• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2009

Two types of piloti-type high-rise RC building structures having irregularity in the lower two stories were selected as prototypes, and nonlinear time history analysis was performed using OpenSees to verify the analysis technique and to investigate the seismic capacity of those buildings. One of the buildings studied had a symmetrical moment-resisting frame (BF), while the other had an infilled shear wall in only one of the exterior frames (ESW). A fiber model, consisting of concrete and reinforcing bar represented from the stress-strain relationship, was adapted and used to simulate the nonlinearity of members, and MVLEM (Multi Vertical Linear Element Model) was used to simulate the behavior of the wall. The analytical results simulate the behavior of piloti-type high-rise RC building structures well, including the stiffness and yield force of piloti stories, the rocking behavior of the upper structure and the variation of the axial stiffness of the column due to variation in loading condition. However, MVLEM has a limitation in simulating the abrupt increasing lateral stiffness of a wall, due to the torsional mode behavior of the building. The design force obtained from a nonlinear time history analysis was shown to be about $20{\sim}30%$ smaller than that obtained in the experiment. For this reason, further research is required to match the analytical results with real structures, in order to use nonlinear time history analysis in designing a piloti-type high-rise RC building.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.4 no.5
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• pp.527-555
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• 2013

This paper proposes probabilistic models for estimating the seismic demands on reinforced concrete (RC) bridges with base isolation. The models consider the shear and deformation demands on the bridge columns and the deformation demand on the isolation devices. An experimental design is used to generate a population of bridges based on the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications (AASHTO 2007) and the Caltrans' Seismic Design Criteria (Caltrans 1999). Ground motion records are used for time history analysis of each bridge to develop probabilistic models that are practical and are able to account for the uncertainties and biases in the current, common deterministic model. As application of the developed probabilistic models, a simple method is provided to determine the fragility of bridges. This work facilitates the reliability-based design for this type of bridges and contributes to the transition from limit state design to performance-based design.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.325-326
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• 2014

With a history of over 100 years, animation is an art of film and television, and a diversified special form of art as well. Animation scene design is not just about scenic painting but also a time-space formative art that serves for film and television animation, presents story plots, unveils dramatic conflicts and depicts character personalities. Scene design requires both high creativity and artistry. Scene design shall cover the living places, social environment, natural environment and historical environment where the characters live. The use of color is an important part in animation creation. In terms of scene design, it plays a significant role in building up the scene atmosphere, promote the plot and enriching screen contents. Focused on Uproar in Heaven-a classic Chinese animation, this paper analyzes the traditional characteristics of Chinese animation scene color and discusses the application and development of color.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.106-116
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• 2017

In the 1900s, the cultural crossing of East and West was realized through the acceptance and reproduction of culture. Cultural change in the Orient was the result of attempts to harmonize the West's images, which they chose in their respective countries, with their own culture. However, research on design history until now has been centered on the West, and East was regarded as a beneficiary of civilization inherited from Western's. From the point of view of Western design history as a main trend, the unique characteristics of Korean design culture are not revealed. Therefore, through this studies, we want to distinguish Korea's modern design, which has been recognized as a minority. For the study, through the wallpaper, which is one of the detailed components of the interior space in modern times, we try to analyze the socio - cultural historical factors and design characteristics influencing the formation of the interior space in modern times. Summarizing a result of research. The early modern wallpaper of England mainly uses plants as motifs. But In Korea, animal patterns and letter patterns were used. The reason why European wallpaper was mainly a plant at the time was that the structure of the motif was useful for the process of creation. However, in the case of the Korean wallpaper pattern, the theme was selected according to the meaning of the motif, and it was abstracted appropriately for the 2D design. As a result, many geometric shapes were formed. In addition, European wallpaper pattern is more complex and organic than Korean wallpaper pattern. Therefore, the boundary of the central pattern as the basic unit is unclear and the patterns are connected. The pattern development method is not a simple repetition but a combination of symmetry and repetition. In Korea, on the other hand, the boundaries of unit patterns are clear and patterns are developed by simple repetition. There are many diamond-type repeating patterns in particular.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.15-31
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• 2012

This study is intended to understand the styles, colors and color arrangements of costumes expressed on Kisan Kim Jun-geun's genre paintings of Joseon in the late 19th century. The paintings vary according to the status and gender of the person wearing the costume as well as the time period and different situations the person belongs to. Also, this study aims to examine the meaning and value of Kisan's paintings in terms of the history of Korean costumes. The result of this study are as follows: The basic and common attire for people of all status and class is the jeogori(jacket), baji(pants) for men and Banhoijang jeogori, chima(skirt) for women. Men wear Po(coat) that represents their status and age, and they put on various hats according to different weather conditions or work-skill even when in the same status and class. However, women wear the Baeja(vest), Durumagi(coat) and head-dresses when they are cold. Overall, the costume patterns and shapes that appear on Kisan's paintings show the same patterns and structures when compared to different data during the same time period. Thus, they provide useful information to help not only understand the changes of patterns and structures of costumes, but also the situations and emotions of the people of that time period. Moreover, it can be understood that various colors and color arrangements that reflect the situations and emotions of the late 19th century were used. This study that analyses the colors and color arrangements used in Kisan's genre paintings can provide the very basic and systematically arranged data to help understand the unique colors in Korea. These data can also provide important information to understand the use of dyes and pigments during that time. Therefore, Kisan's genre paintings are meaningful and valuable in terms of the history of Korean costumes for these are the data, from which we can review the costumes, colors and color arrangements in the years from 1890 to 1910.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2000.04b
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• pp.389-396
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• 2000

A three-dimensional finite element dynamic analysis was conducted to evaluate the effects of reducing cross beams from a simply supported straight P.S.C girder bridge. Two analyses were performed on the P.S.C girder bridge; one with 7 cross beams which is commonly used as current standard, and the other with 3 cross beams. A frequency analysis was conducted first in order to establish the dynamic characteristics of the bridge and determine an appropriate time step to use in the time history analyses. To assess the function and effectiveness of the cross beams, time history analysis was conducted for aforementioned two analysis cases. In the analysis, the complete model was subjected to a loading condition corresponding to the one passing truck loading. Several results of deflection, bending moment and shear forces were compared for two cases. From the analysis results, reduction of cross beams was found to have only a minimum effect on the response of the bridge. The maximum deck slab bending moment was found to decrease. This decrease should result in smaller flexural crack widths in the deck slab, which may lead to an improved deck performance.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.17-28
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• 2020

The general contractor business in South Korea settled in the railway construction during the Daehan Empire, but depending on the construction intention and circumstances of the railroad, relationship among employer-contractor-subcontractor and their roles under the system of the construction process had changed. At the time of laying the Gyeongin and Gyeongbu-rail, the Empire, which had no capital and technology, passed all the power and responsibility of the rail laying to the contractor, who was involved in most of the process. After this, the empire tried to lay Gyeongui-railroad without the help of other countries. Japan prepared for the Russo-Japanese War and decided to construct the railway rapidly, and completed the railway in parallel with direct management work and contract work. From that time on, the general contractor would only do the work. During the construction of railroad in Daehan empire, the general contract business system was established. The ambiguous process was sorted out and divided. At this time, subjects in charge of design and construction has been divided. The internal organization of the project owner and the contractor were organaized and specialized.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.15 no.5 s.58
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• pp.28-35
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• 2006

During the modern age, various fields have fundamentally changed from the preconceived ideas of the past. The concept of time-space relationship changed also. E. J. Marey was almost the first one to visualize the movement of animals and people through scientific methods. Frank B. Gilbreth used more precise photographic equipments to develop more accurate and specific body movement diagrams. The emergence of visualization of body movement is not the only product from the scientific field. The new concept of time-space can be easily noticed in modem art, music and dance. In space design, Futurism attempted to represent the dynamism and speed in a sculptural form. On the other hand, there were examples to further investigate the specific analysis of body movements such as 'Scientific Management'. Body movement diagrams are widely used in various projects in contemporary space design. The difference is that now the design process is more integrated with the analysis. The representation of speed and the container of movements are interwoven in a complex manner in which fluid relationship between body and space is possible. Three types can now be considered: Object, Container and Interactivity. This study attempts to analyze brief history of body movement studies and their application for contemporary space design.

• Journal of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 2022

The use of dampers is being considered a means to improve the seismic performance of buildings. It may take considerable time and effort to find an optimal design solution since repeated three-dimensional nonlinear time history analyses are required. Therefore, a preliminary design procedure for seismic retrofit using hysteretic dampers was proposed in this study. In the proposed procedure, the amount of retrofit (required number of dampers) is estimated from the capacity curve of the building before retrofit and allowable story drift of the building. In combining the capacity curves of the building and the dampers, the deformation demand for the dampers can be easily checked against their deformation capacity. The equations to transform the device displacement to roof displacement for the combination of capacity curves are developed. The proposed procedure was applied to the seismic retrofit design of sample buildings. The study found that the estimated capacity curve was very close to the actual capacity curve obtained from the pushover analysis, which can determine an appropriate configuration to meet the required seismic performance.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.58 no.3
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• pp.116-122
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• 2008

This study aims at defining the meaning of Pobeckchuck in the historical view-point, which appeared in the History of Joseon Dynasty, regarding the periods from the ruling period of Sunjo to that of Sunjong as the latter part of history. Pobeckchuck used in King Sejong was redressed in accordance with the measurement in the Kyeonggukdadejeon(code), in which time one Pobeckchuck was 46.80cm long. It is known that Juchuck, Hwangjongchuck, Youngjochuck, Joraegichuck etc. which had been used in the ruling period of Sejong Dynasty, were used till the period of Youngjo. Also, the document shows that in the 12th ruling period of Sunjo, Pobeckchuck was used for measurement, and in the 20th ruling period of Sunjo, newly-made ruler was only used for the measurement of fields, but no more details about how long it was. But according to the document complied at that time, one Pobeckchuck was 46.80cm long, which fact reveals that the same measurement was used as in the ruling period of Sunjo. When all the measurement laws which were established in the 3rd year of Junghee, the 6th year of Kwangmu were abolished, Pobeckchuck was solely banned from its use, which fact offers a glimpse of how confusing at that period was. The comparison and examination among many documents in the latter part of Joseon Dynasty show the differences within about 4cm that one Pobeckchuck ranged from 44.80cm to 48.80cm long. But no other document on measurement appeared in the History of Joseon Dynasty, except for the 46.80cm. Thus, the 46.80cm corrected in the ruling period of Sunjo proves that one chuck in Pobeckchuck adopted by the dynasty was used as the measurement of length till the ruling period of Sunjong.