• The Journal of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.1 s.69
• /
• pp.237-248
• /
• 2007

Objectives : Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. Etiological studies of diabetes and its complications showed that oxidative stress might play a major role. Therefore, many efforts have been tried to regulate free oxygen radicals for treating diabetes and its complications. Iksujisundan has been known to be effective for the treatment of diabetes. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Iksujisundan on renal function, peroxynitrite(ONOO-) scavenging activity and polyol pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods : The crushed Iksujisundan was extracted 3 times, each time with 3 volumes of methyl alcohol at 60$^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The extract was filtered and evaporated under a reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator to yield 87.8g. Iksujisundan extract was orally administreted at 100 mg per 1 kg of body weight for 20 days to the diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin(60mg/kg). The effects of Iksujisundan extract on the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were observed by measuring the serum level of glucose, insulin, lipid components, creatinine and BUN, and also the kidney levels of superoxide anion radical(${\cdot}$O2-), nitric oxide(NO) and ONOO-, and also the enzyme activities involved in the polyol pathway. Results : The effects of Iksujisundan on the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with regards to body weight, blood glucose and indulin levels, creatinine and BUN levels, total cholesterol and triglyceride lavels, and HDL-cholesterol levels were all shown to be good enough to prevent and cure the diabetes and its complications. Iksujisundan inhibited the generation of ${\cdot}$O2-,NO and ONOO- in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Renal aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were increased in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were reversed toward natural activities. Conclusions : Iksujisundan might inhibit the development of diabetes and its complications by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, thereby by reducing oxidative stresses and also by regulating the activities of polyol pathway enzymes, all of which could help to recover kidney function.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.389-399
• /
• 2021

This study is the quasi-experimental research of nonequivalent groups and is designed to investigate the effects of an aquatic exercise program with diabetes self management education on the self care efficacy, self care behaviors in diabetic patients in community. The subjects of this study were 26 patients in the experimental group who participated in the aquatic exercise program and 25 patients in the control group who did not paricipated in. And they were registered at the W Health Clinic in D city. The aquatic exercise program was conducted twice a week for 80 minutes, and consisted of a 30 minutes diabetes self management education and a 50 minutes aquatic exercise. After this program, there were significant differences in FBS(p=.047), HbA1c(p<.001), diabetes self efficacy(p<.001), and self care behaviors(p<.001). In order to reduce the prevalence of diabetes and prevent complications in the community, it is believed that the constant operation of aquatic exercise programs including self management education is necessary.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.33-38
• /
• 2014

Background: Diabetes is accompanied by complications. One of the chronic complications, diabetic retinopathy is the most common cause of the loss of eyesight and thus has enormous impacts on the quality of life to the patients. It has been reported that thorough glucose regulation can prevent or postpone the outset of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients and that the patients who received anti-diabetic manage & care education would be capable of more thorough glucose-level regulation than those who did not. Method: This study set out to investigate the current state of education on anti-diabetic manage & care in South Korea and connections between anti-diabetic manage & care education and occurrence of diabetic retinopathy in diabetic patients based on the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 2011. Results: Of the 410 diabetes patients, 74 received anti-diabetic manage & care education, which means that only 15% of diabetic patients benefited from the education in the nation. The occurrence rate of diabetic retinopathy was 28% in the education group and 24% in the non-education group with no significant differences between them. The anti-diabetic manage & care education group recorded a higher occurrence rate of diabetic retinopathy, one of the chronic diabetic complications, than the non-education group contrary to the hypothesis. One of the reasons was that the educated group had a significantly longer duration of diabetes and significantly higher HbA1c than the noneducated group, which indicates that anti-diabetic manage & care education is provided to those who have progressed farther along the course of diabetes instead of the early stage and cannot regulate their glucose-level well in the nation. Conclusion: Those findings raise a need for active educational policies in order to provide anti-diabetic manage & care education under the goals of preventing complications through anti-diabetic education for many patients in early stages of diabetes.

• Herbal Formula Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.215-230
• /
• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bojungikgitang(補中益氣湯), Soeumin bojungikgitang(少陰人 補中益氣湯) and its component groups on diabetes in alloxan induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing $200{\pm}10\;gm$ were randomly assigned to one normal, one control and five experimental groups. The experimental groups was classified into to Bojungikgitang(B1 group), Soeumin bojungikgitang(B2 group), Bogihyulyak(B0 group), Siho-sengma(B1+ group) and Gwakhyang- soyeup(B2+ group). Diabetes was experimentally induced by abdomenal injection of 100 mg/kg of body weight of alloxan. Animals were sacrificed at the 6th day and 11th day of diabetic states. The results were obtained as follows: In carbohydrate metabolism, the level of glucose in control group was three-fold higher after alloxan injection than that of normal group. In B1, B2 groups the level of glucose was decreased by 39% and 43% compared with that of control group, and in component groups it was decreased by 73%, 81%, and 80% respectively. In fat metabolism, the level of triglyceride and total cholesterol in serum were lower in B1 and B2 groups with high significant difference and had similar tendency in components groups compared with that of control group. The level of HDL cholesterol on serum were increased in B1 and B2 group with significant difference. And in component group it had similar tendency compared with that of control group. In protein metabolism, the level of total protein and albumin were higher in B1 and B2 group with significant difference, and in component group also increased but with no significancy compared with control group. In kidney function, the level of creatinine group with significant difference, and other compared with control group. In liver function, the level of GOT, GPT, ${\gamma}$-GTP. ALP and bilirubin were lower in B1 and B2 group with significant difference, and in component had similar tendency compared with control group. But in the level of LDH, it was decreased with no significancy. These results indicate that Bojungikgitang(補中益氣湯), Soeumin bojungikgitang(少陰人 補中益氣湯) has strong effect on diabetes and it is useful to prevent diabetes, and in component groups the difference between B1+ and B2+ group was not significant.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.671-678
• /
• 2007

Diabetes is a disease in which the body does not produce or properly use insulin. Etiological studies of diabetes and its complications showed that oxidative stress might play a major role. Therefore, many efforts have been tried to regulate free oxygen radicals for treating diabetes and its complications. Gamigukihwandong-hwan has been known to be effective for the treatment of diabetes. The present study was carried out to investigate the effect of Gamigukihwandong-hwan on renal function, peroxynitrite (ONOO$^-$) scavenging activity and polyol pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The crushed Gamigukihwandong-hwan was extracted 3 times, each time with 3 volumes of methyl alcohol at 60$^{\circ}C$ for 24 h. The extract was filtered and evaporated under a reduced pressure using a rotary evaporator to yield 74.95 g. Gamigukihwandong-hwan extract was oral-administered 100 mg per 1 kg of body weight for 20 days to the diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The effects of Gamigukihwandong-hwan extract on the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were observed by measuring the serum level of glucose, insulin, lipid components, creatinine and BUN, and also the kidney levels of superoxide anion radical (${\cdot}O_2^-$), nitric oxide (NO) and ONOO$^-$, and also the enzyme activities involved in polyol pathway. The Effects of Gamigukihwandong-hwan on the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with regards to body weight, blood glucose and insulin levels, creatinine and BUN levels, total cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and HDL-cholesterol levels were all shown to be good enough to cure and prevent the diabetes and its complications. Gamigukihwandong-hwan inhibited the generation of ${\cdot}O_2^-$, NO and ONOO$^-$ in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Renal aldose reductase and sorbitol dehydrogenase activities were increased in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, whereas the ones in the Gamigukihwandong-hwan administered group among the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were reversed toward the natural activities. Gamigukihwandong-hwan might inhibit the development of diabetic nephropathy by scavenging reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, thereby by reducing oxidative stresses and also by regulating the activities of polyol pathway enzymes, all of which could help to recover the function of kidney.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.682-688
• /
• 1997

This study was performed to investigate whether ascorbic acid can modulate the induction of CYP2E1 and prevent the lipid peroxidation which may cause diabetic chronic complication. Diabetes was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin to 5-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats(150~170g). Normal and diabetic group was randomly divided into three groups each; Control(CON, no supplementation), SUP1 (50mg/d ascorbate supplementation) and SUP2(250mg/d ascorbate supplementation). Ascobic acid was prepared daily by dissolving in drinking water and supplied for 4 weeks. There was no difference in hepatic microsomal and mitochondrial P450 contents between normal and diabetes. Hepatic microsomal N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA) demethylase activity, which repre-sents contents of CYP2E1, was elevated in diabetes, but not significantly. The NDMA demethylase activity of diabetic SUP2 group was significantly lower activity than that of the diabetic CON group. However, no difference in hepatic mitochondrial NDMA demethylase activity was observed between the diabetes and the normal group. The result suggests that the induction of CYP2E1 in diabetes can be alleviated by ascorbic acid supplementation at the dose of 50mg1d. In addition, ascorbic acid supplementation showed dose-dependent reduction of hepatic microsomal TBARS contents in diabetic rats.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2018.05a
• /
• pp.275-278
• /
• 2018

As the population ages socially and the diet of people becomes westernized, the incidence of chronic diseases is increasing due to irregular lifestyle. Chronic diseases can be prevented and improved with just regular lifestyle and diet. Most of the recently released diet management mobile applications are aimed at obesity management and diet, and applications that aim to prevent or improve chronic diseases are hard to find. In this paper, we develop a web service that identifies diabetes most frequently encountered among chronic diseases, and implements a chatbot service that helps diabetes management by using Chatscript.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• v.29 no.3
• /
• pp.256-264
• /
• 2006

Salicornia herbacea L. (Chenopodiaceae) has been used as a seasoned vegetable by living in coastal areas. S. herbacea (SH) has been demonstrated to stimulate cytokine production, nitric oxide release, and to show anti-oxidative effect. In a series of investigations to develop potential anti-diabetic and/or anti-hyperlipidemic agents from Korean indigenous plants, 50% ethanol extract of Salicornia herbacea was found to prevent the onset of the hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia induced by high fat diet in ICR mice. At 6 week old, the ICR mice were randomly divided into five groups; two control and three treatment groups. The control mice were to receive either a regular diet (RD) or high-fat diet (HFD), and the treatment groups were fed a high fat diet with either 350 mg/kg, 700 mg/kg of SH (SH350 and SH700) or 250 mg/kg of met-formin (MT250) for a 10-week period. SH not only reduced body weight but also corrected associated hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in a dose dependent manner. SH exerted beneficial effects on the plasma glucose and lipid homeostasis possibly ascribed to its specific effects on lipogenesis related genes (SREBP1a, FAS, GAPT), and PEPCK, glucose 6-phosphatase gene expressions in liver. Ethanol extract of S. herbacea has potential as a preventive agent for type 2 diabetes (and possibly hyperlipidemia) and deserves future clinical trial.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.147-154
• /
• 2018

PURPOSE: This study examined the ability of experimental socks combined with a functional insole to reduce plantar foot pressure in healthy subjects. METHODS: The study enrolled 15 subjects. An in-shoe measurement device was used to measure the peak plantar pressure while walking. The peak forefoot, midfoot, and hindfoot plantar pressure data were collected under two conditions: the subjects were wearing their own socks and while they were wearing the experimental socks. The paired t-test was used to determine the differences in peak plantar pressure between the two conditions at all three positions. RESULTS: Wearing the experimental socks resulted in a significantly higher peak plantar pressure in the medial forefoot and midfoot areas than wearing one's own socks (p<.05), and also in significantly lower peak plantar pressure in the medial and lateral hindfoot (p<.05). However, there were no significant differences of peak plantar pressure between experimental and own socks in middle and lateral forefoot (p>.05). CONCLUSION: The experimental socks combined with a functional insole decreased plantar pressure in the hindfoot and supported the medial longitudinal arch. However, it is necessary to change the design and material of the forefoot area in the functional insole to prevent foot ulcer at that location in people with diabetes mellitus.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
• /
• v.44 no.3
• /
• pp.97-102
• /
• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the average fasting blood sugar levels from various Homeless and the old at nursing homes. Subjects (297 Homeless and 190 aged people) were examined in April, 2011 to June, 2010 in Daegu city area and only fasting blood sugar was measured. Subjects consist of 274 (56.30%) men and 213 (43.70%) women but primarily comprise over 60s. Blood was collected by vein-puncture, centrifuged and analyzed by TBA-C8000. The number of each subject for blood sugar levels of men groups were shown 197 (40.50%) with under 110, 24 (4.90%) with 110~125, and 53 (10.90%) with over 126. On the other hand, 127 (26.10%) with under 110, 33 (6.80%) with 110~125 and 53 (10.90%) with over 126 from women groups. This means that the average prevalence rate of diabetes is approximately 10% at each sex. Depending on age, the fasting blood sugar level over 126 increased with advancing age but the significance of results was not shown. Two groups, Homeless and aged people at nursing homes, the fasting blood sugar level was alittle high (2.9%) from Homeless but not significant. Regular blood sugar test and HbA1c test for people could be play an important role to prevent diabetic disorders under the government's interest.