The sugar concentrations were 53.82~46.56, and decreased as the ginger content increased. The pH ranged between 6.42~6.52, and showed significant differences. As the ginger content increased, changes in hardness, adhesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness, were all significant (p<0.05). Characteristics of cohesiveness and springiness, showed no significant differences. Although there were no significant differences in color, flavor, chewiness, and hardness, there was a decreasing flavor preference as the content of ginger powder increased. There were significant differences in sweetness, moistness, and overall-preference (p<0.05). For overall-preference, the yanggaeng with 1.0 g of added ginger powder showed a high preference level. The study results implied that ginger powder may be used in fabricating yanggaeng. and a 0.5% content of added ginger powder will improve the preference level.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.222-228
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• 2000

The experiment was conducted to investigate the physico-chemical characteristics of vacuum and aerobically packed meat from Elk deer weighing 170 $\pm$ 10kg of 28 to 30 months old, chilled at 4$^{\circ}C$for 10days. The moisture content, crude protein, crude fat and crude ash in deer loin were 74.46%, 22.11%, 1.27% and 1.13%: the leg parts had 75.47%, 22.68%, 1.58% and 1.27%, respectively. The decrease in moisture content was greater in aerobic packaging than in vacuum packaging. The lysine content of loin and leg parts were 2,380mg% and 2,270mg% and the glutamate content of loin and leg parts were 4,145mg% and 3,987.5mg% respectively. On the whole, the loin contained more amino acids than leg part. Of the mineral contents, phosphorus, potassium and sodium were present in large amounts and mineral content was decreased with longer chilling period. The leg parts contained more potassium, sodium, phosphorus, zinc, magnesium and calcium than loin parts. In conclusion, vacuum packaging is considered more advantageous in preventing meat color change and microbial deterioration for consumers interest.