• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제53권2호
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• pp.174-180
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• 2021

본 연구는 국내산 복분자와 오디의 활용도를 높이고 고품질의 환을 개발하기 위해 복분자 가루, 오디 가루, 비타민 C 세 가지 재료가 복분자-오디 환의 항산화 특성에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 혼합물 설계법 중 D-optimal mixture design을 이용하였다. 독립변수인 복분자 가루, 오디 가루 및 비타민 C 함량에 따라 복분자-오디 환의 총 페놀 및 플라보노이드 함량, FRAP이 linear 모델, DPPH 라디컬 소거활성은 quadratic 모델로 결정되었으며 회귀식은 p-value의 값이 각각 0.0481, <0.0001, <0.0001 및 0.0387로 유의성이 인정되었다. 총 페놀 함량은 비타민 C 첨가량에 영향을 크게 받았지만 복분자 가루 및 오디 가루 첨가량이 부정적인 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 총 플라보노이드 함량은 복분자 가루의 함량이 증가할수록 크게 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. DPPH 라디컬 소거활성은 비타민 C 첨가량이 높을수록 증가하였으며, 복분자 가루의 첨가량이 너무 낮아지면 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. FRAP 활성은 비타민 C와 오디가루 첨가량이 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 드러났다. 이러한 결과와 desirability를 바탕으로 두 개의 복분자-오디 환 배합비가 가능할 것으로 도출되었지만 이 둘 중에서 Formulation 1 (복분자 가루 35%, 오디가루 10%, 비타민 C 10%)이 desirability가 0.8 이상으로 제품 품질이 적합하고 우수하여 최적 배합 비율로 설정하였다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.319-325
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 상업적으로 가장 많이 쓰는 커피 추출기인 2단계 퍼콜레이터를 사용하여 인스턴트커피를 제조하기 위한 커피추출조건을 최적화하였다. 반응표면분석을 위한 수학적 모델식을 구하기 위해 중심합성계획법이 사용되었고, 구해진 모델식에서는 커피추출액의 추출 수율과 추출액의 전반적인 기호도가 3가지 요인(추출기의 급수온도, 추출배수, 추출시간)의 2차식으로 표현되었다. 반응표면분석의 결과를 바탕으로 40% 이상의 수율을 보이는 범위에서, 추출수율과 전반적인 기호도를 최대로 하는 최적 커피 추출 조건은 급수온도 $163^{\circ}C$, 추출배수 4.3 및 추출시간 27분이었다. 이 결과는 산업에서 경쟁력 있는 인스턴트 커피 제조를 위한 커피 추출 조건에 대한 기초 자료를 제공한다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.757-768
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• 2014

Purpose: In this paper we present a case study of developing fast curing adhesives for insulation material of LNG carriers using an extreme vertices design with four mixture components. Three material properties are considered - shear strength, viscosity, and tensile strength. In the optimization experiment, we used hardness instead of tensile strength due to shortage of specimens. Methods: We employ four-factor extreme vertices design with 19 runs and desirability function approach for simultaneously optimizing three responses. After selecting optimal condition of the mixture components, we do confirmation experiments to verify the reproducibility of the optimal condition under manufacturing circumstance. Results: Simultaneous optimal condition for the three responses, that is, shear strength, viscosity, and harness is obtained. At the optimal condition, confirmation experiments are executed in manufacturing circumstance. The variation for the shear strength is not satisfactory, which is due to the variation of the humidity. Conclusion: At the optimal condition three material properties are satisfactory. To reduce the variability for the shear strength, robust design is needed.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.140-150
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• 2018

In this study, effects of microground coffee on the quality characteristics and acceptability of instant coffee with probiotics were investigated. A central composite design with two factors (roasting degree and dose of microground coffee) was used and ranges of roasting degree and dose were 30~50 (L value) and 5~10% respectively. Aroma preference, sweetness intensity, bitterness intensity, acidity intensity, body intensity and overall acceptability were evaluated as sensory characteristics and quadratic regression models of all the properties were significant. Especially in aroma preference and overall acceptability, the higher roasting degree and dose of microground coffee, the more aroma preference and overall acceptability of the coffee increased. And this results accorded with the object of this study to increase aroma preference and overall acceptability by blending microground coffee with instant coffee. On the other hand, 129 of aroma compounds were detected in instant coffee with microground coffee but 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, ethyl-pyrazine and furfural were significant in quadratic regression models. The optimal conditions were predicted by response surface methodology and desirability function approach and the optimal conditions of roasting degree and dose of microground coffee were 30(L value), 8.4%(w/w) respectively to maximize 2 sensory characteristics (overall preference, aroma preference) and 3 aroma components (2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, ethyl-pyrazine, furfural).

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2017

For product or process design and development, it is common to optimize multiple responses (characteristics) based on experimental data. To determine optimal conditions, we need to design the experiment, estimate a proper model for each response, and optimize the multiple responses simultaneously. There are several techniques and many research results on optimizing multiple responses simultaneously, when the experimental data are available. However, the experimental design issue for optimizing multiple responses has not been discussed yet. This paper proposes some idea on how to plan screening design when requirements for multiple performance characteristics are to be met in developing new products. A screening design procedure is developed for securing the requirements of multiple responses. Initial design factors are classified into three categories; specific, non-conflicting common, and conflicting common. After screening experiments, follow-up design region search method is suggested with respect to the most unsatisfied or important response, or overall desirability. A case study on a synthesis of melamine formaldehyde resin is presented to illustrate the procedure and to show the validity of the approach.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.23-40
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• 2023

Despite the growing interest and normative discussions on AI ethics, there is a lack of discussion on policy instruments that are necessary for companies to develop AI-based services in compliance with ethical principles. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore policy instruments that can encourage companies to voluntarily comply with and adopt AI ethical standards and self-checklists. The study reviews previous research and similar cases on AI ethics, conducts interviews with AI-related companies, and analyzes the data using AHP to derive action plans. In terms of desirability and feasibility, Research findings show that policy instruments that induce companies to ethically develop AI-based services should be prioritized, while regulatory instruments require a cautious approach. It was also found that a consulting support policy consisting of experts in various fields who can support the use of AI ethics, and support for the development of solutions that adhere to AI ethical standards are necessary as incentive policies. Additionally, the participation and agreement of various stakeholders in the process of establishing AI ethical standards are crucial, and policy instruments need to be continuously supplemented through implementation and feedback. This study is significant as it presents the necessary policy instruments for companies to develop ethical AI-based services through an analytical methodology, moving beyond discursive discussions on AI ethical principles. Further analysis on the effectiveness of policy instruments linked to AI ethical principles is necessary for establishing ethical AI-based service development.

• 인지과학
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.141-167
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• 2021

진정성은 철학에서 위선이나 기만적인 삶의 반대 개념이다. 진정성에 기초해 인간이 삶에서 경험하는 다양한 긍정적 요인들이 해외에서는 연구되어 온 반면, 진정성 측정을 시도한 국내 연구들은 대부분 한국 문화의 특징들을 고려하지 않았거나 특정 분야의 사용 목적으로만 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 한국 문화의 특수성에 기반하여 연구자들이 보편적으로 사용할 수 있는 진정성 척도를 개발했다. 이를 위해, 기존의 진정성 척도를 구성하는 문항들과 사회적 관계를 중요시하는 한국 사회의 문화적 가치를 반영하는 문항들을 통합했다. 그 결과, 탐색적 요인분석과 확인적 요인분석을 통해 진정성은 자기 인식, 행동 진정성, 관계 진정성의 세 가지 요인으로 구성된다는 사실을 확인하였다. 또한 삶의 만족도, 마음챙김, 자아존중감, HEXACO, 사회적 바람직성, 자기조절초점, 정서다양성과의 상관관계를 분석하여, 준거타당도를 검증하였다. 이러한 결과는 새로운 진정성 척도가 신뢰롭고 타당한 도구라는 것을 의미하였고, 일상에서의 진정성에 대한 경험적 개인차 연구에 중요한 도구가 될 것으로 기대된다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.1-12
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• 2014

The goal-gradient hypothesis states that the tendency to approach a goal increases with the increasing proximity of the goal (Hull 1932). It was initially supported with an evidence of animal experiments and since then, several papers have investigated the goal-gradient hypothesis in humans. Although there are some evidences related to the goal-gradient hypothesis in human behaviors, none of previous studies can properly explain its underlying mechanism, and what's more, they were not able to suggest useful managerial applications in human behaviors. From these perspectives, this work points out that there are some theoretical weaknesses to apply the goal-gradient hypothesis into the complicated human decision-making behaviors and proposes an alternative theoretical mechanismthat underlies the goal-gradient hypothesis in human. Finally, it offers insights into managerial implications of the goal-gradient hypothesis in the marketing field. This study focuses on the changes in motivations for achieving goals, in terms of how approaches to goals vary according to temporal distance from those goals. Specifically, the temporal construal theory (Liberman and Trope 1998) is considered as the underlying mechanism of the goal-gradient in that the temporal construal theory argues how the temporal distance from a goal makes people change their associated values regarding to that goal. According to the temporal construal theory, the value of distant future outcomes (near future outcomes) is construed on the basis of abstract and central features (concrete and peripheral features), and it argues that distant future situations are construed on a higher level than near future situations. This means that the value associated with the high-level construal is enhanced over delay, whereas the value associated with the low-level construal is discounted over delay. Our propositions suggest that the goal-gradient behavior in human can be motivated by the different aspects or characteristics of the goal as time changes based on the temporal construal theory. Thus, the following propositions are proposed. P 1-1: If the goal is far away, consumers put more value on the central features that are more associated with the desirability of the goal. P 1-2: If the goal is far away, consumers put more effort into accomplishing the goal that has more central features, regardless of its peripheral features. P 2-1: If a goal is near, consumers put more value on the peripheral features that are more associated with the feasibility of the goal. P 2-2: If a goal is near, consumers put more effort into accomplishing the goal that has more peripheral features, regardless of its central features. We hope to provide sufficient managerial implications for the companies as our research aims to show how consumers react differently as they progress toward the goal. Proposed propositions may provide guidance for companies developing a loyalty program, enabling them to understand what kinds of benefits or services they should provide or emphasize to consumers in loyalty programs on the basis of the time-dependent changes in outcome values (such as gifts, reward coupons). The effects of temporal distance from a goal should inform companies' marketing activities and help themto determine where emphasis should be placed in designing the benefits of their loyalty program.