• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.113-119
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to investigate changes in 7 nutritional components (fatty acid, protein, fat, ash, total dietary fiber (TDF), $\gamma$-aminobutyric acid (GABA), and $\gamma$-oryzanol) of paddy rice (PR) and brown rice (BR) throughout the germination process, as measured at different shoot lengths (10 mm, 20 mm, and 30 mm). With the increase of shoot length, the nutritional components' concentrations increased, as compared to the concentrations measured before germination. Moreover, BR exhibited higher GABA, $\gamma$-oryzanol, and protein than PR. Among the components, TDF, GABA, and $\gamma$-oryzanol showed significant concentration differences throughout germination, while the others exhibited only slight variations. In particular, GABA and $\gamma$-oryzanol were predominantly increased in grains of 10 mm shoot length. These compounds might prove to be important factors from germinated rice. Additionally, the germinated cultivar 'Keunnun' might also prove to be a very important food source, owing to its high GABA and $\gamma$-oryzanol contents. These results suggest that variations in nutritional components related to the increase of shoot length may prove to be important when considering the beneficial aspects of rice on human health.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제37권6호
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• pp.455-461
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• 2004

The morphological and histological changes of gonad in ridgetail prawn (Expalaemon carinicauda) were examined with the development of the external genitalia. The samples were collected monthly in Hampyung Bay on the western coast of Korea, from January to December 2003. The ovaries lie on the dorsal side of the female prawns thorax. The ovary cavity is located below the heart and above the hepatopancreas. The anterior part of the ovary is round and fused, and the posterior part has a pair of tubular structures. Testes are bilaterally symmetrical; the anterior part shows fused feature, and the posterior part consists of a pair of tubules. Based on histological examination, ripe eggs and spermatozoa were observed when mature females and males reach a length of about 14.9 and 11.5 mm CL, respectively. The immature female are almost same shape and structure with matured one in the endopod of first pleopod and appendix interna of the second pleopod, except the number of setae, and appear to be structurally complete after females reach a length of about 14.9 mm CL. The appendix masculina reaching beyond the distal end of the appendix interna of the second pleopod after males reach a length of more than 5.5 mm CL and a fully developed appendix masculina and appendix interna of the second pleopod appear up to a length of 11.5 mm CL.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제65권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2020

Association mapping is widely used in rice and other crops to identify genes underlying important agronomic traits. Most association mapping studies use diversity panels comprising accessions with various geographical origins to exploit their wide genetic variation. While locally adapted breeding lines are rarely used in association mapping owing to limited genetic diversity, genes/alleles identified from elite germplasm are practically valuable as they can be directly utilized in breeding programs. In this study, we analyzed genetic diversity of 179 rice varieties (161 japonica and 18 Tongil-type) released in Korea from 1970 to 2006 using 192 microsatellite markers evenly distributed across the genome. The 161 japonica rice varieties were genetically very close to each other with limited diversity as they were developed mainly through elite-by-elite crosses to meet the specific local demands for high quality japonica rice in Korea. Despite the narrow genetic background, abundant phenotypic variation was observed in heading time, culm length, and amylose and protein content in the 161 japonica rice varieties. Using these varieties in association mapping, we identified six, seven, ten, and four loci significantly associated with heading time, culm length, and amylose and protein content, respectively. The sums of allelic effects of these loci showed highly significant positive correlation with the observed phenotypic values for each trait, indicating that the allelic variation at these loci can be useful when designing cross combinations and predicting progeny performance in local breeding programs.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제36권6호
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• pp.619-624
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• 2003

Genital organs and gonad development in kishi velvet shrimp (Metapenaeopsis dalei) were studied based on morphological and histological observations. The samples were collected monthly around the Ochongdo area on the western coast of Korea, from April 1997 to December 1998. Thelycum appear structurally complete after females reach a length of about 12.0 mm CL. Petasma rarely Join after males reach a length of 10.6 mm CL and a fully developed petasma shows up to a length of 12.0 mm CL. The ovaries lie on the dorsal side of the female shrimps thorax. The ovary cavity is located below the heart and above the hepatopancreas. The anterior part of the ovary is round and fused, and the posterior part shows a pair of tubule-like structures. Testes are bilaterally symmetrical, the anterior part shows a convoluted tubule, and the posterior part consists of a pair of tubules. In histological observations, ripe eggs and spermatozoon show when mature females and males reach a length of about 12.0 mm CL.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.547-554
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 개구부가 있는 철근콘크리트 전단벽의 전단강도를 산정하기 위해 수정압축장 이론에 기반을 둔 비선형 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 철근콘크리트 전단벽의 전단강도에서 개구부의 영향을 분석하기 위해 개구부 주변 정착길이 내 철근들에 대한 철근비를 해석 모델에서 감소시켰으며, 비선형 유한요소해석은 기존 문헌에 제시된 시험 결과와의 비교를 통해 검증되었다. 실험 결과와의 비교를 통해 개구부 주변 철근들의 정착길이를 고려한 비선형 유한요소해석의 경우 철근콘크리트 전단벽의 전단강도 예측에 있어 개구부의 영향을 잘 반영한 것으로 나타났다. 이에 반해, 현행 설계기준들은 전단강도를 합리적으로 예측하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 논문은 향후 기존 철근콘크리트 전단벽에 개구부를 설치하는 경우, 전단벽의 합리적인 전단강도 예측에 유용할 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2018

This study was conducted to investigate the skeletal development of bullhead torrent catfish, Liobagrus obesus larvae and to utilize them as basic data for the taxonomic study of Liobagrus larvae. Skeletal development was observed by being divided into cranium, visceral skeleton, shoulder girdle bone, pelvic girdle bone and vertebra. On the first day after hatching, the pre-larvae had an average total length of 7.92 mm, and a line-shaped parasphenoid ossified in the cranium. In the jaw bone, the dentary supporting the lower jaw and the maxillary supporting the upper jaw were ossified. In the anterior abdominal vertebrae of the vertebra, seven centrums began to ossify and five neural spines ossified simultaneously. On the 3 day after hatching, pre-larvae had an average total length of 8.95 mm, and the prefrontal ossified in cranium. The number of abdominal vertebrae was increased to 14, and three parapophysis developed from the front side. On the 24th day after hatching, post-larvae had an average total length of 15.2 mm and the epural bone ossified in coccyx. The parhypural bone was ossified, and ossification of coccyx and pelvic girdle bone was completed. On the 30th day after hatching, the average total length of the juvenile was 17.8 mm, and the ossification of cranium and visceral skeleton was all completed while the preorbital and three suborbitals were ossified in the orbital region of the cranium.

• 한국재료학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.292-299
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 탄소/탄소복합재료의 마모특성에 대한 탄소섬유 길이의 영향을 고찰하였다. 매트릭스 precursor로 레졸형의 페놀수지와 강화재로 표면처리를 하지않은 PAN계 단섬유형 탄소섬유를 사용하여 액상함침법으로 1회의 고온열처리 공정과 4회의 탄화공정을 통하여 탄소/탄소복합재료를 제조하였다. Disk-on-disk형의 마모시험기를 통하여 상대 마찰재로 AISI 304 stainliss steel을 사용하여 0.6MPa(61 ${\times}{10^3}$Kg/$m^2$)의 압력과 0.71m/sec의 미끄러짐 속도하에서 측정된 탄소/탄소복합재료의 마찰계수는 0.2-0.3이었다. 마찰계수에 대한 섬유의 길이의 영향은 크게 나타나지 않았지만, 마모 속도는 섬유의 길이가 증가함에 따라 증가하는 경향이 나타났다. 본 실헙 결과를 섬유 강화 플라스틱의 마모 모델을 적용하여 고찰하여 본 결과, 섬유의 길이가 증가함에 따라 탄소/탄소복합재료의 마모 속도가 증가되는 경향은 생성된느 마모조각의 크기가 커기기 때문에 나타난 현상으로 판단되었다.

• Journal of the korean society of oceanography
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.75-84
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• 1997

Relation between the length scale and the wall proximity function in the Mellor-Yamada level 2.5 turbulence closure model has been investigated through various experiments using a range of wall proximity functions. The model performance has been evaluated quantitatively by comparing with laboratory data for wind-driven flow (Baines and Knapp, 1965) and for open-channel flows without and with adverse wind action (Tsuruya, 1985). Comparison shows that a symmetric wall proximity function used by Blumberg and Mellor(1987) gives rise to current profiles with better accuracy than asymmetric wall proximity functions considered. It is noted that in modelling homogeneous flows the length scale 1= 0.31${\|}$z${\|}$(1+z/h) can be used with tolerable accuracy.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.205-212
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• 2018

This study is to observe the developmental process of the larval skeleton according to the growth of the trident goby, Tridentiger obscurus belonging to the larvae and juveniles and use it as the basic data of the taxonomic study. 8 days after hatching, the parasphenoid was ossified with an average total length of 3.62 mm, and basioccipital began to ossify. Caudal vertebrae and neural spine ossified in vertebra. 17 days after hatching, the average total length of the long hairs was 4.32 mm, pterotic and epiotic were ossified, and interhyal and subopercle were ossified. 52 days after hatching, the average total length of the juvenile was 18.2 mm, and lateral ethmoid, hypohyal ossified, vertebrae were parapophysis, and epural bone was osseous to the bone.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권7호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the development of preschoolers'narrative competence. The subject were 60 preschoolers aged 3 through 5 years who were enrolled in the day care center All the subjects were asked to produce a new story. All the story children toad were recorded on audiotape. The data were analyzed Qualitatively and quantitatively using content analysis and the statistical package for Social Science 9.0. The main results of this study were as follows. 1) Significant age difference was observed in preschooler's narrative structure. Older children produced structurally more complex stories containing setting, character, initiating event, attempt and consequence than younger children. 2) Significant age difference was observed in preschooler's narrative length. Older children used significantly more words and sentence when they produced stories than younger children.3) Preschooler'narrative structure was significantly correlated with narrative length.