• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.947-956
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• 2012

This study aims to investigate both general dietary behaviors and clinical symptoms of diet related effects among fifth grade students at an elementary school in Ulsan Metropolitan City, and to categorize those relationships in terms of their comparative differences. The findings of this study are as follows. 1. Out of 694 students polled, 53.7% were of boys and 46.2% were girls with average age of $11.9{\pm}0.3$, average height of $145.1{\pm}6.8cm$, and average weight of $39.7{\pm}9.7kg$. Obesity in boys (5.5%) exceeded girls (3.9%) whereas children categorized as underweight showed girls (14.6%) slightly exceeded boys (10.4%). 2. Dietary behaviors were largely the result of four factors - unbalanced diet, balanced diet, protein and fruits and healthy dietary habits. Of these factors, protein and fruits ($4.04{\pm}1.03$) ranked first, balanced diet ($3.38{\pm}1.04$) second, healthy dietary habits ($3.04{\pm}1.01$) third and unbalanced diet ($2.23{\pm}0.6$) ranked last. 3. When Dietary behaviors were classified with four low ranking factors, they were divided into four types such as convenience (22.4%), good diet (24.7%), busy contemporary modern man (24.3%) and healthy dietary habits (26%). 4. Clinical symptoms include colds ($2.27{\pm}1.15$) followed by headaches ($2.17{\pm}1.19$), stomachaches ($2.16{\pm}1.15$), dizziness ($2.02{\pm}1.15$), atopic allergy ($1.95{\pm}1.30$), prevalence for cold sores ($1.86{\pm}1.07$), allergy ($1.65{\pm}1.05$), and constipation ($1.54{\pm}0.87$). 5. According to the results, clinical symptoms were divided into two groups - unhealthy (40.1%) and healthy (59.9%). 6. By analyzing the relationship between dietary behavior types and clinical symptom types, the convenience factor included slightly more of the unhealthy group (56.3%), whereas the good diet (71.1%), busy contemporary modern person (55.8%) and healthy dietary habits (69.7%) included more of healthy group (p<.001). Since the majority of students belonging to the unhealthy group had convenience dietary behavior, education about desirable dietary activities is needed for these students. In addition, nutrition information and information on possible clinical symptoms caused by nutritional imbalance should be provided for students and their households.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.111-122
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• 2016

This research was performed to investigate mother's influence on their children's dietary life. We surveyed 312 elementary school students and their mothers in kyungpook province, and analyzed the responses using SAS 8.0 statistical program. The results showed that mothers' consuming behavior of processed foods was closely related to their children's dietary life. In detail, mother's preference, eating frequency, positive recognition on processed foods negatively affect on their children's dietary habit and snacking behavior. Also, the children whose mother has higher preference on processed foods showed significantly higher preference on cereals(p<0.05), fast foods(p<0.001), and carbonated beverages(p<0.001). Interestingly, mother's influence was stronger on children's eating frequency than preference of processed foods. The children whose mother has higher preference and eating frequency of processed foods ate significantly less vegetables(p<0.001), milk products(p<0.05), and more cereals(p<0.001), noodles(p<0.001), confectionary(p<0.001), fast foods(p<0.01), carbonated beverages(p<0.01). These results show that mothers' consuming behavior of processed foods significantly influences on their children's dietary life, which suggests the importance of mother's reasonable consuming attitude and behavior on dietary life. To promote children's healthy dietary life, therefore, the education programs for parent and children should be developed and practically used at school.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.406-418
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• 2020

This study aimed to investigate the dietary guidelines from the dietitians and parents' perceptions in kindergarten. The survey was carried out by 39 dietitians and 320 parents in kindergarten of Sejong city from April 18 to May 14, 2019. Approximately, 48.6% of dietitians responded that the amount of food provided was adjusted according to the age and weight of the infant. Both dietitians and parents responded the most to 'to build the right eating habits' as the reason for dietary guidance. As a guiding method for infants who sneaked unpleasant food, 62.9% of dietitians responded 'teach them about the wrong behavior on the spot', and 63.7% of parents stated 'talk about wrong behavior later'. The necessity of linking the dietary guidance between kindergarten and the family was recognized by dietitians and parents. The most important content for the linkage of the dietary guidance was 'correct eating manners and attitude'. The biggest problem in the dietitian's dietary guidance was the guidance on an unbalanced diet. Our results indicated differences in the dietary guidance contents of dietitians' and parents' perception of importance. Apparently, it is considered essential to link kindergarten with the family to provide correct and effective guidance for children.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.42 no.6
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• pp.55-72
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• 2004

Alcohol has as much effect on our lives as the different taste for foods that people have all of the world. Recently, the interest about drinking habits has increased with the rise in health problems for college students with poor health related behavior. The purpose of this study was to evaluate alcohol consumption, smoking and eating behavior of college students in the Kyungsan area. This survey was administered through questionnaires, and the subjects were 177 male and 189 female college students. The self-administered questionnaire was composed of questions concerning social-demographic factors, general characteristics, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and eating behavior. The data were analyzed by $\chi$$^2$-test and t-test. According to the survey results, almost of all of the survey subjects drank alcohol. The mean alcohol consumption level per day for male students (33.9${\pm}$29.7g) were significantly higher than for the female students (18.5${\pm}$16.5g), and more than 39.6% of the subjects drank alcohol 1-3 days a week. Alcohol consumption changed the students eating habits. Most students had dietary problems such as fast eating, skipping meal and spending too much money on fast food. The survey about eating behavior of the students showed the male students had more problems when compared with female students. Alcohol consumption levels and alcohol dependence showed a significant positive correlation with smoking cigarettes (r=0.386, p＜0.001). The correlation coefficient between alcohol consumption and eating behavior was negatively correlated with skipping meals (r=-0.121, p＜0.001). However, there were significant and positive correlations with overeating when students were depressed (r=0.130, p＜0.05), with eating meals when watching TV or videos (r=0.085) and with spending money on fast food(r=0.235, p＜0.235). The results indicate that health related behaviors of college students in the present study were fairly good. More attention should be given to college students and their habits of skipping meal, alcohol drinking and smoking, and the fairly good students can act as a model for correct dietary behavior so as to improve overall student health.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.142-152
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• 2000

This study was conducted to investigate the life style and dietary factors in high-risk of vascular diseases among workers residing in Kyungbook province. The survey was carried out on March and April, 1997 The subjects of this study consisted of fifty men aged over 30 years who were diagnosed as hypercholesterolemia(＞240mg/$m\ell$) or hypertension(＞160/95mmHg). In contrast, fifty healthy men were participated in this study as a control group. General environmental factors, nutrition knowledge and food behavior were investigated by questionaires through direct interviews with the subjects. Alcohol intake and smoking level of the subjects tended to be higher than those of the control, but not significantly different. Nutrition knowledge and food behavior scores of high-risk group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The smoking amount of subjects was negatively correlated with blood glucose and BMI. Alcohol consumption of subjects appeared to have a positive correlation with systolic blood pressure and BMI. The relationship of food behavior score with BMI and blood glucose were negatively correlated. Nutrition knowledge score showed a negative correlation with total cholesterol, blood glucose level, BMI and systolic blood pressure. These results suggest that efficient nutrition education programs need to be developed to prevent the cardiovascular diseases of workers.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.204-213
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the dietary behavior of children according to their preference for fast food. The study was carried out on 470, 6th grade students (boys : 236, girls : 234) in September, 2002. The results are summarized as follows : The mean body mass index was 18.72 kg/$m^2$ for boys and 17.76 kg/$m^2$ $^2$ for girls. The subjective health disorder symptoms for the group preferring fast food was not significantly different than that of the other groups. The group preferring fast food consumed an inadequate volume of food, and they had an irregular and unbalanced diet. Their intake of green vegetables, vegetables, protein foods, and seaweed was significantly lower than that of the other groups. The food habit score for the group preferring fast food was lower than that of the other groups, and they had irregular meal times and had unbalanced diets. The group preferring fast food had a preference for sweet tastes, whilst members of the other group preferred a savory taste. The first choice for fast food by the group preferring fast food was hamburgers, the reason being that it tasted good. Results show that children who have a preference for fast food need to correct their dietary behavior. As a result, proper nutritional education and intervention is required in order to improve the consuming habits of children and their preference for fast food.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

Adolescents grow rapidly and have lots of schoolwork for entrance examination, so good nutrition is very important to them. However, adolescents tend to have a poor dietary behavior including frequent consumption of empty calorie foods and skipping breakfast. In particular, frequency of drinking milk has been low among Korean adolescents, thus their dietary calcium intakes has been low. Undesirable dietary behavior of adolescents is a risk factor for poor nutrition, obesity and chronic disease of them. Milk is a good source for calcium, high quality of protein, vitamin and bioactive compounds including anti-obesity component, thus it has been reported that milk helps improvement of dietary nutrient adequacy and physical growth, increment of bone mineral density, and prevention of obesity and chronic diseases. Therefore, milk consumption of adolescents should be encouraged in order to help their nutritional status, physical growth and health.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.147-155
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate 192 female college students in Seoul area in order to know their dietary behavior regarding weight control, awareness of body image and weight, methods of weight control, meal volume, eating rate, frequency of eating, health score and nutritional knowledge score. Obesity was determined using body mass indes(BMI=Wt/Ht$^2$). The finding revealed that the average BMI was 19.7$\pm$ 1.94 Subjects were divided into 3 groups according to body image : lean group, moderate group and obese group, respectively. The results of this study are summarized as follows : 1) 48.9% of subjects thought they were obese, however their BMI was 20.9 2) 56.1% of subjects anted to attend a weight control program and the sources of information concerning weight control were newspapers and magazines, TV and radio in that order. 3) There were no significant difference among groups in the meal volume, frequency of eating and health score. 4) There were significant differences among groups in the eating rate and nutritional knowledge score. These results suggest that an accurate self perception of their bodies, and nutritional education are important for female college students.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.102-113
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship among dietary behavior, meal balance, and clinical symptoms related nutritional status and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) in preschool children. The survey was conducted using questionnaires and the subjects were 3~6 years old preschool children in Samcheok. Subjects were divided into an ADHD dispositions group(n=88) and a normal group(n=129) based on assessments conducted by the children's mother using the Abbreviated Conners's Parent Rating Scale. There was no significant difference in meal frequency, meal speed, meal regularity or meal balance between children with ADHD dispositions and the normal groups. The ADHD disposition group had a higher proportion of children with picky eating(p<0.05), too much snacking(p<0.05) and over eating (p=0.05) habits than the normal group. In addition, the ADHD dispositions group had a higher frequency of clinical symptoms such as 'breathlessness when going up stairs', 'sleeplessness', 'anxiety' and 'tiredness'. Overall, there was a significant relationship between ADHD disposition and dietary problems and clinical symptoms related to poor nutritional status in preschool children. Therefore, to prevent and treat ADHD in preschool children, proper dietary management such as correcting of picky eating, over snacking and overeating is needed.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.337-349
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyse the relationship between eating behaviour and healthy dietary competency of single and multi-person households, to improve healthy eating behavior. Methods: This study was conducted on 6,355 adult household members who participated in the Food Consumption Behavior Survey 2020. The subjects were divided into age groups comprising young people in their 20s and 30s, middle-aged people in their 40s and 50s, and the elderly in their 60s and above. The eating behavior and healthy dietary competency of single-person and multi-person households were then analyzed. Results: The average age of the members in the single-person households was found to be higher. Single-person households were also found to have a lower marriage rate and lower monthly household income than multi-person households across the age groups of young, middle-aged, and elderly people (P < 0.05). Among each of the age groups, single-person households had significantly higher rates of skipping breakfast and eating breakfast, lunch, and dinner alone than multi-person households (P < 0.05). Young single-person households had lower average scores on healthy dietary competency than multi-person households (P = 0.032). When adjusted for age, gender, marriage, education, occupation, and household income, single-person households had a higher risk of delivery/take-out, eating out, or skipping meals compared to multi-person households (P < 0.05). In multi-person households, the risk of skipping meals, eating alone, eating out, or delivery/take-out decreased as healthy dietary competency improved (P < 0.05). On the other hand, in single-person households, as healthy dietary competency increased, the risk of delivery/take-out or eating alone decreased (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that healthy dietary competency and eating practices can be improved by providing customized dietary education by age group for single and multi-person households.