• Fashion Information and Technology
• /
• v.6
• /
• pp.11-15
• /
• 2009

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.117-134
• /
• 2008

The outpaced growth of online channel sales over the traditional retail sales is a result from superior shopping convenience that online stores offer to their customers. One major source of online shopping convenience is a personalized store that reduces customer's shopping time. Personalization of an online store is accomplished by using various in-store shopping behavior data that the Internet and Web Technology provides. Brick-and-mortar retailers have not been able to make this type of data available for their stores until now. However, RFID technology has now opened a new possibility to personalization of traditional retail stores. In this paper, we propose BRIMPS (BRIck-and-Mortar Personalization System) as a system that brick-and-mortar retailers may use to personalize their business and become more competitive against online retailers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.19 no.11
• /
• pp.69-80
• /
• 2021

Purpose: Consumers have unique behaviors that are classified based on their interests and considerations before buying. They are predicted will change due to the pandemic of COVID-19. This study provides insights for retailers about the dynamic of consumer behavior before and during the pandemic, including future predictions. Research design, data and methodology: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement was applied in this study. Seven studies that were selected from five databases meet the criteria for cohort and cross-sectional analyses of gender, age, store types, and environmental concerns. Results: Consumer's gender and age contribute to consumer behavior change. Both offline and online stores can be integrated as omnichannel rather than substitute each other. Product distribution and consumer budget need to be reevaluated by retailers, while internet security is the most essential factor when developing their online transactions. Conclusions: COVID-19 pandemic has a significant impact on changing consumer behavior in most countries. Retailers are encouraged to adapt to the changes by modifying their business model with technology. However, it is still speculated and cannot be generalized due to different cultural and contextual factors. Future studies are always needed to synchronize along with the transition of consumers' behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.570-581
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to investigate competitive structure between the department store and the discount store based on consumers' purchase intention. Female consumers who purchased clothing both in the department store and the discount store participated in the study by completing questionnaires (N=533) . Data were analyzed using factor analyses, paired t-test, Cronbach's $\alpha$, and chi-square analyses. The result was as following: 1 . Overall, the department store and the discount store are competing complementarily. However, this competitive structure varied with clothing items and consumers' age. 2. As a result of factor analyses, the two retailer's service quality could be evaluated with four dimensions: price and A/S, store atmosphere and VMD, store policy, and salesperson. 3. The department store was expected to provide the highest level of service in ‘price and A/S’, ‘store atmosphere and VMD’, ‘salesperson’ whereas the discount store in ‘store policy’ 4. Respondents were classified in four groups according to how frequently they use department store and discount store as following: shopper of both retailers (68.35％), discount store shopper(20.97%), department store shopper(4.70%), shopper of neither retailer(3.97％). Each group showed differences in service satisfaction and demographic characteristics.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.17 no.10
• /
• pp.5-15
• /
• 2019

Purpose - Compared with the past when customers regarded a price factor as one of the most important criteria when choosing a retailer as a shopping destination, they seem to show different attitudes toward retailers in recent. This research, therefore, aims to explore how Korean customers respond to the CSR business activities provided by retailers. Research design, data, and methodology - The authors have developed the 6 hypotheses based on the literature review and adopted the 4 hypotheses after removing the 2 hypotheses through discriminant validity analysis. Results - Amongst the 4 hypotheses selected, H1 (community support), H3 (environment protection) and H6 (trading with unethical suppliers) related to a retailer's CSR business practices are accepted, whilst H4 (product issues) is rejected. Surprisingly, Korean customers are not interested in a product safety issue, when deciding a shopping store. Conclusions - Rather than emphasizing cheaper prices to attract new customers or maintain existing ones, it is demonstrated through the research that retailers have to pay their attention to their CSR activities. For a retailer's CSR practices, the retailer's social role has become more important than ever before, from a customer's point of view.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.12 no.9
• /
• pp.5-13
• /
• 2014

Purpose -This study is to measure the effects of retail legislations on small retailers and traditional markets. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The authors have developed a questionnaire with five hypotheses on the basis of previous research results and six constructs: the improvement of sales volume, the number of customers, the improvement of store traffic, the increase of store staff, business expansion and retail regulation. Furthermore, the research has adopted a five-point Likert-scale technique. In order to increase research reliability as well as validity, the authors have adopted a few different research techniques such as exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results - Although existing retail regulations might be better than nothing for now, the degree of retail constraints on large retailers should be strengthened. Furthermore, different legal methods to protect mom and pops are needed. Conclusions - In order to improve the effects of retail restrictions on large retailers, the research indicates that the central government should change a retail policy, that is, introduce new technical ways to keep mom and pops and conventional markets.

• Journal of Distribution Research
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.79-102
• /
• 2007

Consumers evaluate stores by comparing stores that we, in their minds, similar and are competitive with one another; and in this way, the term "consideration set of stores" is defined as those store alternatives the consumer is aware of and evaluates positively. The purpose of this study is to aid in understanding the consideration set of stores in store choice processes in apparel product purchases. More specifically, this study aims to clarify the relation between consideration set of stores and importance of store image. As a result, the respondents of quantitative study were classified into seven groups by the number of stores and store types they considered: 1) "small-road shop sets group" ; 2) "small-market sets group" ; 3) "small- department store sets group" ; 4) "small-department store/outlet sets group" ; 5) "large-department store/market sets group" ; 6) "large-department store/road shop sets group" ; and 7) "large-department store sets group". Further, significant differences among the groups in the importance of store image were observed. For example, low prices were an important factor in both the small-market considering group and large-department store/market considering group when choosing a retail store, there were also differences in the considering groups in that for the small-department store considering group, store mileage-discount cards were important whereas ample space for relaxation around the stores were important retail store selection factors for the large-department store/road shop considering group. This study may provide a useful direction to retailers in finding out who the target customers and competitive stores are and allow retailers to make proper marketing strategies.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.49-69
• /
• 2005

This study is to investigate causal relationship among store image, private brand image and purchase intentions through comparing national distributors with local distributors in Pusan city. More specifically, the objective of this study can be explained as follows; First, what store image have an effect on private brand image. Second, individual store image and their private brand image have different effects. Last, store image and private brand image influence purchase intention of private brands. The results of this study suggests a positive relationship between consumers' perceptions of individual private brands and their associated store image dimensions and purchase intentions toward private brands. A key implication of this research suggests it is desirable for retailers to build up a positive consumer's perceptions of private brand by improving store image. Especially, it is suggested that through the development of specific features of store images, retailers are to manage private brands.

• Korean Business Review
• /
• v.13
• /
• pp.107-132
• /
• 2000

The entry of large discount stores such as E-mart, LG mart, Magnet etc. into small cities have had a profound impact on the business of small-sized retailers. Now, it becomes the matter of survival for small-sized retailers and it is almost impossible to reverse those trends. Without satisfying consumers' various needs and wants, retailers can not survive. Therefore, it is extremely important to understand retail competition from the perspective of consumers in order for retailers to survive in the turbulent environment. The previous research studies on retail competition have focused on the comparison among different types of retailers with respect to strategic retail mix variables. However, they do not consider the competitive aspects of consumers' sides. In addition, we do not fully understand the meaning of "shopping." Shopping means hedonic shopping as well as utilitarian shopping. Utilitarian aspects are important but consumers also prefer' hedonic aspects too. That is the reason that traditional retailers such as small-sized retailers can not compete with modem and large retailers. We use three different methods to identify the macro and competitive structure. of retailing with respect to shopping. Factor analysis, multidimensional scaling, and multiple correspondence analysis are used to produce perceptual mapping of retail competition. Department store and large discount store are identified as close competitors but both might have an indirect impact on small-sized retailers through demand shift toward high end retailers.

• Journal of Fashion Business
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.81-101
• /
• 2021

Traditional department stores have been struggling to attract customers for several years. Many retail stores have closed in recent years, even before the COVID-19 pandemic. The reinvention of in-store shopping value and experience is imperative to attract customers and reinvigorate retail business. The purpose of this study was to discover which in-store components can improve customer experiences and loyalty while also identifying dissatisfaction issues in consumer experiences in department stores. The data was collected from two consumer groups-luxury department store (Selfridges) customers and mid-market department store (Debenhams) customers-to identify the types of value and experiences they seek most often. The findings showed that to enhance their store patronage, Debenhams should reposition their brand image in a way that allows customers to connect with their self-image and lifestyle by improving efficiency and convenience and prioritizing the utilitarian and social value types. By contrast, Selfridges should enhancetheir store atmosphere, visual merchandising and sensory experiences by maximizing slow retailing experiences and emphasizing the aspirational self-concept image for symbolic and hedonic value. This research uncovered the existence of numerous overlappingvalue dimensions, each of which contributed to the enhancement of the others. Several young customers expressed their support for ecologically responsible, cost-effective second-hand luxury products. Instead of focusing merely on conventional value dimensions, department retailers should determine how environmental and ethical objectives can be fulfilled. This study explained how department stores can craft their in-store environments to appeal to their customers' preferred value types to ensure success in a competitive market.