• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.106-116
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• 2020

Objectives: This study aimed to develop a valid social contact survey instrument and to verify its feasibility for use among Korean adults. Methods: The Delphi technique was used to develop an instrument to assess social contacts, which was then applied in a cross-sectional pilot study. A panel of 15 medical professionals reviewed the feasibility and validity of each item. The minimum content validity ratio was 0.49. Thirty participants used the developed measure to record contacts during a 24-hour period. Results: After a systematic review, the survey instrument (parts I and II) was developed. Part I assessed social contact patterns over a 24-hour period, and part II assessed perceptions of contacts in daily life and preventive behaviors (hand hygiene and coughing etiquette). High validity and feasibility were found. In the pilot study, the 30 participants had a combined total of 198 contacts (mean, 6.6 daily contacts per person). The participants' age (p=0.012), occupation (p<0.001), household size (p<0.001), education (p<0.001), personal income (p=0.003), and household income (p<0.001) were significantly associated with the number of contacts. Contacts at home, of long duration, and of daily frequency were relatively likely to be physical. Assortative mixing was observed between individuals in their 20s and 50s. Contact type differed by location, duration, and frequency (p<0.001). Conclusions: The developed social contact survey instrument demonstrated high validity and feasibility, suggesting that it is viable for implementation.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.278-283
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• 2015

The computerized prospective Drug Utilization Review (DUR) program supported by the Korean government has provided alerts to physicians and pharmacists since December 2010. This study aims to propose and apply the tiering system in "drug combinations to avoid (DCA)" and "age-precaution" alerts based on severity to improve the compliance of users. To propose the severity and clinical importance of 647 DCA alerts and 140 age precautions, a Delphi evaluation survey was conducted. An expert panel comprising 5 clinical pharmacists and 5 physicians were participated in mail surveys. Based on the results of Delphi survey, DCA pairs were classified into 3 groups; group 1 (70.6%), 2 (26.9%), and 3 (2.8%). Drug-age precaution ingredients were also classified into three groups; group 1 (53.6%), group 2 (40.7%), and group 3 (5.7%). When this grouping was applied to claim data from 2011 to 2013, the majority of alerts had occurred in the groups of high severity. Presenting DUR alerts with severity level is expected to improve the compliance of clinicians. The implementation of tiering system in DUR criteria should be considered.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.121-133
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• 2020

This study examines the most recent successful venture development practices in the United States, Israel, Germany, Finland, and China. The purpose of this study was to find out which foreign country's venture promotion policy is appropriate to korea, why foreign country's venture policy is appropriate to korea and why it is not appropriate, and to draw policy implications for domestic venture promotion and development. The research method was conducted by 50 panel of venture experts using Delphi research technique called 'expert consensus'. As a result of the Delphi research, Finland's venture promotion policy has received the highest evaluation in the usefulness, ease and suitability. Like Finland, the establishment of venture ecosystem through organic activities of private, government, industry, academia, and research was analyzed as the first priority for domestic venture policy. Analyzed. In addition, it was analyzed that the venture policy followed by the private sector under the government's strong promotion policy was no longer appropriate.

• The Journal of Sustainable Design and Educational Environment Research
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.38-48
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to present a more effective daily checklist than the formal routine check before the experiment to prevent accidents in the university laboratory. To do this, we reconstructed the current daily checklist and previous research data and conducted a second Delphi survey. As a result, there were four general safeties such as arranging the laboratory, three mechanical safeties such as abnormal condition of machine and tool tightening parts, three electric safeties such as prohibition of loading around the electric distribution panel, six chemical safeties such as handling and managing harmful factors, three items of fire safety such as fire extinguisher inspection, five cases of gas safety gas container inspection, one item of biological safety such as the state of hand sterilizer management and one other item, which were provided in the daily checklist as twenty six categories in total. According to the opinions of related experts, it is necessary to have an easy and simplified daily checklist for actual daily checkups.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.163-178
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study is to develop a tool to measure the corporate social responsibility activities of tourism and hotel companies using ISO26000 and to verify its reliability and validity. Design/Methodology/Approach - This study is the development of a tool for evaluating social responsibility activities of tourism and hotel companies. For this, as the first stage filer research, 4 experts developed the questions based on ISO26000. And 12 experts (academia, industry) were surveyed by Delphi to evaluate suitability. Finally, the validity and reliability of the development tool were verified for a total of 55 incumbents and related persons. Research Results - For the development of a tool for measuring social responsibility activities of tourism and hotel companies, based on the standard draft of ISO26000, questions that fit 7 core areas were composed (60 questions). In addition, a Delphi survey was conducted on a panel of 12 experts, and a total of 45 questions were derived. Finally, as a result of an exploratory factor analysis of 55 field experts, 20 items consisting of 6 factors were finally confirmed as a measuring tool for social responsibility activities of tourism and hotel companies. Research implications or originality - It is significant for the first development of a social responsibility activity scale suitable for the situation of tourism and hotel companies by applying ISO26000. This will raise awareness of the importance of social responsibility activities in the tourism industry environment, and will help tourism companies to develop a positive awareness of social responsibility activities and to prepare effective implementation strategies.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.285-297
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• 2015

This study aimed to research customer reward program factors of ski resorts in Korea through surveying the expert panel side and the customer side. This study conducted survey for 28 practicians that have been working for the department of customer reception of 6 different ski resorts all over the country and 7 faculties quited well-known in the academic circles. Delphi technique has been used to conduct survey customer reward program factors of the supplier side till the 3rd survey as the final. Based on this survey, an interview and a questionnaire survey have been used to conduct survey customer reward program factors that have been aware by the 50 customers, who have visited the ski resorts in 2014, and compared those two surveys above. In order to process the data, descriptive statistic analysis and Kendall W test have been utilized PASWWIN Ver. 18.0. The results were as follows: discount factor 8 articles, promotion factor 10 articles, package factor 5 articles, and convenience factor 6 articles have been produced as a good result.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to establish a classification systems of sport culture contents for enhancing cultural competitiveness. The main research method for this was the Delphi survey based on the literature. Through a literature review, the definition of sport cultural contents and the classification system of major industrial countries were analyzed. The Delphi survey by a panel of 25 was conducted over a two-round. The results were as follows: first, the sport culture contents includes an artistic creativity, which have a working form that enables delivery to the public and organizing sports activities, and classify as a technology for high value-added content and services. Second, the 'culture' for the large category item, which include the cultural heritage and culture art. The 'media' recognize the importance of temporal concepts with traditional media and it was classified as new media. In the case of items in the large category 'events' are classified as national and international sporting events and festivals, the 'services' main category item is divided into social, care, educational services. Finally, the 'others' includes such as copyrighted items.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.285-312
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• 2009

This study aimed to understand the competency of workers attending to the residential facilities for disabled people. Under the same conditions of residential facilities, a difference of service level to person with disabilities and of facility's operation are due to a great difference between each worker's quality and capability. The Delphi method by 26 experts panel from high rated 13 facilities was employed. According to the study result, as common competency of workers, it comes to the conclusion that workers should be endowed with the ability to settle the matter, the will to improve, and the relationship in the inside and outside, and so on,. In addition, it makes clear that required competency varies with the position and the duty of workers. These results are significant in that the systematic scheme according to individual ability is necessary to improve worker's competency attending to the residential facilities for disabled people.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.121-135
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to establish and provide reliable information for general public, based on expert consensus, on the risks of misuse of medicinal herbs for food and pure food ingredients for the fetus during pregnancy. Methods: A panelist of seven traditional Korean medicine (TKM) gynecologists responded to a questionnaire summarizing the fetal safety literature for twenty-five medicinal herbs for food and pure food ingredients derived from medicated diet (藥膳, Yaksun) recipes during three online Delphi rounds anonymously. Results: Ginkgonis Semen (Ginkgo nut), Illici Veri Fructus (Star anise), lavender, bitter gourd, and parsley were agreed at the level 1 of "Do not consume". These five ingredients were recognized as having significant risks both in the literature evidence and in expert opinion. Rosemary, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Discoreae Rhizoma, lemongrass, Schisandrae Fructus, Cassiae Semen, Foeniculi Fructus, Mori Fructus, Cinnamomi Cortex, and Astragali Radix were agreed at the level 2 of "consultation with TKM practitioner is required". Conclusion: Based on the consensus of a seven-member expert panel of TKM gynecologists, consumption of Ginkgonis Semen (Ginkgo nut), Illici Veri Fructus (Star anise), lavender, bitter gourd, and parsley should be avoided by pregnant women. For Rosemary, Citri Unshius Pericarpium, Discoreae Rhizoma, lemongrass, Schisandrae Fructus, Cassiae Semen, Foeniculi Fructus, Mori Fructus, Cinnamomi Cortex, and Astragali Radix, the level 2 advisory may be recommended to use with caution and to consult a TKM practitioner for advice on consumption, dose, and duration.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.239-247
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• 2023

The FIDIC Red Book is an international standard contract condition in which the Employer designs and the Contractor performs the construction. The Engineer of FIDIC Red Book shall agree or determine any matter or Claim in accordance with Sub-Clause 3.7 neutrally, not as an agent of the Employer. This study aimed to derive Key Risk Sub-Clauses out of 49 Sub-Clauses that the Engineer of FIDIC Red Book recently revised in 18 years shall agree or determine according to Sub-Clause 3.7 using the Delphi method. A panel of 35 experts with more than 10 years of experience and expertise in international construction contracts was formed, and through total three Delphi surveys, errors and biases were prevented in the judgment process to improve reliability. As for the research method, 49 Sub-Clauses that engineers shall agree on or determine according to Sub-Clause 3.7 of the FIDIC Red Book were investigated through the analysis of contract conditions. In order to evaluate the probability and impact of contractual risk for each 49 Sub-Clause, the Delphi survey conducted repeatedly a closed-type survey three times on a Likert 10-point scale. The results of the first Delphi survey were delivered during the second survey, and the results of the second survey were delivered to the third survey, which was re-evaluated in the direction of increasing the consensus of experts' opinions. The reliability of the Delphi 3rd survey results was verified with the COV value of the coefficient of variation. The PI Risk Matrix was applied to the average value of risk probability and impact of each of the 49 Sub-Clauses and finally, 9 Key Risk Sub-Clauses that fell within the extreme risk range were derived.