• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.27-31
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• 2007

The number of vehicles employing diesel engines is rapidly rising. Accompanying this trend, application of an after-treatment system is strictly required as a result of reinforced exhaust regulations. The Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) system is considered as the most efficient method to reduce particulate matter (PM), but the improvement of a regeneration performance at any engine operation point presents a considerable challenge by itself. Therefore, the present study evaluates the effect of fuel injection characteristics on regeneration performance in a DOC and a catalyzed CR-DPF system. The temperature distribution on the rear surface of the DOC and the exhaust gas emission were analyzed in accordance with fuel injection strategies and engine operating conditions. A temperature increase more than BPT of DPF system was obtained with a small amount fuel injection although the exhaust gas temperature was low and flow rate was high. This increase of temperature at the DPF inlet cause PM to oxidize completely by oxygen. In the case of multi-step injection, the abrupt temperature changes of DOC inlet didn't occur and THC slip also could not be observed. However, in the case of pulse type injection, the abrupt injection of much fuel results in the decrease of DOC inlet temperatures and the instantaneous slip of THC was observed.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.457-464
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• 2009

디젤 엔진 매연 필터의 입구부와 배출 가스 배출을 위한 배기관 연결을 직선 또는 곡선으로 형태로 연결하였을 때의 DPF 입구 유속 분포를 $STAR-CD^{(R)}$ 전산해석 프로그램을 사용하여 시뮬레이션하였다. 곡관의 형상을 나타내는 3 종류의 수치해석 용 격자 모델을 사용하여 DPF 입구에서의 유속 분포를 시뮬레이션 하였다. 피토관을 2차원 이송장치에 탑재하고 위치를 이동시키며 측정한 유속 분포와 동일한 조건에서 시뮬레이션한 결과와 비교하였다. DPF 입구와 $90^{\circ}$의 곡관이 연결된 조건에서 CFD 해석을 수행한 결과 입구 단면에서의 유속 분포가 말발굽 형태를 나타내었으며 최대 유속값이 DPF 중심축에서 약간 벗어난 위치에서 나타나고 있다. 이러한 CFD 해석결과는 실험 결과와 비교적 잘 일치하였다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2006

Prediction of diesel particulate filtration is typically made by virtue of modeling of particulate matter(PM) collection. The model is closed with filtration parameters reflecting all small scale phenomena associated with PM trapping, and these parameters are to be traced back by inversely analyzing large-scale empirical data-the pressure drop histories. Included are soot cake permeability, soot cake density, soot density in the porous filter wall, and percolation constant. In the present study, a series of single channel DPF experiment is conducted, pressure histories are inversely analyzed, and the essential filtration parameters are deducted by DPF filtration model formulated with non-linear description of soot cake regression. Sensitivity analyses of model parameters are also made. Results showed that filtration transients are significantly altered by the extent of percolation constant, and the soot density in the porous filter wall is controlling the filtration qualities in deep-bed filtration regime. In addition, effect of soot particle size on filtration quality is distinct in a period of soot cake regime.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.318-323
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• 2009

The oil characteristics and wear particles of Diesel engines with a DPF have been investigated as a function of a driving distance. The engine oil of SAE 5W30 with ACEA C3 is used for an oil film lubrication of the engine, which is equipped with Diesel particulate filter. Depending on the oil test results, the kinematic viscosity of used engine oils at 40 is degraded up to 5.1% compared with that of unused engine oils, SAE 5W30. And the kinematic viscosity of used engine oils at 100 is more degraded up to 8.1% compared with that of unused engine oils. The oil characteristic as a function of a mileage is not changed depending on the driving distance because of high quality of engine oils. But the aluminum and copper compounds, which are used as base materials of the engine bearing and a pin bush, are much worn and contaminated for the increased mileage of the car. The oil properties of used engine oils are relatively good except phosphorus and calcium additives, which are heavily engaged in the performance of the oils.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2013

In this work, the 1L grade integrated metal DOC/DPF filter that can install in engine manifold position was developed to investigate the effect of platinum-coating amount of filter on the improvement of filter activation temperature and reduction of particulate matter (PM). This filter was installed in 2.9L CI engine which meets the EURO-4 emission regulation. Tests for PM reduction efficiency of filter were conducted under ND-13 mode with full-load test condition. It was revealed that the time to reach the activation temperature of metal filter ($280^{\circ}C$) was shorter as the amount of platinum-coating increased. This short activation time can be helpful for the reduction of CO and HC emissions during cold start condition. At the same time, PM reduced as the coating amount increased. The reduction percentage of $DOC_{40}$, $DOC_{20}$, and $DOC_0$ were 96.7% (2.34 mg/kW'h), 95.1% (3.47 mg/kW'h), and 94.5% (3.69 mg/kW'h) compared to previous result (71.4 mg/kW'h), respectively.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.278-284
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• 2006

가솔린 엔진에 비하여 디젤 엔진은 효율성, 신뢰성, 내구성 측면에서 우수한 특성을 보유하고 있다. 그러나, 디젤 엔진의 최대 약점은 카본기 물질로 알려진 분진(PM)의 방출이다. 최근 엔진 제어와 후처리를 통하여 엄격한 규제 조항에 부합하는 커다란 기술적 발전을 이룩하였다. 보다 엄격하게 진행되고 있는 환경규제를 대응하기 위하여, 본 연구에서는 배기가스 온도 증대를 통한 PM 저감 방안에 초점을 맞추었다. PM 재생 온도를 증대시키기 위하여, DPF 필터와 DOC 전방에 HC를 분사하는 방안을 제안하였다. 본 연구를 통하여, 우리는 LPG 분사 특성을 파악할 수 있는 벤치를 제작하고 관련 DB를 구축하여 LPG 분사 최적화와 ECU 제어 로직을 정량화 할 수 있었다.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.151-158
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• 2007

Filtration studies, using simulated test nanoparticles or diesel nanoparticles, have been performed about Inconel foam filters for DPF combined with electrostatic precipitation. The simulated test particles were synthesized by laser ablation in the nitrogen atmosphere at the standard condition. The diesel particles were exhausted from the diesel engine driven on the condition of idle or load mode. Filtration efficiency of the metal foam filter is very low because most of particles are penetrated through the large pores of filter. However, the efficiency was considerably improved by applying the electric field to the filter and/or charging the nanoparticles. Nevertheless, the pressure drop of filter hardly increased because the filter-pores were not clogged by deposited particles and kept open.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2008

디젤엔진 배기가스 저감 장치의 세라믹 필터 재생 특성을 파악하는데 있어서 중요한 인자인 세라믹 필터 내의 온도 분포를 30군데에서 측정하였다. 세라믹 필터 내의 온도 분포에 적합하도록 제작한 K-형 열전대를 사용하여 측정하였다. 5개로 구성된 분할형 전기히터를 장착하고 중심부 전기히터부터 차례로 돌아가면서 ON/OFF 제어를 하면서 세라믹 필터 내의 온도를 측정하였다. 또한 공기 공급 유량을 변화 시키면서 분할형 전기히터의 ON/OFF 제어가 세라믹 필터 내의 온도 분포 특성에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 세라믹 필터 내의 온도가 균일한 분포를 가지려면 배기가스저감 장치 입구에서의 유속 분포가 균일한 경우가 유리하였다. 분할형 히터간의 가열 능력 편차에 의해 세라믹 필터 내의 온도 분포도 큰 영향을 받았다.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2002

There is Increasing world-wide interest in diesel particulate filters (DPF) because of their proven effectiveness in reducing exhaust smoke and particulate emissions. Fine particulates have been linked to human health . DPF use requires a means to secure the bum-out of the accumulated soot, a process called regeneration. If this is not achieved, the engine cannot continue to operate. A number of techniques are available, but most are complex, expensive or have a high electrical demand. The use of fuel additives to catalyse soot bum-out potentially solves the problem of securing regeneration reliably and at low cost. Work on organo-metallic fuel additives has shown that certain metals combine to glove exceptional regeneration performance. Best performance was achieved with a combination of iron and strontium based compounds. Tests were carried out un a bed engine and on road vehicles, which demonstrated effective and reliable regeneration from a tow dose fuel additive, using a single passive DPF. No control valves, flow diverters. heaters or other devices were employed to assist regeneration. Independent particle size measurements showed that there were no harmful side effects from the use of the iron-strontium fuel additive.

• 오토저널
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.54-60
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• 1988

This study is a theoretical analysis and experimental effect of oxygen concentration, exhaust velocity and trap inlet temperature on particulate ignition temperature with installation of ceramic filter trap in diesel engine. So the following results are obtained. 1, Based on the fundamental experiments of the regeneration process, the analytical model was developed and the results from the analytical model agreed with the experiments, then the validity of the model was proved. 2, The ignition temperature for accumulated particulate was proportional to the exhaust velocity and it was known that the optimum exhaust velocity was about 15m/sec. 3, The ignition temperature for accumulated particulate was inversely proportional to the oxygen concentration and the trap inlet temperature, and a minimum oxygen concentration of 5% was required to sustain regeneration. 4, This experimental filter trap(EX-66) is found about 30% of smoke reduction efficiency in comparison with existing muffler.