• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.21
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• pp.9077-9083
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• 2014

Background: This study aimed to summarize the potential diagnostic value of serum DKK1 levels in cancer detection. Materials and Methods: Serum DKK1 was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in a case-control study. Then we performed a meta-analysis and the pooled sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic odds ratio, and summary receiver operating characteristic (sROC) curves were used to evaluate the overall test performance. Results: Serum DKK1 levels were found to be significantly upregulated in gastric cancer as compared to controls. ROC curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.636, indicating the test has the potential to diagnose cancer with poor accuracy. The summary estimates of the pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio in meta-analysis were 0.55 with a 95% confidence interval (CI) (0.53-0.57), 0.86 (95%CI, 0.84-0.88) and 12.25 (95%CI, 5.31-28.28), respectively. The area under the sROC was 0.85. Subgroup analysis revealed that the diagnostic accuracy of serum DKK1 in lung cancer (sensitivity: 0.69 with 95%CI, 0.66-0.74; specificity: 0.95 with 95%CI, 0.92-0.97; diagnostic odds ratio: 44.93 with 95%CI, 26.19-77.08) was significantly higher than for any other cancer. Conclusions: Serum DKK1 might be useful as a noninvasive method for confirmation of cancer diagnosis, particularly in the case of lung cancer.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.18
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• pp.7583-7588
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• 2014

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of cancer-related death and cancer-related incidence worldwide. The potential of microRNA-21 (miR-21) as a biomarker for CRC detection has been studied in several studies. However, the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted the present meta-analysis to systematically assess the diagnostic value of miR-21 for CRC. Materials and Methods: Using a random-effect model, the pooled sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated to evaluate the diagnostic performance of miR-21 for CRC. A summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and an area under the curve (AUC) were also generated to assess the diagnosis accuracy of miR-21 for CRC. Q test and I2 statistics were used to assess between-study heterogeneity. Publication bias was evaluated by the Deeks' funnel plot asymmetry test. Results: A total of 986 CRC patients and 702 matched healthy controls from 8 studies were involved in the meta-analysis. The pooled results for SEN, SPE, PLR, NLR, DOR, and AUC were 57% (95%CI: 39%-74%), 87% (95%CI: 78%-93%), 4.4 (95%CI: 2.4-8.0), 0.49 (95%CI: 0.32-0.74), 9 (95%CI: 4-22), and 0.83 (95%CI: 0.79-0.86), respectively. Subgroup analyses further suggested that blood-based studies showed a better diagnostic accuracy compared with feces-based studies, indicating that blood may be a better matrix for miR-21 assay and CRC detection. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that miR-21 has a potential diagnostic value for CRC with a moderate level of overall diagnostic accuracy. Hence, it could be used as auxiliary means for the initial screening of CRC and avoid unnecessary colonoscopy, which is an invasive and expensive procedure.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.4699-4704
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• 2013

Background: MicroRNAs have been demonstrated to play important roles in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Several studies utilizing microRNAs as diagnostic biomarkers for colorectal cancer (CRC) have been reported. The aim of this meta-analysis was to comprehensively and quantitatively summarize the diagnostic value of microRNAs for detecting colorectal cancer. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase and Cochrane Library for published studies that used microRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer. Summary estimates for sensitivity, specificity and other measures of accuracy of microRNAs in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer were calculated using the bivariate random effects model. A summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was also generated to summarize the overall effectiveness of the test. Result: Thirteen studies from twelve published articles met the inclusion criteria and were included. The overall sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio and diagnostic odd ratio of microRNAs for the diagnosis of colorectal cancer were 0.81 (95%CI: 0.79-0.84), 0.78 (95%CI: 0.75-0.82), 4.14 (95%CI: 2.90-5.92), 0.24 (95%CI: 0.19-0.30), and 19.2 (95%CI: 11.7-31.5), respectively. The area under the SROC curve was 0.89. Conclusions: The current evidence suggests that the microRNAs test might not be used alone as a screening tool for CRC. Combining microRNAs testing with other conventional tests such as FOBT may improve the diagnostic accuracy for detecting CRC.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1447-1452
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• 2012

Aim: To evaluate the differential diagnostic potential of lesion stiffness assessed by the sonoelastographic strain index ratio (SR) and elastographic color scoring system (UE) for breast lesions. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and forty two breast masses (158 benign and 184 malignant) from 325 consecutive patients (mean age 44.2 years; range 16-81)who had been scheduled for a sonographically guided core biopsy were examined proposed by Itoh et al, with scoring 1-3=benign and 4-5=malignant. Strain and area ratios of each lesion were calculated within the same machine. Histological diagnosis was used as the reference standard. The area under the curve (AUC) and cut-off point were obtained by receiver operating curve and the cross table Fischer Test was carried out for assessing diagnostic value. Sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, accuracy and false-discovery rates were compared. Results: The mean strain ratios for benign and malignant lesions were 1.87 and 7.9 respectively. (P<0.0001). When a cutoff point of 3.54 was used, SR had a sensitivity of 94.6%, a specificity 94.3%, a PPV of 95.1%, an NPV of 93.7% and an accuracy of 94.4%. The AUC values were 0.90 for the 5 point scoring system (UE) and 0.96 for the strain index ratio. The overall diagnostic performance was SR method was better (P<0.05). Conclusions: Strain ratio measurement could be another effective predictor in elastography imaging besides 5 the point scoring system for differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.34 no.7C
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• pp.671-680
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• 2009

The diagnostic medical images(CT, MRI) in PACS require large storage and long transmission time. A simple and cheap way of overcoming these limitations is to increase the compression ratio. However, this requires a clinical validation for accurate diagnostic applications. The aim of this paper is to improve the compression efficiency of lossless JPEG2000 for diagnostic CT images by performing a visual-Iossless threshold filtering in high frequency subband. A proposed method, based on 5/3 reversible DWT, provides different subband-threshold values according to the compression ratio and gives the high subjective quality to reconstructed diagnostic CT images.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

Objectives : The 7-zone-diagnostic system is a device for predetermining bodily locations by measuring the energy of the living body. The purpose of this study is to examine correlations between gastroscopy results and zone-5 data from the 7-zone-diagnostic system. Methods : This study was carried out with data from gastroscopy procedures. It involved 115 patients who had been diagnosed with gastritis, esophagitis, or gastric ulcers. These patients were divided into three groups according to the different patterns of zone-5 factors AA, FL2 and FL1. Group A was made up of patients for whom the red bar graph of zone-5 was higher than the normal range for factor AA. Group B was made up of patients for whom the red bar graph of zone-5 was within the normal range for factor AA. Group C was made up of patients for whom the red bar graph of zone-5 was lower than the normal range for factor AA. Group D E and F were made up of same way as group A B and C for factor FL2. Group G H and I were made up of same way as group A B and C for factor FL1. After the collection of gastroscopy results and data on zone-5 from the 7-zone-diagnostic system, the data was analyzed statistically. Results : 1. Group D had a higher ratio of medication than group E, and this result was statistically significant. 2. Group D G had a higher ratio of medication than group E G and group E H, and this result was statistically significant. 3. Group G had a higher ratio of esophagitis than group H, and this result was statistically significant. 4. A Group B H had a higher ratio of esophagitis than group B G, group C G, and group C H, and this result was statistically significant. 5. The medication group had a high score on the function index than the non-medication group, and this result was statistically significant. Conclusions : This study suggests that there is a slight correlation between gastroscopy results and zone-5 data from the 7-zone-diagnostic system. The research resulted in significant data that are helpful for diagnosing digestive system problems through the use of the 7-zone-diagnostic system.

• Proceedings of the KSMRM Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.172-172
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• 2001

Purpose： To evaluate compensatory change of opposite hippocampus after temporal lobe surgery in th patient with temporal lobe epilepsy by using single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy. Method： Eighteen patients with intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) whose MR diagnos was unilateral hippocampal sclerosis (n=11) or localized unilateral anterior temporal lobe lesio (n=7) and who underwent anterior temporal lobectomy were included in the study. Singl proton MRS of opposite hippocampus was carried out on the same day or within 1 week af MR imaging before temporal lobe surgery and after over 1-year post-surgical follow-u Single voxel proton MRS were acquired using GE signa 1.5T scanner and spectrosco system (TR, 1500-2, 000： TE, 136-144). Region of interest (ROI) was placed in a simitar position for all examination to cover the medial temporal lobes including most of the head an body of hippocampus and a part of amygdala, the parahippocampal gyrus. The MR spectr were evaluated with a focus on the metabolite ratio of N-acetylaspartate (NAA choline-containing phospholipids (Cho), creatine (Cr). The metabolite ratios of NAA/ Cr were calculated from the relative peak height measurement. We evaluated change of th intensity ratio NAA/Cr between before and after surgery, to simplify quantification acro patients, because observed decreases in the ratio of NAA/Cr can be interpreted in terms o neuronal or axonal damage.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.273-277
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• 2013

This study was performed to compare clinical and diagnostic imaging features between asymptomatic and symptomatic extrahepatic portosystemic shunts in dogs. The data of thirty patients diagnosed with extrahepatic PSS by multi-detector CT were reviewed, and the dogs were divided into asymptomatic (9/30) and symptomatic (21/30) groups. Signalments, hematologic results, liver size, morphologic classifications and main portal vein to abdominal aortic ratio (PV/AO) at the porta hepatis level from CT images were evaluated in two groups. Shih-tzu (5/9) was the most frequent breed in asymptomatic group, and various breeds were presented in symptomatic group. Mean age of asymptomatic group ($9.2{\pm}3.2$ years) was significantly higher than that of symptomatic group ($4.5{\pm}3.2$ years). The most morphologic form of shunt vessel was the splenophrenic shunt (16/30). PV/AO of asymptomatic group ($1.1{\pm}0.19$) was significantly higher than the values of symptomatic group ($0.55{\pm}0.19$). Clinical signs, hematologic results and diagnostic imaging findings of asymptomatic PSS are too nonspecific to suspect PSS. Therefore, considering of patient's age and CT examination with application of PV/AO ratio could be useful for the diagnosis of asymptomatic PSS.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.777-784
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• 2022

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.5517-5523
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• 2012

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonograph and fine-needle aspiration cytologic examination (USG-FNAC) in the staging of axillary lymph node metastasis in breast cancer patients.Methods: We conducted an electronic search of the literature addressing the performance of USG-FNAC in diagnosis of axillary lymph node metastasis in databases such as Pubmed, Medline, Embase, Ovid and Cochrane library. We introduced a series of diagnostic test indices to evaluate the performance of USG-FNAC by the random effect model (REM), including sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratios and area under the curve (AUC). Results: A total of 20 studies including 1371 cases and 1289 controls were identified. The pooled sensitivity was determined to be 0.66 (95% CI 0.64-0.69), specificity 0.98 (95% CI 0.98-0.99), positive likelihood ratio 22.7 (95% CI 15.0-34.49), negative likelihood ratio 0.32 (95% CI 0.25-0.41), diagnostic OR 84.2 (95% CI 53.3-133.0). Due to the marginal threshold effect found in some indices of diagnostic validity, we used a summary SROC curve to aggregate data, and obtained a symmetrical curve with an AUC of 0.942. Conclusion: The results of this meta-analysis indicated that the USG-FNAC techniques have acceptable diagnostic validity indices and can be used for early staging of axillary lymph node in breast cancer patients.