• 식물병과 농업
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.84-89
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• 1999

Development of root galls of clubroot disease on Chinese cabbage seedlings was first observed 17days after inoculation of Plasmodiophora brassicae at $25^{\circ}C$ 4-11days earlier than at 5, 20, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 35$^{\circ}C$. Subsequent enlargement of root galls was also fastest at $25^{\circ}C$ and 2$0^{\circ}C$ but delayed at 15$^{\circ}C$ and 3$0^{\circ}C$ or above. Chinese cabbage seedlings with root gall formation showed reduction in number of leaves above ground fresh weight and amount of root hairs but increase in root weight, Root galls development was highest at soil moisture level of 80% of maximum soil moisture capacity than at 60% and 100%. Optimum soil pH for root gall development was pH 6 although root galls were formed at a range of pH 5 to 8. Period of light illumination also affected root gall development with the greatest gall development at 12hr/12hr in light/dark period and the least at 8hr/16hr. Site of root gall formation and gall shape did not differ greatly among treatments of temperature soil moisture pH and light experiments.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.89-89
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• 2022

• 복식
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• 제1권
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• pp.131-150
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• 1977

The new sense of costume is controlled by silhouette. The sense of the times is sensitively reflected in silhouette. For we can perceive the transition of the times through silhouette it is significant to know what course of changes the western costume, which almost became the international costume today, had been going through. I began with the definition and condition of silhouette in this study of silhouette. I took a general survey of silhouette study-ing various kinds of silhouette and the relation between the material and silhouette. I sought the factors which causec the changes in costume and also studies the process of the changes The process of the costume changes is studied by the order of ancient times, mediaeval times, mordern ages and present days. I selected one representative silhouette of women's costume of each period. The darpery form of the ancient time's costume became the tunic form and the tunic form became the tight tunic form today. From this we can perceive that the Gothic period was the limitation of westrn costume. It means that the ancient times was the period of drapery, the midiaeval times was the period of transition from tunic into tight tunic and the modern ages is the period of development of tight tunic. In Egyptian period thin materials were used for costume which was worn in exposed style. In Greek period the costume had the drapery style. The Roman's magnificent costume resembled the Greek's. The mediaeval costume was formed in Byzantium where the northern Europe style of costume was mixed with the gay oriental costume. The Romanesque and Gothic period followed the Byzantine period completing the midiaeval costume. Tight tunic is developed in modern ages. Italian fashion of tight tunic was the first fashion of the modern ages. Germanic and spanish fashion came after it. As Baroque period opened the French royal costume became magnificent and added Brition fashish to it. With the commencement of the modern ages the royal fashion came to an end. Modernages became peaple's period and the costume was simplified. After the First world wav designers and fashion books appeared with the development of technology. Thus the period of fashion industry came. For the designers in 20th country competed to create new designs, the fashion was changed year by year. The simplicity and practicality are not ignored in design, arid the designers added more atristic sense to dresses.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.206-215
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• 2023

본 연구는 고온 스트레스에 노출된 홀스타인종 젖소와 이후 회복 기간을 가진 홀스타인종 젖소의 혈액을 분석하여 면역세포의 분포와 기능을 확인하여 고온 스트레스에 대한 시간에 따른 면역변화를 규명하고자 하였다. 실험은 HTP(THI: 76 ± 1.2)와 CTP(THI: 66 ± 1.3)의 국립축산과학원 낙농과에서 사육중인 홀스타인종 젖소를 그룹당 5마리를 사용하여 수행되었다. EDTA tube를 사용하여 혈액을 샘플링하여 CBC 분석과 PBMC를 분리되었다. 분리된 PBMC는 유세포 분석을 실시하였다. CBC 결과는 그룹 간 면역세포 수에 변화가 없었다. PBMC의 Flow Cytometry를 사용한 분석에서는 그룹 간 B cell, Helper T cell, cytotoxic T cell, γδ T cell 간에 유의한 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 그러나 IL-17a를 생산하는 Th17 cell의 증가가 있었던 반면, CTP 중 Th1 cell은 감소하였다. CTP에서 IL-10의 발현 증가와 HSP70과 HSP90의 발현 감소가 관찰되었다. 결론적으로, IL-10의 발현 증가와 HSP 발현의 감소는 고온 스트레스로부터 약한 회복의 가능성을 시사한다. 그러나 B cell, T cell 및 기타 면역세포의 관찰된 변화가 없다는 것은 CTP 중 고온 스트레스로부터 불완전하게 회복되었음을 나타낸다. 본 연구에서는 적온기 정상수준의 젖소 면역세포 분포에 대한 결과가 부재하여 적온기, 고온기, 회복기의 연결성 있는 비교분석이 부족하다는 한계가 있으며 젖소의 생리대사와 유생산량, 고온 스트레스 바이오마커 등에 대한 분석이 함께 이루어진다면 좀 더 명확한 회복기 대사 및 면역반응에 대한 결과 도출이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 2017

유전적으로 다양한 양배추 유전자원들의 소포자 배양을 통하여 배양에 효과적인 시기와 배양 조건을 구명하기 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 그 결과, '$2{\times}NLN$, $AgNO_3$ 1 mg/l, 13%의 sucrose'로 조성 된 배지 조건에서 배 생산에 효과적임을 확인 할 수 있었다. 배양 재료로 사용된 유전자원 중 소포자로부터 유도된 배 발생 개수는 일대잡종 세대 보다 자가 수정 후대인 $F_2$ 또는 $F_3$ 세대에서 높았다. 이러한 결과를 통하여 양배추의 일대잡종 품종에서 소포자 배양 시 배의 획득에 실패한 경우, 그의 자손 세대를 사용하여 소포자 배양을 지속하는 것을 추천한다. 그리고 소포자로부터 유도된 배와 식물개체 수는 개화 초기의 결과가 중기 및 말기 보다 높았다. 토양순화 된 식물체의 경우는 중기와 말기의 각각 27.0 % 및 1.8 %인 것에 비하여 개화 초기에 유도된 비율이 71.2 %였다. 따라서 소포자 배양에 활용할 꽃봉오리는 개화 초기에 채취하여 사용할 것을 권장한다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2020

Pierre Robin syndrome is characterized by micrognathia, glossoptosis, and cleft palate. Infants with Pierre Robin syndrome causes feeding difficulty, upper airway obstruction, and other symptoms. This study aims to examine the effects of applying dysphagia treatment to infants with Pierre Robin syndrome. The study participant was an infant who was born four weeks premature and referred for dysphagia treatment approximately 100 days after birth. At the initial assessment, the infant showed oral sensory sensitivity, a high level of facial and masticatory muscle tension, and a low stability of the chin and cheeks with almost no normal "sucking-swallowing-breathing" pattern. We set the baseline period and intervention period using the AB design. During the baseline period, non-nutritive sucking training using a rubber nipple was conducted without implementing an oral stimulation intervention. During the intervention period, non-nutritive sucking training and an oral stimulation intervention were performed. After the intervention period, the infant's daily oral intake and oral intake per time significantly increased compared to that during the baseline period. We observed that the oral intake time of the infant decreased during the intervention period compared to that in the baseline period, which indicated an improvement in control over the chin, tongue, and lip movements, a change in muscular tension, and stabilization of the "sucking-swallowing-breathing" pattern. We provided dysphagia treatment before breastfeeding, it was positive effects such as normal development of the infant, transition from tube feeding to bottle feeding, and enhancement of overall oral motor function.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2011

This study examines the process of urban formation in the city of Yanji. The analysis is done by the change of street pattern and major facility location in a timely manner by appling space syntax method. This research categorizes the pattern of the urban growth focused on two urban forms, street and major buildings, in the city and is offered of the meaning of the first value on interpretation of the urban growth in the city of Yanji. The result of the research are as follows. First, the period of the city transformation is divided into four stage; intuitive period, grid-iron formative period, consolidation period, and urban expansion period. Second, characteristics of each stage have been analyzed. At the first stage, the city started to frame along both buildings and streets which were placed without a plan. At the second stage, the city was planned and constructed into new grid-iron pattern ignoring existing context by Jananese colony. At the consolidation period, the road system expands from the city center toward suburban. At the last expansion period, the shape of the city has complicated its shape with complex road system. This study contributes to provide a basic analysis and data to investigate how the Yanji city has evolved over period of time. But further continuous research should be done for future urban development of the Yanji city.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제35권5호
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• pp.682-689
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• 2011

최근 우리나라 해안지역에서는 너울성 파도(Swell-like wave)에 의한 재해가 빈번하게 발생하고 있다. 이러한 해양 현상은 풍파(wind wave)에 비해 주기가 10초대 이상의 긴 주기를 갖는 특성이 있다. 장주기 파(Long period wave)에 의한 피해를 사전에 예방하기 위해서는 실시간으로 정확하게 관측할 수 있어야 한다. 하지만 현재 파고를 측정하는 기기는 풍파를 관측하는 것을 주 목적으로 하고 있어 장주기 파를 관측할 수가 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 GPS를 이용하여 해양에서 실시간으로 운영할 수 있는 장주기 파고 관측시스템을 개발하고자 하는 것이다.

• 건축역사연구
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.9-24
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• 1996

Owing to the energitic studies of the leading shcolars, some paradigmatic theories on the history of Korean dwellings have been suggested. They constructed periodization of their own and defined characteristics of each period with very limited historical materials. However the new historical materials have been discovered in the neighboring academic fields, which require to review the existing theories. This study aims at restructuring periodization in the history of Korean dwellings during the age of The prehistory and The ancient Kingdomes. Through the study, the existing theories on the same period are revived and evaluated based on the new materials. I suggest a new theory on the periodization and the characteristics of each period: a. the paleolithic period(6,000,000 B.P.-10,000 B.P.) : natural shelter, the emergence of man-made dwellings b. the neolithic period(10,000 B.P.-1,000 B.C.) : construction of pit house c. the bronze period(1,000 B.C.- 300 B.C.) : construction of semi-pit house d. the early metalic period(300 B.C. - 300 AD.) : construction of house on the ground level development of the Ondol system e. the ancient kingdomes period(300 AD - 700 AD): classification of housing type

• 한국농촌간호학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changing process of work activities of community health practitioners in medically vulnerable areas. Methods: For the study an historical research method was used, based on literature data and collected literature data related to the work of community health practitioners from 1940 to 2013. Results: There were 45 records according to the literature data about the work activities of the practitioners. Analysis of the process of work activities by time period was based on the historical records: first, the introduction period (1940~1980) saw the "community health practitioners begin their work activities"; second, the development period (1981~1997) involved "provision of comprehensive health and medical service"; third, the stagnation period (1998~2005) characterized by "attempts at new role changes in a crisis"; fourth, the expansion period (2006~2011) "focused on the work of health promotion"; and finally, the stable period (2012~the present) observed "work activities of community health practitioners recognized." Conclusion: Results showed five topics in the process of work activities of community health practitioners by time period. The results offer basic data to investigate work activities of these practitioners and enable discussions about the future of community healthcare.