• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2001

The high speed in the wire-drawing process to meet the demands for the increased productivity has a great effect on the heat generated due to plastic deformation and friction between the wire and the drawing dies. During the high carbon steel wire drawing process, the temperature rise gives a great influence to the fracture of wire. In this paper, to control the temperature rise in the wire after the deformation through the drawing die, the calculation method of the wire temperature, which includes the temperature rise in the deformation zone as well as the temperature drop in the block considering the heat transfer among the wire, cooling water and surrounding air, is proposed. These calculated results of the wire temperature at the inlet and exit of the drawing die at each pass are compared with the measured wire temperatures and verified its efficiency. So, using the program to predict the wire temperature, the isothermal pass schedule program was developed. By applying this isothermal pass schedule program to the conventional process condition, a new isothermal pass schedule is redesigned through all passes. As a result, the possibility of wire fracture could be considerably reduced and the productivity of final product could be more increased than before.

• 정보처리학회논문지D
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• 제15D권2호
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• pp.187-196
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• 2008

새로운 패러다임의 시스템 개발 접근 방법은 OMG(Object Management Group)에서 MDA(Model Driven Architecture)로 표준화하고 있다. MDA의 핵심 기술은 모델 중심의 시스템 구현을 위한 기술 구조를 정의하는 것으로 시스템의 설계 및 명세에 대한 구현 기술을 플랫폼 독립적 모델(PIM : Platform Independent Model)로 설계한 후, 구현 환경에 적합한 플랫폼 종속적 모델(PSM : Platform Specific Model)로 설계하여 구현환경에 맞는 언어로 변환하는 기술이다. MDA의 핵심인 MOF(Meta-Object Facility), UML, XMI(XML Metadata Interchange), CWM(Common Warehouse Metamodel) 표준 등이 포함된다. MDA 지원 자동화 툴들은 위의 정보들을 갖고 변환 작업을 수행한 후 실행 가능한 시스템으로 생산해 내는 것이다.[1] 본 논문에서는 MDA기반 접근 방법을 적용하여 학사관리 시스템을 설계 및 구현하고, MDA기반 접근 방법에 대한 모델링의 중요성을 강조하였다. 또한 소프트웨어를 효율적으로 개발하는 방법을 제시하여 플랫폼 독립적 모델(PIM)로 작성하고, 플랫폼 종속적 모델(PSM)을 J2EE 플랫폼 기반의 EJB(Enterprise Java Beans)로 변환하는 과정 등을 제시하였다. MDA를 지원하는 자동화 툴 및 편집기(Together Architect 2006 for Eclipse, Edit plus 2)와 데이터베이스 모델링 툴(ER/WIN 4.1)을 사용하여 시스템 설계 및 구현을 하였으며, 전통적 개발 프로세스와 MDA 기반 개발 프로세스에 대한 유효성 분석 결과를 제시하였다.

• Asia Marketing Journal
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-22
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• 2013

This case focuses on Shanghai Tang, the first truly Chinese luxury brand that appeals to both Westerners and, more recently, to Chinese consumers worldwide. A visionary and wealthy businessman Sir David Tang created this company from scratch in 1994 in Hong Kong. Its story, spanned over almost two decades, has been fascinating. It went from what best a Chinese brand could be in the eyes of Westerners who love the Chinese culture, to a nearly-bankrupted company in 1998, before being acquired by Richemont, the second largest luxury group in the world. Since then, its turnaround has been spectacular with a growing appeal among Chinese luxury consumers who represent the core segment of the luxury industry today. The main objective of this case study is to formally examine how Shanghai Tang overcame its downfall and re-emerged as one the very few well- known Chinese luxury brands. More specifically, this case highlights the ways with which Shanghai Tang made a transitional change from a brand for Westerners who love the Chinese culture, to a brand for both, Westerners who love the Chinese culture and Chinese who love luxury. A close examination reveals that Shanghai Tang has followed the brand identity concept that consists of two major components: functional and emotional. The functional component for developing a luxury brand concerns all product characteristics that will make a product 'luxurious' in the eyes of the consumer, such as premium quality of cachemire from Mongolia, Chinese silk, lacquer, finest leather, porcelain, and jade in the case of Shanghai Tang. The emotional component consists of non-functional symbolic meanings of a brand. The symbolic meaning marks the major difference between a premium and a luxury brand. In the case of Shanghai Tang, its symbolic meaning refers to the Chinese culture and the brand aims to represent the best of Chinese traditions and establish itself as "the ambassador of modern Chinese style". It touches the Chinese heritage and emotions. Shanghai Tang has reinvented the modern Chinese chic by drawing back to the stylish decadence of Shanghai in the 1930s, which was then called the "Paris of the East", and this is where the brand finds inspiration to create its own myth. Once the functional and emotional components assured, Shanghai Tang has gone through a four-stage development to become the first global Chinese luxury brand: introduction, deepening, expansion, and revitalization. Introduction: David Tang discovered a market gap and had a vision to launch the first Chinese luxury brand to the world. The key success drivers for the introduction and management of a Chinese luxury brand are a solid brand identity and, above all, a creative mind, an inspired person. This was David Tang then, and this is now Raphael Le Masne de Chermont, the current Executive Chairman. Shanghai Tang combines Chinese and Western elements, which it finds to be the most sustainable platform for drawing consumers. Deepening: A major objective of the next phase is to become recognized as a luxury brand and a fashion or design authority. For this purpose, Shanghai Tang has cooperated with other well-regarded luxury and lifestyle brands such as Puma and Swarovski. It also expanded its product lines from high-end custom-made garments to music CDs and restaurant. Expansion: After the opening of his first store in Hong Kong in 1994, David Tang went on to open his second store in New York City three years later. However this New York retail operation was a financial disaster. Barely nineteen months after the opening, the store was shut down and quietly relocated to a cheaper location of Madison Avenue. Despite this failure, Shanghai Tang products found numerous followers especially among Western tourists and became "souvenir-like" must-haves. However, despite its strong brand DNA, the brand did not generate enough repeated sales and over the years the company cumulated heavy debts and became unprofitable. Revitalizing: After its purchase by Richemont in 1998, Le Masne de Chermont was appointed to lead the company, reposition the brand and undertake some major strategic changes such as revising the "Shanghai Tang" designs to appeal not only to Westerners but also to Chinese consumers, and to open new stores around the world. Since then, Shanghai Tang has become synonymous to a modern Chinese luxury lifestyle brand.

• 한국의학물리학회지:의학물리
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2010

최근 내시경의 기술발전과 더불어 수술의 편의성, 회복시간의 단축, 환자의 고통감소 등의 효과를 위하여 스텐트가 개발되고 있다. 이를 위해 스텐트 구조와 기계적인 반응에 대한 최적의 인자를 찾고 유한요소해석법을 통해 최적 조건임을 검증하였다. 현재 상용화된 제품들 중 선호도가 높은 Zilver (Cook, Bloomington, Indiana, USA)와 S.M.A.R.T (Cordis, Bridgewater Towsnhip, New Jersey, USA) 모델을 분석하였고, 스텐트의 기계적 요소에 영향을 미치는 중요인자를 도출하기 위해 다구치 요인분석으로 배열한 다음, 유한요소해석법으로 유연성과 팽창성을 찾아보았다. 또한 반응표면분석의 중심합성법을 이용하여 최적조건에 알맞는 중요인자를 도출하였고, 이를 고려하여 최적설계를 하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 다구치 요인분석을 통한 유연성 평가와는 다르게 팽창력 평가에서는 최적조건을 만족시키는 인자를 찾을 수 없었다. 반응표면분석법의 중심합성법으로 수행한 결과, 스텐트의 유연성에 대한 중요인자는 스텐트의 두께(T), 단위넓이(W)이고, 팽창력에 대한 중요인자는 스텐트의 두께(T)로 도출되었다. 반응면을 통한 중요인자에서 유연성에 대한 것은 두께(T), 단위넓이(W)로 도출되나, 팽창력의 경우에는 다른 중요인자가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 반응표면분석의 중심합성법을 이용하여 최적조건에 부합한 중요인자는 T=0.17, W=0.09의 결과를 보였으며 유연성과 팽창력이 뛰어나 설계요구조건을 충족하였다. 최근에 유한요소 해석법을 이용한 스텐트의 기계적 특성을 평가하기 위한 연구는 상당량 진행되어 왔다. 하지만 체계적인 실험계획법을 적용하여 스텐트의 최적조건을 도출하여 시간 및 비용을 줄이는 설계방법에 대한 연구는 드물다. 본 연구에서는 스텐트를 설계하는데 있어서 세계적으로 검증된 방법인 다구치 요인분석과 반응표면분석법의 중심합성법을 적용하여 최적조건을 도출하고 유한요소해석을 통해 검증함으로써 실제 시제품을 제작하여 발생하는 시간 및 비용을 절감할 수 있었다. 이러한 체계적인 실험계획법과 유한요소해석을 스텐트 설계단계에 적용함으로써 산업체의 스텐트 개발 기간 및 예산 절감 등 경제적 개발에 많은 도움이 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.401-409
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• 2014

이 연구는 초고층 건물의 철근콘크리트 기둥 단면을 최적화하기 위한 알고리즘을 개발하고 이를 실제 프로젝트에 적용하는 과정에서 검증, 보완한 실용화 연구이다. 최적설계변수는 콘크리트 강도와 단면형상으로 구조엔지니어에 의해 수행된 1차적인 구조설계 결과를 바탕으로 상기 설계변수들을 순수하게 수치적 관점에서 전산최적화한 실례를 소개, 제시하는 것이 이 논문의 목적이다. 이를 위해 외부의 해석 솔버로부터 원 해석모델에서 산출한 부재 응력을 받아오고 이를 기준으로 최소 비용을 만족하는 단면형상을 찾는 전산최적설계 컴포넌트를 새롭게 개발하였다. 이를 활용하여 콘크리트 강도를 사전 가정하고 각 강도별로 1차 최적 단면형상을 산출한 다음 그 결과들을 비교 검토해 서로 다른 두 강도에 대한 단면형상이 최대한 유사한 지점에서 콘크리트 강도를 변경하는 최적설계 시나리오를 제안하였다. 이상의 프로세스는 현업 프로젝트를 수행하는 과정에서 특정 부재의 최적설계만을 위해 집중적으로 개발된 것이므로 구조적 관점에서 미시적이고 수학적 관점에 치중하였다는 한계를 가진다. 그러나 현업에의 적용을 위해 실용적 관점에서 알고리즘 및 프로세스를 강도 높게 검증, 보완한 결과물이므로 차후 발전적 적용 및 개발이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제11권12호
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• pp.25-37
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• 2013

Purpose - The structure of retailing has changed as retailers develop markets in response to business environment changes. This study aims to analyze the general situation of retailers in order to predict future global strategy using case studies of overseas expansion strategy and the Metro Group's global strategy. Research design, data, and methodology - The backgrounds to the new retail business model and retailer classification are analyzed as theoretical data. In addition, the key success point of the Metro Group's "cash and carry" strategy is analyzed as is the Metro Group's global CFAR (collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment) strategy. Finally, the plan for cooperation and precise forecasting under the Metro Group's supply chain management are analyzed from the promotion environment viewpoint. Related materials analyzed included the 2012 annual report, the Metro Group's web page, and a video interview with the executive in charge of global strategy and the new market development department. Some data were revised to avoid disrupting essential aspects of the case studies. Results - The important finding was that the Metro Group could be a world-class retail company with its successful global expansion strategy. The Metro Group's global strategy's primary goal is to have a leading business position in Eastern and Western Europe. The "cash and carry" strategy is highest priority in its overseas expansion strategy. Moreover, the Metro Group has standardized product planning capacity, which could be applied in various countries with different structural and cultural backgrounds. This is the main reason that the Metro Group could rapidly become successful in the Eastern Europe and Asian markets through its structural overseas expansion strategies. In addition, the Metro Group emphasizes the importance of supply chain management. Conclusions - First, retailers should create additional value through utilizing the domestic market, market power, and economies of scale to launch a global strategy to maximize benefits from diversification. Second, the political, economic, and cultural background of the target country needs to be understood to successfully implement the overseas expansion strategy. Third, the main factor of successful cooperation with a local partner is how quickly the company gains total understanding of the business resources and core competence of its partner. All organizations should focus on the achievement of goals in order to successfully operate the partnership. Fourth, retailers should improve their business, financial and organizational structure. Moreover, the work processes and company culture should also be improved to respond strongly in the competitive global market. Fifth, the essential point of a successful retail business is the control capacity of its branding and format. The retailer could avoid forecasting errors through supply chain management by perfectly distributing the actual amount of its inventory. In addition, the risks along the supply chain are effectively shared between the supply chain partners. Finally, the central tendency of the market is to gain in strength with this taking place across all parts of the business.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.107-116
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• 2018

NCS는 지식, 스킬, 태도 등과 같은 역량 구성요소들을 시스템함으로써 다양한 산업현장에서 다양한 레벨의 역량을 키우고 이에 부합하는 직무를 수행할 수 있도록 지원하는데 목적이 있다. NCS는 또한 교육훈련 프로그램 설계와 업무현장평가를 위한 스펙 개발을 위한 자료로 사용되기도 한다. 한국산업인력공단은 데이터를 기반으로 하는 NCS 관련 서비스 혁신을 위해 스플렁크라는 빅데이터분석시스템을 도입 운영 중이다. 스플렁크는 사용자가 손쉽게 폭넓은 데이터를 검색, 수집, 조직화 할 수 있는 플랫폼으로 기존의 노동집약적인 데이터베이스 운영체계와는 전혀 다른 서비스를 제공한다. 스플렁크의 데이터 시각화 및 분석기능을 활용하여 한국산업인력공단은 기존에는 불가능하였던 NCS 관련 서비스에 대한 새로운 관점과 운영적 인텔리젼스를 확보할 수 있게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 NCS 홈페이지를 분석하였다. 구체적으로는 스플렁크을 활용한 NCS 관련 서비스 및 축적 데이터에 대한 시각화 전략과 대시보드 설계 그리고 다양한 통계적 분석기능 및 구조에 대해 분석하고 이에 대한 소개를 하였으며, 이러한 사례 연구를 통한 실무적인 차원에서의 활용방안과 시사점을 제시하였다.

• 벤처창업연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.91-100
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• 2018

중소기업들은 기술혁신과 기술혁신역량 확보를 통해 불리한 자원규모나 경쟁여건을 극복하고 경쟁우위를 확보하기 위해 노력한다. 기존 연구들은 총체적인 기술혁신역량이나 특정 기술혁신역량 차원들에 초점을 두고 각 혁신역량과 성과간의 관계를 살펴보고 있다. 반면 성장단계별 기술혁신역량의 상대적 중요성이나 성과 영향의 차이와 같은 동태적 특성에 대한 관심은 미흡했다. 본 연구는 중소기업 기술혁신역량과 성과간의 성장단계별 차이를 실증적으로 살펴보고자 한다. 국내 중소제조기업들에 대한 설문조사 분석결과, 중소기업 기술혁신역량의 모든 세부 차원들은 혁신성과에 정의 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 성장단계별로는 기술혁신역량의 세부 차원별로 혁신성과에 상이한 영향관계를 보여준다. 기획역량은 성장기와 성숙기에서 혁신성과를 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 제조역량은 성숙기에서 혁신성과를 향상시키는 것으로 나타났다. 신제품개발역량과 사업화 역량은 모든 성장단계에서 혁신성과를 높이는데 기여하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 중소기업들의 성장단계에 따라 실무적 기술혁신역량 강화를 위한 가이드라인을 제시한다. 또한 성장단계별 정책적 지원프로그램 설계와 운영을 위한 시사점을 제공한다. 마지막으로 본 연구의 의의와 연구한계 및 향후 연구과제들을 제시했다.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.53-84
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• 2013

With rapid development of ICT (Information and Communications Technology), new services by the convergence of mobile network and application technology began to appear. Today, smart phone with new ICT convergence network capabilities is exceedingly popular and very useful as a new tool for the development of business opportunities. Previous studies based on Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) suggested critical factors, which should be considered for acquiring new customers and maintaining existing users in smart phone market. However, they had a limitation to focus on technology acceptance, not value based approach. Prior studies on customer's adoption of electronic utilities like smart phone product showed that the antecedents such as the perceived benefit and the perceived sacrifice could explain the causality between what is perceived and what is acquired over diverse contexts. So, this research conceptualizes perceived value as a trade-off between perceived benefit and perceived sacrifice, and we need to research the perceived value to grasp user's continuous intention to use of smart phone. The purpose of this study is to investigate the structured relationship between benefit (quality, usefulness, playfulness) and sacrifice (technicality, cost, security risk) of smart phone users, perceived value, and continuous intention to use. In addition, this study intends to analyze the differences between two subgroups of smart phone users by the degree of personal innovativeness. Personal innovativeness could help us to understand the moderating effect between how perceptions are formed and continuous intention to use smart phone. This study conducted survey through e-mail, direct mail, and interview with smart phone users. Empirical analysis based on 330 respondents was conducted in order to test the hypotheses. First, the result of hypotheses testing showed that perceived usefulness among three factors of perceived benefit has the highest positive impact on perceived value, and then followed by perceived playfulness and perceived quality. Second, the result of hypotheses testing showed that perceived cost among three factors of perceived sacrifice has significantly negative impact on perceived value, however, technicality and security risk have no significant impact on perceived value. Also, the result of hypotheses testing showed that perceived value has significant direct impact on continuous intention to use of smart phone. In this regard, marketing managers of smart phone company should pay more attention to improve task efficiency and performance of smart phone, including rate systems of smart phone. Additionally, to test the moderating effect of personal innovativeness, this research conducted multi-group analysis by the degree of personal innovativeness of smart phone users. In a group with high level of innovativeness, perceived usefulness has the highest positive influence on perceived value than other factors. Instead, the analysis for a group with low level of innovativeness showed that perceived playfulness was the highest positive factor to influence perceived value than others. This result of the group with high level of innovativeness explains that innovators and early adopters are able to cope with higher level of cost and risk, and they expect to develop more positive intentions toward higher performance through the use of an innovation. Also, hedonic behavior in the case of the group with low level of innovativeness aims to provide self-fulfilling value to the users, in contrast to utilitarian perspective, which aims to provide instrumental value to the users. However, with regard to perceived sacrifice, both groups in general showed negative impact on perceived value. Also, the group with high level of innovativeness had less overall negative impact on perceived value compared to the group with low level of innovativeness across all factors. In both group with high level of innovativeness and with low level of innovativeness, perceived cost has the highest negative influence on perceived value than other factors. Instead, the analysis for a group with high level of innovativeness showed that perceived technicality was the positive factor to influence perceived value than others. However, the analysis for a group with low level of innovativeness showed that perceived security risk was the second high negative factor to influence perceived value than others. Unlike previous studies, this study focuses on influencing factors on continuous intention to use of smart phone, rather than considering initial purchase and adoption of smart phone. First, perceived value, which was used to identify user's adoption behavior, has a mediating effect among perceived benefit, perceived sacrifice, and continuous intention to use smart phone. Second, perceived usefulness has the highest positive influence on perceived value, while perceived cost has significant negative influence on perceived value. Third, perceived value, like prior studies, has high level of positive influence on continuous intention to use smart phone. Fourth, in multi-group analysis by the degree of personal innovativeness of smart phone users, perceived usefulness, in a group with high level of innovativeness, has the highest positive influence on perceived value than other factors. Instead, perceived playfulness, in a group with low level of innovativeness, has the highest positive factor to influence perceived value than others. This result shows that early adopters intend to adopt smart phone as a tool to make their job useful, instead market followers intend to adopt smart phone as a tool to make their time enjoyable. In terms of marketing strategy for smart phone company, marketing managers should pay more attention to identify their customers' lifetime value by the phase of smart phone adoption, as well as to understand their behavior intention to accept the risk and uncertainty positively. The academic contribution of this study primarily is to employ the VAM (Value-based Adoption Model) as a conceptual foundation, compared to TAM (Technology Acceptance Model) used widely by previous studies. VAM is useful for understanding continuous intention to use smart phone in comparison with TAM as a new IT utility by individual adoption. Perceived value dominantly influences continuous intention to use smart phone. The results of this study justify our research model adoption on each antecedent of perceived value as a benefit and a sacrifice component. While TAM could be widely used in user acceptance of new technology, it has a limitation to explain the new IT adoption like smart phone, because of customer behavior intention to choose the value of the object. In terms of theoretical approach, this study provides theoretical contribution to the development, design, and marketing of smart phone. The practical contribution of this study is to suggest useful decision alternatives concerned to marketing strategy formulation for acquiring and retaining long-term customers related to smart phone business. Since potential customers are interested in both benefit and sacrifice when evaluating the value of smart phone, marketing managers in smart phone company has to put more effort into creating customer's value of low sacrifice and high benefit so that customers will continuously have higher adoption on smart phone. Especially, this study shows that innovators and early adopters with high level of innovativeness have higher adoption than market followers with low level of innovativeness, in terms of perceived usefulness and perceived cost. To formulate marketing strategy for smart phone diffusion, marketing managers have to pay more attention to identify not only their customers' benefit and sacrifice components but also their customers' lifetime value to adopt smart phone.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2023

The mold industry in Japan, an advanced country in the mold industry, is also at a point of great change. The main causes are the Ukraine crisis and the collapse of the global supply chain (parts supply chain) caused by COVID-19. In addition, the prices of overseas products are rising sharply due to rapid exchange rate fluctuations (decrease in the value of the yen). Until now, Japan's monotsukuri industry has been actively pursuing overseas expansion, riding the trend of globalization. However, the trend began to rapidly reverse, and now the monotsukuri industry that had expanded overseas is showing a tendency to return to Japan. Another factor of change is the change in the automobile industry, which is the most demanded product in the mold industry. As the automobile industry evolves from gasoline cars to electric cars, the number of parts that make up a car will drastically decrease. This trend is expected to increase the demand for small-scale production of a variety of products in the mold industry, and furthermore, it is expected that short delivery times will be required in parts development. As in Korea, the production population working in the mold industry is rapidly decreasing in Japan as well. Even if you add up the total population working in manufacturing in Japan, it only accounts for about 15%. Even in Japan, it is judged that it will be difficult to sustain the monotsukuri industry with this small production population. Therefore, since improvement in production efficiency cannot be expected with the same manual dexterity as before, the mold industry is also demanding the development of mold technology at a different level than before to increase productivity. In this paper, I would like to introduce new Japanese mold technology collected through attending the Intermold exhibition. This is an example of applying a dedicated pin (Gastos) to a mold to prevent an increase in internal pressure during plastic injection molding, and a deep drawing press molding technology with an inherent hydraulic function.