• 가정과삶의질연구
• /
• 제31권1호
• /
• pp.11-27
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall developmental characteristics of Korean children ages 0 to 8, and then explore specifically how children's social and emotional developmental levels are related to mothers' psychological states. This study was part of newly launched Boryung Baby Panel Study using web-based survey in 2011. The subjects were all mothers of 940 infants(0-2 years), 654 toddlers(3-5 years), and 484 school-age children(6-8 years) The mothers were asked to administer the web-based standardized developmental checklist for their child and fill out the questionnaires of psychological variables(life satisfaction, depression, parenting attitude, parenting efficacy, and parenting stress). The data was analyzed using descriptive analysis, t-test, and logistic regression for SPSS 20.0 windows. Major findings were as follows: 1. Infants(0 to 2) showed higher developmental level in cognition and fine motor skill domain compared to other domains. 2. Most toddlers(3 to 5) showed normal development in the most domain such as gross motor skill, fine motor skill, language, letter, number, self-help behavior. 3. In socio-emotional development domain, the ratio of risk or delay group were highest at both infant and toddler. 4. The 6-8 years old children that belong to risk group by the result of SDQ(emotion and behavior assessment) were also relatively high. 5. The relation of the children's socio-emotional developmental level and the mother's psychological variables were reciprocal. Based on these findings, the implications and the limitations of current study were discussed.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.211-217
• /
• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to trace the development of premature babies who had undergone neurodevelopmental treatment in the neonatal intensive care unit and to identify the effects of early neurodevelopmental treatment on the development of premature babies. Methods: Fifty-one premature babies, who had been hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit and received an infant motor performance test and Bayley scales-III evaluation of their developments during the six months of corrected age were included. They were divided into three groups: the intervention group (n=16), control group (n=23), and comparison group (n=12), depending on the risk of developmental delays and the existence of an intervention. The results of this study were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 for windows. The statistical significance level was set at ${\alpha}=0.05$. Results: Regarding the infant motor performance test scores for each group before the intervention, at two weeks after the start of intervention, and at post-conception of 40 weeks, the intervention group showed a significantly higher improvement than the control or comparison group (p<0.01). With respect to the Bayley scales-III at the corrected age of six months, the intervention group exhibited statistically significant differences from the control group in the domains of language and fine movements (p<0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this study could confirm that the early neurodevelopmental treatment of premature babies in the neonatal intensive care unit has continuous effects on the development of premature babies even after being discharged from the hospital.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제31권3호
• /
• pp.344-363
• /
• 1999

A multi-dimensional thermal-hydraulic system analysis code, MARS 1.3.1, has been developed in order to have the realistic analysis capability of two-phase thermal-hydraulic transients for pressurized water reactor (PWR) plants. As the backbones for the MARS code, the RELAP5/MOD3.2.1.2 and COBRA-TF codes were adopted in order to take advantages of the very general, versatile features of RELAP5 and the realistic three-dimensional hydrodynamic module of COBRA-TF. In the MARS code, all the functional modules of the two codes were unified into a single code first. Then, the source codes were converted into the standard Fortran 90, and then they were restructured using a modular data structure based on "derived type variables" and a new "dynamic memory allocation" scheme. In addition, the Windows features were implemented to improve user friendliness. This paper presents the developmental work of the MARS version 1.3.1 including the hydrodynamic model unification, the heat structure coupling, the code restructuring and modernization, and their verifications.their verifications.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제61권4호
• /
• pp.563-575
• /
• 2022

콩명나방은 콩과작물 특히 팥을 가해하는 해충으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 콩명나방의 생물적 특징을 알아보기 위해 발육단계별 발육기간, 성충의 수명과 번식능력을 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34℃ 항온조건에서 조사하였다. 알은 모든 항온조건에서 부화하였고 유충은 16~31℃ 온도조건에서 성공적으로 성충까지 발육을 완료하였다. 알의 발육기간은 31℃까지 온도가 상승할수록 짧아지다가 이후 온도에서 길어지는 경향을 보였다. 유충, 번데기의 발육기간과 성충수명은 온도가 상승할수록 감소하였다. 콩명나방 발육단계별 발육 최저, 최고 한계는 LRF와 SSI모델을 이용하여 계산하였고 발육영점온도와 유효적산온일도는 선형회귀분석을 이용하였다. 1령 유충 부화부터 성충출현까지의 발육영점온도와 유효적산온일도는 12.8℃와 280.8DD였다. SSI모델을 이용하여 추정한 부화부터 성충출현까지 발육최저 및 최고온도는 14.2℃과 31.9℃였고 이들간의 차이 즉 발육적정온도범위는 17.7℃였다. 온도와 관련된 콩명나방 성충의 생존, 수명, 산란기간, 산란수 자료들을 이용하여 산란모형을 작성하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 온도발육모형과 산란모형은 야외에서 콩명나방의 개체군동태를 이해하고 콩과작물의 종합적인 해충군관리체계 확립에 기여할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제61권4호
• /
• pp.577-590
• /
• 2022

콩줄기명나방은 콩과작물 특히 팥을 가해하는 해충으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 온도가 콩줄기명나방의 발육단계별 발육기간, 성충의 수명과 산란특성에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34, 36℃ 항온조건에서 조사하였다. 알과 유충은 7, 10, 13℃를 제외한 항온조건에서 다음 생애단계로 성공적으로 발육하였다. 알, 유충, 번데기의 발육기간은 온도가 상승할수록 짧아지는 경향을 보였다. 콩줄기명나방 발육단계별 발육 최저, 최고 한계는 LRF와 SSI모델을 이용하여 계산하였고 발육영점온도와 유효적산온일도는 선형회귀분석을 이용하였다. 1령 유충 부화부터 성충출현까지의 발육영점온도와 유효적산온일도는 13.5℃와 384.5DD로 추정되었다. SSI모델을 이용한 부화부터 성충출현까지 발육 최저 및 최고온도는 19.4℃과 39.8℃였고 이들간의 차이 즉 발육적정온도범위는 20.4℃였다. 성충은 16℃와 34℃ 범위에서 부화하는 알을 생산하였고, 25℃에서 최대 약 416마리의 자손을 낳았다. 노화율, 나이별 생존율, 나이별 누적산란율, 온도의존 산란수에 관련된 성충모델들이 작성되었다. 본 연구에서 제시한 온도발육모형과 산란모형은 야외에서 콩줄기명나방의 개체군동태를 이해하고 콩과작물의 종합적인 해충군관리체계를 마련하는데 기초기반자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제61권3호
• /
• pp.435-447
• /
• 2022

어리팥나방은 콩을 가해하는 Matsumuraeses속 해충으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 어리팥나방의 개체군동태를 예측하기 위하여 발육단계별 발육기간, 성충의 수명과 번식능력을 10, 13, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31℃ 항온조건에서 조사하였다. 알은 조사된 모든 항온조건에서 부화하였고, 유충은 10, 13, 31℃를 제외한 온도조건에서 성공적으로 성충으로 발육하였다. 발육단계별 발육기간과 성충 수명은 온도가 상승할수록 감소하였다. 어리팥나방 발육단계별 발육영점온도와 유효적산일은 선형회귀방법을 이용하여 추정하였고 발육최저, 최고한계는 LRF와 SSI모델을 이용하여 계산하였다. 1령 유충 부화부터 성충출현까지의 발육영점온도와 유효적산일은 10.2℃와 492.04DD였다. SSI모델을 이용한 부화부터 성충출현까지 발육최저 및 최고온도는 16.7℃과 29.1℃였고 이들간의 차이 즉 발육적정온도범위는 12.4℃였다. 온도와 관련된 어리팥나방 성충의 생존과 산란특성을 이용하여 산란모형을 작성하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 온도발육모형과 산란모형은 어리팥나방의 개체군모형 작성과 콩 작물의 종합적인 해충군관리체계 확립에 기여할 것으로 보인다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
• /
• 제61권3호
• /
• pp.461-473
• /
• 2022

팥나방은 콩과작물 특히 팥을 가해하는 해충으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구는 팥나방의 생물적 특징을 알아보기 위해 발육단계별 발육기간, 성충의 수명과 번식능력을 7, 10, 13, 16, 19, 22, 25, 28, 31, 34℃ 항온조건에서 조사하였다. 알은 7℃와 34℃를 제외한 모든 항온조건에서 부화하였고 유충은 13~28℃ 온도조건에서 성공적으로 성충으로 발육하였다. 알의 발육기간은 25℃까지 온도가 상승할수록 짧아지다가 이후 온도에서 길어지는 경향을 보였다. 유충, 번데기의 발육기간과 성충수명은 온도가 상승할수록 감소하였다. 팥나방 발육단계별 발육 최저, 최고 한계는 LRF와 SSI모델을 이용하여 계산하였고 발육영점온도와 유효적산온일도는 선형회귀분석을 이용하였다. 1령 유충 부화부터 성충출현까지의 발육영점온도와 유효적산일은 9.1℃와 264.5DD였다. SSI모델을 이용한 부화부터 성충출현까지 발육최저 및 최고온도는 20.0℃과 32.3℃였고 이들간의 차이 즉 발육적정온도범위는 12.3℃였다. 온도와 관련된 팥나방 성충의 생존과 산란특성을 이용하여 산란모형을 작성하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 온도발육모형과 산란모형은 야외에서 팥나방의 개체군동태를 이해하고 콩과작물의 종합적인 해충군관리체계 확립에 기여할 것으로 보인다.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.26-33
• /
• 2023

Objective: Human exposure to multiple xenobiotics, over various developmental windows, results in adverse health effects arising from these concomitant exposures. Humans are widely exposed to bisphenol A, and acetaminophen is the most commonly used over-the-counter drug worldwide. Bisphenol A is a well-recognized male reproductive toxicant, and increasing evidence suggests that acetaminophen is also detrimental to the male reproductive system. The recent recognition of male reproductive system dysfunction in conditions of suboptimal reproductive outcomes makes it crucial to investigate the contributions of toxicant exposures to infertility and sub-fertility. We aimed to identify toxicity in the male reproductive system at the mitochondrial level in response to co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and we investigated whether melatonin ameliorated this toxicity. Methods: Male Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=10 each): a control group and groups that received melatonin, bisphenol A, acetaminophen, bisphenol A and acetaminophen, and bisphenol A and acetaminophen with melatonin treatment. Results: Significantly higher lipid peroxidation was observed in the testicular mitochondria and sperm in the treatment groups than in the control group. Levels of glutathione and the activities of catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and manganese superoxide dismutase decreased significantly in response to the toxicant treatments. Likewise, the toxicant treatments significantly decreased the sperm count and motility, while significantly increasing sperm mortality. Melatonin mitigated the adverse effects of bisphenol A and acetaminophen. Conclusion: Co-exposure to bisphenol A and acetaminophen elevated oxidative stress in the testicular mitochondria, and this effect was alleviated by melatonin.

• 초등상담연구
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.159-184
• /
• 2006

Lately, the rapid social and family system change, the entrance examination-centered circumstance in education have a negative influence not only on making up the affirmative self-esteem but also on building up the personal relationship through mutual communication with friends of the same age. Making children adapt well to school life and develop a good relationship in the class is an important subject in educational field. Thus, various school activities should offer lots of opportunities to increase their affirmative self-esteem and more specified performance-centered programs are required toform a harmonious relationship among parties of students. The purpose of this study is to improve an affirmative self-esteern and a desirable personal relationship of children through developing friend-praise program and adapting it to children. Based on the above purpose, the following subjects for this study 'are suggested. Firstly, is the friend-praise program effective in forming an affirmative self-esteem of elementary students? Secondly, is the friend-praise program successful in improving a desirable personal relationship in an elementary school? In addition, two hypotheses of study are decided on the basis of theoretical background and the former study. Hypothesis 1. The friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving an affirmative self-esteem. Hypothesis 2. The friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving a desirable personal relationship. In order to improve the above hypotheses, the experiment was carried out with two classes on the fourth grade in M elementary school in Wonju with being divided into one experimental group and the other comparative group. The friend-praise program which was adapted to the experimental group was composed with four steps as 'introduction', 'preparation', 'operation' and 'closing'. This program which has twelve categories was executed once or twice in a week and each class was continued for forty or sixty minutes. Contrastively, comparative group had no application of the main program. For the purpose of proving the hypotheses after adapting the program to students, I have executed both self-esteem test and personal relationship test. The tests were performed with using SPSS/Windows V10.0 and the statistic was conducted through independant sample t-test for the difference between groups and contrastive sample t-test for the individual difference in each group. The results of this study can be summarized like the followings: Firstly, from the result of previous and after tests, there was no meaningful change in the comparative group, but the experimental group showed meaningful difference in all categories of self-esteem(t=-4.496, p=.000). Especially, the general self-esteem(t=-3.216, p=.003), social self-esteem(t=-2.680, p=.012), homely self-esteem(t=-3.732, p=.001), and school self-esteem(t=-3.902, p=.000) showed a meaningful difference. At the same time, the experimental group also showed meaningful difference with the comparative group in self-esteem(t=-4.758, p=.000). Especially, the general self-esteem(t=2.581, p=.017), social self-esteem(t=3.160, p=.003), homely self-esteem(t=4.283, p=.000), and school self-esteem(t=4.110, p=.000) showed a meaningful difference. As a result of this experiment, the friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving an affirmative self-esteem was proved. Secondly, there was no meaningful change in the comparative group, but the experimental group showed meaningful difference in all categories of personal relationship(t=-4.131, p=.000). Specifically, satisfaction(t=-2.113, p=.045), communication(t=-3.381, p=.002), confidence(t=-3.517, p=.001), intimacy(t=-3.958, p=.000), sensibility(t=-2.955, p=.006), openness(t=-4.318, p=.000) and interest(t=-2.941, p=.000) showed a meaningful difference. In the same instant, the experimental group also showed meaningful difference with the comparative group in all categories of personal relationship(t=3.897, p=.000). Especially, satisfaction(t=2.257, p=.003), communication(t=3.527, p=.001), confidence(t=3.704, p=.001), intimacy(t=3.904, p=.000), sensibility (t=4.382, p=.000), openness(t=2.648, p=.013) and interest(t=2.944, p=.006) showed a meaningful difference. Accordingly, the friend-praise program will have a meaningful effect on improving a desirable personal relationship was proved. Judging from all these results, we should provide primary students with various opportunities to take part in active programs which help them to set up their righteous sense of value, to solve their own problems and to develop their potentials. Consequently, many kinds of practice-centered program like the friend-praise program should be developed more systematically and teachers should apply all those programs to students according to their individual level and developmental stage.